Indian women: well-being and survival

The authors examine sex differentials in sustenance and survival in developing countries using the example of India. Lower female life expectancy at birth and the declining ratio of females to males are discussed as evidence of female deprivation. Consideration is given to the feeding, survival, and neglect of female children, to differences in use of medical facilities by sex, and to regional differences by state. This pattern of discrimination is found to persist even in urban areas.     

PLC在实际生产中的应用研究

文章针对工厂对PLC技术的实际需要,简述了新形势下PLC技术发展的新要求,并从工厂生产实际出发,论述了其实践性、科学性。     

Mortality as an Indicator of Economic Success and Failure

Quality of life depends on various physical and social conditions, such as the epidemiological environment in which a person lives. The availability of health care and the nature of medical insurance—public as well as private—are among the important influences on life and death. So are other social services, including basic educa tion and the orderliness of urban living, and the access to modern medical knowledge in rural communities. The statistics on mortality draw our attention to all these policy issues. Mortality information can throw light also on the nature of social inequalities, including gender bias and racial disparities     

A Formal Study of Distributed Meeting Scheduling

Automating routine organizational tasks, such as meeting scheduling, requires a careful balance between the individual (respecting his or her privacy and personal preferences) and the organization (making efficient use of time and other resources). We argue that meeting scheduling is an inherently distributed process, and that negotiating over meetings can be viewed as a distributed search process. Keeping the process tractable requires introducing heuristics to guide distributed schedulers' decisions about what information to exchange and whether or not to propose the same tentative time for several meetings. While we have intuitions about how such heuristics could affect scheduling performance and efficiency, verifying these intuitions requires a more formal model of the meeting schedule problem and process. We present our preliminary work toward this goal, as well as experimental results that validate some of the predictions of our formal model. We also investigate scheduling in overconstrained situations, namely, scheduling of high priority meetings at short notice, which requires cancellation and rescheduling of previously scheduled meetings. Our model provides a springboard into deeper investigations of important issues in distributed artificial intelligence as well, and we outline our ongoing work in this direction.     

Event Risk Covenants and Shareholder Wealth: Ethical Implications of the "Poison Put" Provision in Bonds

This paper examines the ethical implications of "poison put" provisions included in bond offerings. A number of firms are using event-risk protections in bond offerings in an effort to attract investors back into the bond market. One of the most common event-risk protections is a "poison put" provision, which allows the bondholder to "put" the bond back to the firm at par or at a premium under certain specified conditions, such as a takeover effort or a downgrading of the bond by rating agencies. While such a provision is obviously of value to the bondholders, there is a secondary effect that is not as obvious. Using such a provision helps to insure that boards of directors must put the interests of all of the stakeholders ahead of any personal interests of the board members, thus protecting the stakeholders. The use of event-risk protections helps to deter takeovers, induce bidders to negotiate with management in any takeover efforts, and avoid two-tier takeover offers. As a result, the "poison put" provisions have a positive impact on share values while simultaneously protecting the investments of bondholders. Such an impact makes the use of "poison put" provisions in bonds an ethical use of management power.     

纳米氧化锌制备技术与工业生产

介绍了国内外纳米氧化锌制备技术的研究进展.通过对国内外制备技术和生产现状的比较,提出以尿素为沉淀剂,以硝酸锌为含锌原料,采用均匀沉淀法制备纳米ZnO的工艺路线,研究了相关的工艺过程及反应条件、反应产物的过滤洗涤和纳米ZnO的煅烧,对存在的问题和今后的研究方向进行了讨论.     

Economic Analysis for the UK National Ecosystem Assessment: Synthesis and Scenario Valuation of Changes in Ecosystem Services

We combine natural science modelling and valuation techniques to present economic analyses of a variety of land use change scenarios generated for the UK National Ecosystem Assessment. Specifically, the agricultural, greenhouse gas, recreational and urban greenspace impacts of the envisioned land use changes are valued. Particular attention is given to the incorporation of spatial variation in the natural environment and to addressing issues such as biodiversity impacts where reliable values are not available. Results show that the incorporation of ecosystem services and their values within analyses can substantially change decisions.     

Does servant leadership foster creativity and innovation? A multi-level mediation study of identification and prototypicality

The purpose of this multi-level study is to examine how servant leadership affects both employee creativity and team innovation. Drawing from social identity, in particular, relational identification theory, we found on the basis of a two-nation Asian sample of 154 teams that servant leadership promotes individual relational identification and collective prototypicality with the leader which, in turn, fosters employee creativity and team innovation. In addition, our study suggests that the mediated effect of leader identification is strongest when team climate for innovation is high.     

粮食中伏马毒素B1、B2的免疫亲和净化超高效液相色谱测定

建立了免疫亲和柱净化-超高效液相色谱法快速测定粮食中伏马毒素B1、B2的检测方法.样品经提取后,用免疫亲和柱净化、浓缩,Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.7 μm)色谱柱分离,以甲醇/磷酸二氢钠溶液(77/23,v/v)为流动相、流速为0.2 mL/min、进样量为1μL,用Acquity荧光检测器激发波长为310nm、发射波长为435 nm处进行检测,无需衍生,伏马毒素B1、B2的保留时间小于6.5 min,从样品前处理到分析整个过程小于45 min.根据3倍信噪比的峰响应值,确定伏马毒素B1、B2的检出限为0.05 ng,在0.25～10.0 ng范围内呈线性相关,相关系数R2值分别为0.9972和0.9999;FB1和FB2在粮食样品中加标回收率分别为70.0％～100.5％和74.8％～96.0％,精密度分别为2.2％～5.5％和4.3％～7.4％.本方法简便快速、灵敏度高、重现性好、溶剂用量少,适用于粮食中伏马毒素B1、B2的快速测定.