零阶环—注锁振荡器的功能等效

本文从注锁振荡器(IO)工作的物理过程入手,分析了其锁定过程中所完成的各种功能。并把这些功能模型化,建立等效模型框图。推导出闭环传递函数,揭示了其零阶环的实质,讨论了其独具的许多优异应用特性。     

Regional integration: an empirical assessment of Russia

Using a statistical model of commodity trade, we quantify the evolution of regional economic integration within Russia during 1995–1999, and explore potential determinants of this evolution. Our integration measure exhibits rich regional variation that, when aggregated to the national level, fluctuates substantially over time. In accounting for this behavior, we draw in part on theoretical models that emphasize the potential role of openness to international trade and regional disparities in income in threatening economic integration. Controlling for a host of additional regional- and national-level variables, we find a strong negative correspondence between openness to international trade and internal economic integration.     

Copyright Damages and Statistics

This paper discusses the statistical issues that arise in conducting an economic damages analysis in the context of a litigation matter involving copyrights. Calculating damages in copyright cases turns out to be a natural application for econometric modelling methods. Surprisingly, elementary statistical issues can be a source of significant debate between the experts in such matters. In this paper, we present a case study and illustrate how issues such as interpretation of p -values and what "rejection of the null hypothesis" really "means" in such matters.     

贯彻钢铁产业政策走科学发展之路

时光荏苒，钢铁行业不知不觉又沐浴在2006年的春光之中。从2004年以来国家陆续出台宏观调控政策，到2006年年初的平衡过渡，钢铁行业跨越了由风声鹤唳到有惊无险的历程。     

Continuous extension of preferences

We consider the problem of extending preferences from a subset of a commodity space to the entire space. It is a simple consequence of the Tietze extension theorem that continuous preferences can be extended if they are defined on closed subsets of a normal space and are representable by utility functions. We show the following: If the space is a non-separable metric space, then extension of preferences is not always possible. In fact for (path-connected) metric spaces, extension property, utility representation property, and separability are equivalent to each other.     

中间选民理论在农民工市民化政策制定中的运用——基武汉市436位农民工的实证研究

The Median Voter Theory is an important theory in the neo-political economics. It can be applied to solve the collective choice paradox and analyze the policy making for the citizenization of peasant workers. Adopting the method of factor analysis, this paper makes an empirical study on peasant workers’ preference for citizenization. We find that there is a paradox of future residence preference and self-identification in peasant workers. On this basis, peasant workers are divided into 5 subgroups, and it is found that the median undecided peasant workers are the median voters. Based on the analysis of the median undecided peasant worker’s complaints and appeals, it is proposed that the country should strengthen the vocational training system, establish a social security system, expand the agricultural reform and promote educational reform to facilitate the citizenization of peasant workers. __________ Translated from Guanli Shijie 맜理世界 (Management World), 2007, (4): 40–67     

Price Variability and Industrial Concentration in U.S. Food Industries

This paper focuses on the sources of intra‐industry price variability in US food industries during a period of increasing concentration, while accounting for the impact of variations in prices of primary agricultural products. Results suggest that intra‐industry price variability in food industries increases with their respective mean rate of inflation and product heterogeneity. However, industrial concentration lowers the sensitivity of relative prices to changes in the mean rate of inflation. Hence, static welfare losses to consumers from increasing concentration in food industries, a subject of recent and intensive investigation, can partly be offset by gains such as reduced price variability.     

中国金融业分业经营与混业经营研究

实践表明，混业经营有助于增强金融机构的国际竞争力，促进一国经济的发展，目前已成为全球金融业发展的趋势。就我国而言，从长远的角度来看，混业经营是金融业的必然选择，但短期内尚不具备过渡的条件。由于我国已加入WTO，所以目前应抓住机遇，采取相应的对策，为将来混业经营作好准备。     

Real Investment Implications of Employee Stock Option Exercises

This paper examines a real cost of awarding employee stock options. Based on the observation that managers are extremely concerned about earnings-per-share dilution in equity related compensation, we predict and find that firms experiencing significant employee stock option (ESO) exercises shift resources away from real investments towards the repurchase of their own stocks. We further find weak evidence of a decline in subsequent firm performance (as measured by return on assets) for several years following the cut in discretionary investments as a result of stock option exercises, though this result is sensitive to the metric used to measure performance. Collectively, our findings indicate that ESO exercises potentially impose a real cost on the firm in terms of foregone investment opportunities.     

会计网络化建设存在的问题与对策

会计网络化是会计发展的必然趋势。加快会计网络化建设有利于拓宽财务管理的空间,加快业务流程的时效,提升财务管理的效能,确保资金划拨安全快捷。目前,会计网络化建设在规划设计、功能开发和运行管理等方面,存在重建轻联、重投轻用、重有轻管、重硬轻软等问题。本文中笔者从五个方面剖析会计网络化建设存在问题的原因,在此基础上,从加强统一领导,重视整体设计,完善管理机制,强化管理职能四个方面来提出有针对性的改革措施。