Does Board Independence Affect Audit Fees? Evidence from Recent Regulatory Reforms

To enhance board oversight, since 2002, US legislation has required listed companies to have a majority independent board. This paper uses this legislative change to examine the relation between board independence and audit fees. To provide a clean estimate of this relation, we adopt a difference-in-difference approach using a sample matched on client firm characteristics. We find that greater board independence is insignificantly associated with a change in audit fees when client firms operate in a weak information environment. When the information environment is strong, greater board independence is associated with an increase in audit fees. Our results are consistent with the nascent theory emphasizing information asymmetry and provide insight into the effectiveness of the mandated board independence in relation to audit quality.     

Managing security risks for inter-organisational information systems: a multiagent collaborative model

Information sharing across organisations is critical to effectively managing the security risks of inter-organisational information systems. Nevertheless, few previous studies on information systems security have focused on inter-organisational information sharing, and none have studied the sharing of inferred beliefs versus factual observations. In this article, a multiagent collaborative model (MACM) is proposed as a practical solution to assess the risk level of each allied organisation’s information system and support proactive security treatment by sharing beliefs on event probabilities as well as factual observations. In MACM, for each allied organisation’s information system, we design four types of agents: inspection agent, analysis agent, control agent, and communication agent. By sharing soft findings (beliefs) in addition to hard findings (factual observations) among the organisations, each organisation’s analysis agent is capable of dynamically predicting its security risk level using a Bayesian network. A real-world implementation illustrates how our model can be used to manage security risks in distributed information systems and that sharing soft findings leads to lower expected loss from security risks.     

论我国个人所得税的调节收入分配机制

随着我国税制改革逐步完善和征管工作日益加强,个人所得税征收力度和税款增幅显著加大,相应地,其调节收入分配的作用亦日益加强,同时,也应看到在税制设置和征管方面还存在诸多问题,影响了个人所得税的调节作用。本文针对有关问题提出了相应政策,以期对有关部门完善个人所得税有所裨益。     

论"两课"教育目标的重新定位和课程模式改革

当前高校“两课”教育现状展现出种种问题，是高校德育教育目标定位模糊和课程模式设置不尽合理的结果。将“两课”教育的目标定位在社会素质教育上，是“两课”教育改革与时俱进的结果。依据社会素质教育的特征思考。“两课”课程模式改革走综合课程的道路势在必行。综合德育课程模式可以基本解决当前“两课”教育过程中的种种问题，有利于发挥“两课”教育作为高校德育的主渠道、主阵地作用。     

论建立我国破产罪罪名体系

本文通过分析国外的经验,结合我国立法和司法实践,提出我国应建立破产犯罪罪名体系,并具体分析了破产犯罪罪名和立法体例.     

整合营销传播学的行销主张与马克思主义经济理论观点的相关联系

整合营销传播学是一门源于美国的新兴的营销学传播理论。它所主张的“一切以消费者为中心”展开营销传播的思想理念,改变了传统营销理论中“以生产和销售为中心”的企业营销策略,顺应了知识经济时代的市场发展趋势,并与马克思主义经济理论观点具有某些相关性联系。本文就此提出探讨,同时结合我国市场经济转轨中企业经营观念的相关问题进行了思考。     

传统跨国公司理论及其发展路径

二战后，特别是20世纪60年代以来，跨国公司进入了高速发展时期。不仅跨国公司的规模不断扩大，实力日益增强，而且其海外子公司数目迅速增加，海外生产经营比重也直线上升。跨国公司的发展引起了西方学者的极大关注，以此为研究对象发表了大量的论著，提出了一系列旨在阐明跨国公司对外扩张动因及其余件的理论和模型，已经形成了数十种跨国公司理论流派。本文对其中具有代表性的跨国公司理论作一个系统的回顾。     

中小企业融资难问题浅析

随着科学技术的飞速发展和银行业的激烈竞争,商业银行打破了过去传统的概念和运作方式。融资证券化改善了信货业务与客户之间的债权债务关系,为商业银行资产负债结构调整提供了方便,也促使商业银行加快了其国际化发展战略的步伐。中小企业融资难问题逐步成为金融业发展的瓶颈。     

现代西方饭店组织的发展演进

我国民族饭店集团发展十分缓慢的一个重要原因是没有重视饭店集团的理论基础研究．因此，有必要重点考察现代西方饭店组织发展的历史轨迹，分析各类饭店组织的主要特点，探讨其演进过程，以加强国内学术界对这一问题的研究．     

四川居民消费水平的影响因素与改善策略

国内消费是扩大内需，拉动经济增长的重要手段，分析经济发展水平和人口对居民消费水平的影响，并提出改进之策，是在目前既定的生产力水平和人口规模下，提高居民消费水平的重要途径和方法。