Chancen und Gefahren der Mediendemokratie: Jahrestagung der DGPuK in Dresden vom 29. bis 31. Mai 2002

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Environmental and Economic Effects of a Fall in Cereal Prices in the EU Internal Market: the Case of Denmark

Reform of the EuropeanCommon Agricultural Policy (the CAP) willreduce cereal prices in the Internal Marketwhile simultaneously increasing direct supportto farmers (Agenda 2000). This paper examinesthe possible effects of liberalisation of theCAP by modelling the effects of a 10 per centreduction in cereal prices combined withcompensation to farmers. We applied anintegrated modelling system suitable forestimating both the economic and environmentalconsequences of agricultural and environmentalpolicy measures and calculated the effects of a10 per cent fall in cereal prices on nitrogenloading of the Danish marine waters, on privateconsumption, GDP, the balance of payments, andemployment. The results indicate that pricereductions do not have significant effects onnitrogen loading relative to the 50 per centreduction target, since a 10 per cent reductionin cereal prices only leads to a 2.4 per centreduction in loading.     

The Potential for Nitrogen Abatement Trading in Agriculture: A Hypothetical Market Experiment

The effectiveness of nitrogen abatement trading as a policy measure relies on both heterogeneity in costs and environmental effectiveness across landscapes. Cost‐efficient implementation may therefore critically depend on spatial distributions of farm and farmer characteristics in water catchments. We use a spatially specific hypothetical market experiment to analyse the likelihood of farmers’ enrolment into nitrogen abatement trading contracts, and derive demand and supply functions for farmers’ nitrogen abatement. We find that farm characteristics influence both the decision whether to supply or purchase nitrogen abatement, as well as the amounts being traded. The derived demand and supply functions for farmers’ N abatement, using hypothetical market experiment data, can be used to reveal the variability in costs of abatement within a market. This provides valuable information to test potential trading schemes ex ante, to evaluate potential economic gains from policy implementation.