Citizen attitude and expectation towards greenspace provision in compact urban milieu

Residents’ views are pertinent in urban-park design and management, yet they are often ignored. Social-empirical studies could enhance socially relevant park design. As a compact city, Hong Kong's limited greenspaces are often too small, surrounded by incompatible activities, and fail to meet user demands and expectations. This study explores the response of citizens living in the crowded urban milieu to inadequate greenspace provision. A questionnaire survey gleaned opinion from residents in representative residential neighbourhoods in old city and new towns. Green sites are appreciated more for pragmatic microclimatic and amenity benefits than social and high-order environmental functions. The principal limitations are deficiency in sports facilities and greenery. Respondents favour more trees, dispersed seating design and large parks. The preferences are mainly related to age, income, education and retirement status. The high-density living milieu may have weakened attitude and perception towards urban nature. The findings could inform public policies and programmes on urban parks. They call for an institutional restructuring to facilitate active public engagement in greenspace planning and management.     

金融业的成功 从事金融服务的人同样能够在招牌行业取得新的成功

“一旦拥有了所有的技术和资源,那么是时候开设一家招牌商店了。“十年前.世纪招牌制作公司(美国新墨西哥,阿尔伯克基州)在圣菲的一个小村庄里进行了改造.并于1932年进行了一次大规模的整修,具备了一个完整的环保图形软件包,其中包括,建筑证明、房间号码牌、指路标志,以及其它的一些圈形设施等。     

Livin''La Vida Libre Media 1为一家以古巴为主题的奥兰多餐厅制作了非常有趣味的招牌

Dale is president and co-partner at Media 1 ldentity Solutions (Longwood,FL).Cuba Libre在Pointe Orlando开设了第三家分公司,这家公司设立了户外购物和餐饮,还在街对面开设了娱乐场所,从以橙县(佛罗里达州)的会议中心到设施齐全的国家商会,非常具有吸引力。这家餐馆将它的货物运输到一个现已禁止的岛屿上,这种境况让人想起了很久之前卡斯特罗的哈瓦那。Cuba Libre公司在深夜还会播放一些生动的音乐,配合以拉丁音乐为主题的歌舞表演,同时提供丰盛的可供选择的拉丁鸡尾酒和诱人的古巴车票。这是一个两层楼,占地面积为20000平方英尺的场所,所有装置都是露天的,建筑色彩鲜明,植物颇有异国风情,服务员们统一身穿瓜亚贝拉制服,周围散发出一种热带雨林的氛围。     

Fair trade new product development

Recently, there has been a significant increase in the market for fair trade products. However, there is a discrepancy between the stated purchase intention of consumers and their actual purchase behaviour with respect to fair trade. This article takes an operational and strategic view of this issue and argues that one significant reason for this lies in the limited range of fair trade products currently available. Next, a strategic framework for fair trade new product development is presented and explored. Finally, key operational criteria for fair trade product selection are discussed using a case study example to support the conclusions.     

Firm growth and innovation

In recent years, there has been an increase in empirical and theoretical work that addresses the role of innovation as one of the main sources of firm growth. The purpose of this special issue is to strengthen the role played by innovation as a determinant of firm growth. Despite the emergence of a vast empirical literature on whether innovative firms grow more quickly in terms of sales and employees, a number of crucial questions and answers remain. While a large number of applied papers observe a positive link between innovation and firm growth, the complexity of R&D activities, together with the diversity of innovation strategies and the multiplicity of growth modes, requires a multidimensional approach to examine the contribution of innovations on firm growth. To shed light on the link between firm’ growth and innovation sources, we organized a meeting of leading scholars of firm’ growth and innovation. The papers of this special issue were presented at the workshop on ‘Firm growth and innovation’ held on 28 and 29 June, 2012, in Tarragona, Spain. The papers that compose this special issue deal in depth with innovation activity, firm growth and the interaction between firm growth and innovation.