全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4983篇 |
免费 | 1001篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 1018篇 |
工业经济 | 457篇 |
计划管理 | 1110篇 |
经济学 | 1137篇 |
运输经济 | 100篇 |
旅游经济 | 44篇 |
贸易经济 | 1247篇 |
农业经济 | 300篇 |
经济概况 | 571篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 79篇 |
2020年 | 174篇 |
2019年 | 494篇 |
2018年 | 232篇 |
2017年 | 373篇 |
2016年 | 363篇 |
2015年 | 391篇 |
2014年 | 379篇 |
2013年 | 548篇 |
2012年 | 390篇 |
2011年 | 369篇 |
2010年 | 321篇 |
2009年 | 221篇 |
2008年 | 234篇 |
2007年 | 194篇 |
2006年 | 163篇 |
2005年 | 145篇 |
2004年 | 122篇 |
2003年 | 96篇 |
2002年 | 98篇 |
2001年 | 79篇 |
2000年 | 54篇 |
1999年 | 19篇 |
1998年 | 8篇 |
1997年 | 14篇 |
1996年 | 21篇 |
1995年 | 19篇 |
1994年 | 27篇 |
1993年 | 27篇 |
1992年 | 20篇 |
1991年 | 28篇 |
1990年 | 26篇 |
1989年 | 18篇 |
1988年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 19篇 |
1986年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 15篇 |
1984年 | 17篇 |
1983年 | 14篇 |
1982年 | 24篇 |
1981年 | 15篇 |
1980年 | 17篇 |
1979年 | 16篇 |
1978年 | 13篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1974年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 5篇 |
1970年 | 6篇 |
1967年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有5984条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
DAVID CLAYTON 《The Economic history review》2004,57(4):691-726
This article uses previously under‐exploited quantitative and qualitative primary sources in Hong Kong, the US, and the UK to chronicle how radio broadcast technologies extended in a Less Developed Country. As incomes were rising and the price of radio receiving sets was falling, demand‐side forces were strong in Hong Kong. Yet, these forces alone cannot explain the pattern of diffusion observed. Innovations accelerated the take‐up of radios. The liberalization and de‐regulation of radio broadcasting provided pre‐requisites for these supply‐side shifts. 相似文献
22.
Kwaku Atuahene‐Gima Stanley F. Slater Eric M. Olson 《Journal of Product Innovation Management》2005,22(6):464-482
While the benefits of being market oriented are largely accepted, a group of scholars and managers remain skeptical. Marketing scholars have sought to counter the criticisms leveled against market orientation (MO) by arguing that it has both responsive and proactive dimensions. However, few studies have empirically examined the complexity of the effects of these dimensions on firm performance. Drawing on theories of resource‐based advantage and organizational search behavior, this article advances understanding by arguing that responsive and proactive market orientations have curvilinear effects on product development performance, that their interaction may be positively related to product development performance, and that their effects on new product program performance are moderated differentially by the organizational implementation conditions and marketing function power. Survey results of 175 U.S. firms indicate support for most of the hypotheses. Specifically, whereas responsive MO has a U‐shaped relationship with new product program performance, proactive MO has an inverted U‐shaped relationship with new product program performance. Contrary to the arguments presented here, the interaction of both orientations is negatively related to new product program performance. This study finds that both orientations are needed; however, new product program performance is enhanced when one is at higher level and the other is at lower level. Finally, responsive MO is only positively related to new product program performance under specific conditions such as when strategic consensus among managers is high. On the other hand, the positive effect of proactive MO on new product program performance is further strengthened when learning orientation and marketing power are high. Overall, this study suggests that the effects of responsive and proactive MO on new product program performance are more complex than previously theoretically argued and empirically examined. 相似文献
23.
DAVID SAPSFORD 《The Economic record》1990,66(4):342-356
This paper provides a survey of a range of issues involved in the analysis of primary commodity prices and the terms of trade. Particular emphasis is placed upon the long-run behaviour of the terms of trade between primary commodities and manufactures and the paper presents some new evidence regarding the long-run behaviour of Australia's terms of trade. 相似文献
24.
Technology Shocks and Job Flows 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We consider a version of the Solow growth model where technological progress can be investment specific or investment neutral. The labour market is subject to search frictions, and the existing productive units may fail to adopt the most recent technological advances. Technological progress can lead to the destruction of technologically obsolete jobs and cause unemployment. We calibrate the model to replicate the high persistence that characterizes the dynamics of firms' neutral technology and the frequency of firms' capital adjustment. We find that neutral technological advances increase job destruction and job reallocation and reduce aggregate employment. Investment-specific technological advances reduce job destruction, have mild effects on job creation, and are expansionary. Hence, neutral technological progress prompts Schumpeterian creative destruction, while investment-specific technological progress operates essentially as in the standard neoclassical growth model. Using structural VAR models, we provide support to the key dynamic implications of the model. 相似文献
25.
PARTISAN POLITICS, INTEREST RATES AND THE STOCK MARKET: EVIDENCE FROM AMERICAN AND BRITISH RETURNS IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
We examine the relationship between government partisanship, interest rates and the mean and volatility of stock prices in the United States and United Kingdom. We suggest that traders in the stock market rationally expect higher (lower) post-electoral interest rates during the incumbency of the left-wing (right-wing) party – Democrats and Labor (Republican and Conservative) – and in election years when they expect the left-wing (right-wing) party to win elections. We hypothesize that expectations of higher (lower) interest rates decrease (increase) the mean and volatility of stock prices during the actual incumbency or even anticipation of a left-wing (right-wing) party holding the office of the chief executive. Results from empirical models estimated on data from U.S. and U.K. markets over most of the twentieth century statistically support our claims. 相似文献
26.
DAVID J. TEECE 《Contemporary economic policy》1986,4(4):65-78
This paper assesses the competition faced by oil pipelines. It also uses a new procedure and new data to test whether oil pipeline markets are competitive or monopolistic, under standard definitions. The key innovation of the paper is a new approach to the definition of the relevant market(s) in which oil pipelines operate. While recognizing that pipeline monopsony also could be a problem under certain conditions, the paper argues that these conditions are unlikely to arise and that if they do, it is unclear whether pipeline owners would be in a position to exploit them. The study offers new evidence to fuel the 80-year-old debate over pipeline rates and regulation. 相似文献
27.
DAVID G. MCMILLAN 《International Review of Applied Economics》2005,19(3):359-368
The present paper examines whether there exists a long‐run cointegrating relationship between a stock market index and output and interest rates. Moreover, estimation is conducted over the full sample and both a recursive and rolling sample to examine any time variation in the nature of the relationship. The results support evidence of a single cointegrating vector, where stock prices typically exhibit a positive relationship with industrial production and a negative relationship with interest rates. However, there is significant time variation and periods of time where contrary results are observed. As such any model of stock prices needs to account for such time variation 相似文献
28.
Economic Risk Factors and Commercial Real Estate Returns 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
A great deal of research has focused on the links between stock and bond market returns and macroeconomic events such as fluctuations in interest rates, inflation rates, and industrial production. Although the comovements of real estate and other asset prices suggests that these same systematic risk factors are likely to be priced in real estate markets, no study has formally addressed this issue. This study identifies the growth rate in real per capita consumption, the real T-bill rate, the term structure of interest rates, and unexpected inflation as fundamental drivers or state variables that systematically affect real estate returns. The finding of a consistently significant risk premium on consumption has important ramifications for the vast literature that has examined the (risk-adjusted) performance of real estate, for it suggests that prior findings of significant abnormal returns (either positive or negative) that have ignored consumption are potentially biased by an omitted variables problem. The results also have important implications for dynamic asset allocation strategies that involve the predictability of real estate returns using economic data. 相似文献
29.
The Impact of Bank Consolidation on Commercial Borrower Welfare 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
We estimate the impact of bank merger announcements on borrowers' stock prices for publicly traded Norwegian firms. Borrowers of target banks lose about 0.8% in equity value, while borrowers of acquiring banks earn positive abnormal returns, suggesting that borrower welfare is influenced by a strategic focus favoring acquiring borrowers. Bank mergers lead to higher relationship exit rates among borrowers of target banks. Larger merger‐induced increases in relationship termination rates are associated with less negative abnormal returns, suggesting that firms with low switching costs switch banks, while similar firms with high switching costs are locked into their current relationship. 相似文献
30.
We study associations between managerial entrenchment and firms' capital structures, with results generally suggesting that entrenched CEOs seek to avoid debt. In a cross-sectional analysis, we find that leverage levels are lower when CEOs do not face pressure from either ownership and compensation incentives or active monitoring. In an analysis of leverage changes, we find that leverage increases in the aftermath of entrenchment-reducing shocks to managerial security, including unsuccessful tender offers, involuntary CEO replacements, and the addition to the board of major stockholders. 相似文献