Andrew Wender Cohen. The Racketeer's Progress: Chicago and the Struggle for the Modern American Economy, 1900-1940. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004. xviii + 333 pp. ISBN 0-521-83466-X, $60.00 (cloth).

The Racketeer’s Progress is an important contributionto the growing literature on the role of law in the relationshipbetween labor and capital. It focuses not on legislation orgovernment officials but on local and state courts, where, authorAndrew Wender Cohen argues, a legal revolution was underwayin the early decades of the twentieth century. Legal actionshifted from the defense of property through the convictionof union leaders for conspiracy to the prosecution of corruptunion leaders     

R&D intensity and export performance: A micro view

Zusammenfassung F & E-Intensit?t und Exportleistung: Eine mikro?konomische Betrachtung. — Der Aufsatz besch?ftigt sich mit Unternehmen, die technische Neuerungen betreiben, um exklusive Informationen über neue Produkte oder Verfahren zu erwerben, mit denen sich auf den M?rkten Renten absch?pfen lassen. Die Eigentumsrechte an ihrem Wissen veranlassen die Unternehmen, sich wie Monopolisten zu verhalten. Wie sich innovatorische und nichtinnovatorische Unternehmen auf den Exportm?rkten verhalten, wird in einem theoretischen Rahmen dargelegt. Daraus ergibt sich die Hypothese einer positiven Korrelation zwischen Innovationsintensit?t und Exportwachstum. Diese These wird mit Hilfe von Daten getestet, die aus einer Stichprobe von über hundert Firmen gewonnen wurden, die in Israel zwischen 1975 und 1981 im zivilen Bereich Forschung und Entwicklung betrieben.

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Résumé Intensité de R&D et performance exportatrice: une micro-vue. - Cet article se concentre sur l’entreprise s’engageant à l’innovation technologique pour gagner l’information de propriétaire sur produit ou procédé de fabrication qu’on peut utiliser pour tirer des rentes du marché. Le savoir propriétaire incite les innovateurs de se comporter comme monopolistes. Les auteurs développent un cadre théorique qu’on applique pour comparer les politiques exportatrices des entreprises innovantes et non-innovantes et qui mène à l’hypothèse d’une positive correlation entre l’intensité d’innovation et la croissance exportatrice. Les auteurs testent cette thèse empiriquement en utilisant des données collectionnées d’un échantillon de plus que cent entreprises engagés à la recherche et le développement civile en Isra?l pendant la période 1975–1981.

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Resumen Intensidad de investigatión y desarrollo y exportaciones: un enfoque microeconómico. — Este trabajo se concentra en la empresa innovadora que participa en la innovation tecnológica con el fin de adquirir informaciones exclusivas sobre productos y procesos con los cuales podrìan extraerse rentas del mercado. Estas informaciones permiten que los innovadores se comporten como monopolios. En este trabajo se desarrolla un marco teórico que es utilizado para comparar la política de exportaciones de empresas innovadoras y no innovadoras; se predice una correlatión positiva entre la intensidad de innovatión y el crecimiento de las exportaciones. Esta predictión es sometida a un test empírico con datos de una muestra de más de cien empresas isrealíes activas en investigatión y desarrollo pertenecientes al período 1975–1981.

     

How star women build portable skills

In May 2004, with the war for talent in high gear, Groysberg and colleagues from Harvard Business School wrote in these pages about the risks of hiring star performers away from competitors. After studying the fortunes of more than 1,000 star stock analysts, they found that when a star switched companies, not only did his performance plunge, so did the effectiveness of the group he joined and the market value of his new company. But further analysis of the data reveals that it's not that simple. In fact, one group of analysts reliably maintained star rankings even after changing employers: women. Unlike their male counterparts, female stars who switched firms performed just as well, in the aggregate, as those who stayed put. The 189 star women in the sample (18% of the star analysts studied) achieved a higher rank after switching firms than the men did. Why the discrepancy? First, says the author, the best female analysts appear to have built their franchises on portable, external relationships with clients and the companies they covered, rather than on relationships rooted within their firms. By contrast, male analysts built up greater firm- and team-specific human capital by investing more in the internal networks and unique capabilities and resources of their own companies. Second, women took greater care when assessing a prospective new employer. In this article, Groysberg explores the reasons behind the star women's portable performance.     

Book Reviews

Howard Dick, The Indonesian Interisland Shipping Industry: An Analysis of Competition and Regulation, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1987, pp. 217. Paper: US$15.00; Cloth: US$23.00.

Anne Booth, Agricultural Development in Indonesia, Sydney, Wellington and London: Allen and Unwin, 1988, pp. 295 + iv.

Arthur van Schaik, Colonial Control and Peasant Resources in Java, Amsterdam; University of Amsterdam, Institute For Social Geography, 1986, pp. 210.

Joan Hardjono, Land, Labour and Livelihood in a West Java Village, Jogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press, 1987.

W. Röll and A. Leemann, Agrarprobleme auf Lombok: Untersuchungen zur Wirtschafts- und Sozialstruktur in Nusa Tenggara Barat, Indonesien (Agricultural Problems on Lombok: Studies of Economic and Social Structure in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia), Hamburg: Institut Für Asienkunde, 1987, pp. 300.

Hal Hill (ed.), Unity and Diversity: Regional Economic Development in Indonesia Since 1970, Singapore: Oxford University Press, 1989, pp. 610 + xxx. Cloth: A$65.00.

C. P. Timmer (ed.). The Corn Economy of Indonesia, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1987, pp. 302. Cloth: US$32.95.

Thee Kian Wie, Industrialisasi Indonesia: Analisa dan Catalan Kritis (Indonesian Industrialisation: Analysis and Critical Notes), Jakarta: Pustaka Sinar Harapan, 1988, pp. 276.

David Joel Steinberg (ed.), In Search of Southeast Asia: A Modern History, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 2nd Ed., 1987, pp. 590 + xi.

Geoffrey B. Hainsworth, Innocents Abroad or Partners in Development? An Evaluation of Canada-Indonesia Aid, Trade and Investment Relations, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Field Report Series No. 15, 1986, pp. 100

BRIEFLY NOTED: Ronald G. Petocz (Compiler), The Ecology of Irian Jaya: A Preliminary Bibliography, Halifax N.S., Canada: School For Resource and Environmental Studies, Dalhousie University, 1988.     

装置的政治

今天,我们时常把艺术等同于艺术市场,把艺术作品首先定义为一种日用品。艺术在艺术市场的语境中起作用,每一件艺术品都是一种日用品,我们对此已经毫无疑义。然而,艺术仍旧还是呈现给那些没有意愿成为艺术品藏家的人们,事实上这些人仍然是艺术人群中的大多数。具有代表性的展览的观众很少把展出的艺术品视为日用品。与此同时,大量大规模的群展如双/三年展,文献展,博览会等正在不断增加。无论这些展览投入了多么