A social network supported CAI model for tacit knowledge acquisition

Freehand sketching is one of the most important and commonly used methods of generating and sharing budding ideas during the conceptual development portion of the preliminary phase of design. To develop one’s skills, prolonged practice, acquiring instant feedback and suggestions while practicing are invaluable. The two key and indispensable parts of learning draftsmanship are viewing and commenting on large numbers of free hand sketches. However, due to insufficient educational resources, instructors must spend most of their time engaged in class-room teaching, reducing the time allotted for one-on-one discussion and specialized assistance. Furthermore, the lack of sketch grading criteria can prevent students from developing proper insights into the essentials of sketching. As a result, students neither receive personalized feedback nor acquire adequate training in critiquing freehand sketching skills. These factors decrease learning effectiveness and negatively impact learning motivation. In order to solve this problem, this research has created a discussion platform on Facebook that utilizes the learning characteristics essential to developing proficiency in freehand sketching. It includes practice, observation, and comments. It has been found that this cultivates the subjects’ ability to judge freehand sketch quality and increases learning motivation and effectiveness through the process of peer-assessment. After participating in the one-semester teaching experiment, the abilities of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group, demonstrating that the online sketch discussion platform has a significant impact on freehand sketch learning.     

Competitive dynamics research: An insider’s odyssey

This paper introduces competitive dynamics research, a body of work that has emerged in the strategic management field over the last two decades. I will focus on my scholarly pursuit—both the substance and the process—during the early years of my faculty career. I will use my twelve core publications written during this period to outline the entire research program, highlight the makeup of each of the four sub-streams of the program, and show how these streams are linked. I will also share my personal learning in the process of building this research program. The paper aims to convey some firsthand experience for researchers and scholars, especially those starting in their careers and international scholars who are interested in publishing in major U.S.-based journals, so they can construct their own research programs and cope with the manifold process challenges in research and publishing.

管道防腐技术的质量控制与应用

因管道腐蚀穿孔而不得不重新更换管线的施工活动经常发生。从而管道腐蚀造成的损失极为巨大,所以管道腐蚀一直是困扰油田地面建设的一个重要问题。而防腐质量的好坏,直接影响着管道的使用寿命,因此,分析还氧粉末外喷涂技术在管线防腐工程中的应用情况,对防腐质量控制有着非常重要的意义。     

国际贸易中的动物福利问题研究及我国的对策

动物福利的出现,一方面是经济发展和社会进步的表现;另一方面,是由于发达国家和发展中国家之间存在着巨大的差异。文章对动物福利和动物福利壁垒内涵作深入的剖析,从市场准入限制、产业竞争力影响和贸易抑制影响等方面分析了动物福利壁垒所产生的经济效应;指出动物福利壁垒对我国出口贸易的影响越来越明显。因此,正确认识动物福利问题、增强动物福利意识、加强动物福利立法、建立预警机制、改革农牧业的生产方式、加大投入和依法抵制新贸易保护主义是我国应对动物福利壁垒的主要策略和措施。     

中小企业技术创新的公司治理环境调查研究

公司治理结构与机制决定着中小企业技术创新行为。文章设计并发放包括中小企业公司章程、股权结构、三会状况、经营者、利益相关者五个方面内容的调查问卷,分析了中小企业技术创新的治理环境及其存在的主要问题,并为进一步提高中小企业公司治理水平提出政策建议,以更好地指导中小企业公司治理实践,进而提高中小企业技术创新的能力,培育持久竞争优势。     

金融危机下国际金融体系改革的思考

国际金融体系改革的呼声由来已久,本次金融危机再次暴露出现有国际金融体系的重大缺陷：美元在现行国际货币体系中的垄断与霸权地位,现行国际金融组织体系缺乏独立性和权威性,现行国际金融监管体系不完善等。因此,要改造和重塑现行国际金融体系：改革国际货币体系,促进国际货币体系的多元化,打破美元的垄断霸权;推动国际金融组织改革,提高发展中国家在国际金融组织中的代表性和发言权;加强国际金融监管合作,完善国际金融监管体系等等。     

Entry mode choice in China's regional distribution markets: Institution vs. transaction costs perspectives

In this paper, we investigate the entry mode choice of a leading Taiwanese food company in setting up regional distributors in China's 312 sales districts. Our study shows that, in entry mode decisions, the institutional factors are more important than transaction cost considerations. Both formal and informal institutions are considered. Formal institutions refer to government prescribed institutions (laws and regulations), while informal institutions refer to rules prescribed by the industry and the society. Both institutions are shown to affect the entry mode choices but one important type of institution, professional norms, is conspicuously missing in China. Professional norms exert peer pressures on the practitioners in the same profession, forcing their behaviors to conform to a common pattern. In the absence of professional norms, the roles of network ties and mimetic behaviors are heightened and they become a proxy for professional norms. As a foreign enterprise operating in China's local markets, the Taiwanese food company attained legitimacy by forming alliances with local wholesalers and by following its predecessors in selecting organization forms.     

The positive effects of relationship learning and absorptive capacity on innovation performance and competitive advantage in industrial markets

This study utilized structural equations modeling (SEM) to explore the positive effects of relationship learning and absorptive capacity on competitive advantages of companies through their innovation performances in Taiwanese manufacturing industry. The results of this study showed that relationship learning and absorptive capacity positively influence upon innovation performances of companies, and further have positive effects on competitive advantages of companies. In addition, this study divided the sample into three groups by the levels of relationship learning and absorptive capacity and found that there was a significant difference of innovation performance among these three groups: ‘Highly Capable Companies’, ‘Medially Capable Companies’, and ‘Lowly Capable Companies’. It is important for ‘Lowly Capable Companies’ to increase both of their relationship learning and absorptive capacity to enhance their innovation performances.     

透视迪拜债务危机——中东产油国经济转型之鉴

2009年11月25日,阿联酋的迪拜酋长国政府突然宣布将重组其旗下最大的投资公司--迪拜世界,并延期6个月偿还590多亿美元的债务,而就在此之前的两个小时,迪拜酋长国刚刚从两家商业银行获得了100亿美元的贷款.迪拜政府的这种债务违约行为,立即引起了国际债权人的震惊和愤怒,迪拜酋长国政府及企业的信用级别被迅速下调,全球股市和国际油价随之下跌,这给刚刚看到复苏前景的世界经济蒙上了一层阴影.     

保险公司债券投资信用级别限制对债券市场流动性的影响

2005年12月,保监会发布《保险机构投资者债券投资管理暂行办法》,对符合保险公司购买条件的债券信用级别作出严格限制。保险公司的债券投资对象仅限于指定的信用级别债券上,不同信用级别的债券可能因为保险公司能否参与投资导致市场流动性水平出现较大的差别。本文通过分析52只发行额度为10亿元的短期融资券市场流动性水平,认为保险公司的参与对提高债券流动性水平有一定的正面影响。