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951.
This paper analyzes the median voter?s most preferred sequences of labor taxes in the standard neoclassical growth model. We consider an infinite horizon economy in which agents are heterogeneous with respect to both initial wealth and labor skills. We start by providing a set of sufficient conditions for the existence of a Condorcet winner. We then characterize the most preferred tax sequence by the median agent. First, we show that marginal labor taxes depend directly on the absolute value of the distance between the median and the mean value of the skills? distribution. Second, we find that in contrast to the intuition stemming from standard representative agent economies, labor taxes are more volatile and counter-cyclical taxation (e.g., increasing taxes in recession) might be optimal depending on the correlation between inequality and TFP. To assess the quantitative relevance of these findings, we calibrate the model economy to six countries and find that counter-cyclical labor taxation is optimal for all but the US. 相似文献
952.
Fridtjof Anderson 《The Manchester School》2014,82(6):653-676
This paper studies licensing of a cost‐reducing innovation in an environment with horizontal product differentiation where the licensee is the most efficient firm in absence of the innovation. We derive the optimal two‐part tariff and show that when we allow for negative royalty rates, the optimal contract may involve the patentee paying its rival a per‐unit subsidy. 相似文献
953.
The definition of competency upon which Australia's National Competency Standards are based and which forms the basis for all analysis and subsequent training and assessment represents a major departure from traditional task-based notions of effective performance. By incorporating attributes not directly observable or measurable the Standards require an approacb to competency analysis which extends well beyond the behaviouralist model which has, to date, determined most approacbes to job analysis and training development. When the Australian Association of Occupational Therapists (AAOT) sought to develop a set of competency standards for their profession, the need for an approach more in tune with current notions of competence became apparent. This paper describes the use of the method they selected, known as nominal group technique, and considers its effectiveness as a means for identifying competencies when attempting to ensure that consultation, participation and commitment are built into the process. 相似文献
954.
Just prior to the Civil War, the US government set out on a relentless campaign to eliminate polygamy within the Mormon Church. This paper offers evidence that the political restrictions on the practice of polygamy were the result of rent seeking by potential beneficiaries of such laws (the Edmonds Act of 1882). Polygamy created benefits for women, but reduced the welfare of most men, in a time period when only adult males had the franchise. 相似文献
955.
956.
We test whether religion affects adult subjects' decisions in a repeated public goods experiment. Contribution levels are not influenced by religious affiliation or participation. However, the decline with repetition is smaller among religious subjects, suggesting that religion may sustain cooperation. 相似文献
957.
Anders Anderson 《European Financial Management》2007,13(3):448-471
I explore cross‐sectional portfolio performance in a sample containing 324,736 transactions conducted by 16,831 Swedish investors at an Internet discount brokerage firm during the period May 1999 to March 2002. On average, investors hold undiversified portfolios, show a strong preference for risk, and trade aggressively. I measure performance using a panel data model, and explain the cross‐sectional variation using investors' turnover, portfolio size and degree of diversification. I find that turnover is harmful to performance due to fees, and is therefore more predominant among investors with small portfolios. I argue that the degree of diversification is a proxy for investor skill, and it has a separate and distinct positive effect on performance. Investors underperform the market by about 8.5% per year on average, of which half can be attributed to trading costs. 相似文献
958.
This article provides an introduction to the trade restrictivenessindex (TRI), which equals the uniform tariff that is welfareequivalent to a given pattern of trade protection. Unlike standardmeasures of trade restrictiveness, the TRI has a solid theoreticalbasis, can incorporate both tariffs and quantitative restrictions,and can be adapted to construct the trade policy equivalentof domestic distortions. The article compares a number of applicationsand describes procedures for operationalizing the TRI on a personalcomputer. The authors conclude that the TRI has considerablepotential in empirical work. 相似文献
959.
Luella F. Anderson Mary A. Littrell 《Family and consumer sciences research journal / American Association of Family and Consumer Sciences》1996,25(1):28-56
This study describes women tourists andforms group profiles of them. The42 women represented early adulthood (ages 17–42) and middle adulthood (ages 43–65) and werefrequent travelers who purchased many souvenirs. Qualitative analysis yieldedfive group profiles of women tourists based on the emergent themes of trip-planning and souvenir-purchasing styles: (a) goalattainment travelers preplanned their trips and made both planned and unplanned purchases; (b) low-involvement travelers made minimal trip plans, unplanned purchases, and thefewest purchases; (c) eclectic travelers used combination planningfor trips, made both unplanned and planned purchases, and made the most purchases; (d) centrist travelers made preplanned trips but unplanned purchases; and (e) laid-back travelers were minimal trip planners who made unplanned, planned, or both unplanned and planned purchases. Each profile represents a target market with its own planning and purchasing styles. Souvenir marketers could design advertising themes and new productsfor each profile. 相似文献
960.
This article tells the story of growth and diversification at Sonae, now Portugal's largest company. Publicly quoted but still majority-controlled by its long-standing Chairman and CEO, Belmiro de Azevedo, it was founded in 1959 in the wood products business. It expanded from the 1980s to become the largest retail group in Portugal and has recently taken on the two incumbents in Portugal's mobile telephony market. It won the third license auction in 1997 and achieved a 22% market share within three years. As the biggest part of Sonae's technology investments, the move into mobile telephony played a big part in launching the Sonae share price on a roller-coaster path that has only recently steadied. The Sonae story illustrates the potential importance of long-term charismatic leadership and strategic vision by one person. It also provides insights into the factors that can help diversification to work. 相似文献