On existence and stability of spatial equilibria and steady-states

This note discusses the existence and stability of two equilibrium concepts for a spatial economy in which the utility of an agent depends on the overall distribution of agents over space.     

COOPÉRATIVES ET GESTION COMMUNALE EN ÉLEVAGE: Un aperçu cornparatif entre pays en voie de développement anglophones et francophones

RESUME * : La gestion communale et les coopératives en élevage difèrent entre pays anglophnes et francophones. Les origines de ces différences remontent aux poliliques coloniales. Les pays francophones ont misé surl'amélioration des systèmes traditionnels existant, les pays anglophones sur l'installation de colons transférant des systèmes importés et lapromotion d'élites locales. Ilen résulte une tendance forte à la privatisation du foncier en zone anglophone qui s'oppose à la recherche d'une gestion comanunale de l'espace en pays francophone; aux initiatives des entrepreneurs anglophones népondent des programmes francophones de structuration du milieu éleveur. Onpeut encore souligner que les coopératives des PVD sont communément différentes de celles des pays industrialisés, notammentpar un moindre fonctionnement démocratique et une plus grande implication étatique .     

Fiscal competition and regional differentiation

Regions can benefit by offering infrastructure services that are differentiated. Competition between regions over potential investors is then less direct, allowing them to realize greater benefits from external investors. The two polar cases of full and incomplete information about investors' needs are studied. In both cases, there is regional differentiation. However, fiscal competition is efficient in the former case but not in the latter. Finally, it is shown that free entry in the location market calls for some regulation because of the excessive number of competing regions that would prevail in equilibrium.     

Blended value and female entrepreneurial performance: social and economic aspects of education and technology transfer

International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal - We reviewed the literature on institutional forecasters of entrepreneurial action across international settings. Our objective was to explain...     

A Theory of Fraud and Overtreatment in Experts Markets

Consumers often rely on an expert's diagnosis to assess their needs. If the expert is also the seller of services, he may use his informational advantage to induce overtreatment, which is a pervasive phenomenon in experts markets. We offer and discuss conditions leading to equilibrium overtreatment in an otherwise purely competitive model. This market failure results from consumers' ability to turn down an expert's recommendation: experts defraud consumers to keep them uninformed, as this deters them from seeking a better price elsewhere.     

Internet Tool Use and Virtual Co-Creation in the Brazilian Construction Industry: Organizational Practices and Consumers' Personal Values

ABSTRACT

This article analyzes the use of Internet tools and virtual co-creation initiatives of firms ranked among the top 100 in the Brazilian building industry. The research was based on observation of the companies' websites and of 200 posts written by participants in a collaborative building project. Websites were observed for the way online interaction tools were aligned to their declared goals. Posts were analyzed using discourse analysis and coded on the basis of the list of values. Results show that only three companies use online tools for the purpose of co-creation and that customer enjoyment is the primary driver of co-creation.     

On the Generalized Bootstrap for Sample Surveys with Special Attention to Poisson Sampling

We study the generalized bootstrap technique under general sampling designs. We focus mainly on bootstrap variance estimation but we also investigate the empirical properties of bootstrap confidence intervals obtained using the percentile method. Generalized bootstrap consists of randomly generating bootstrap weights so that the first two (or more) design moments of the sampling error are tracked by the corresponding bootstrap moments. Most bootstrap methods in the literature can be viewed as special cases. We discuss issues such as the choice of the distribution used to generate bootstrap weights, the choice of the number of bootstrap replicates, and the potential occurrence of negative bootstrap weights. We first describe the generalized bootstrap for the linear Horvitz‐Thompson estimator and then consider non‐linear estimators such as those defined through estimating equations. We also develop two ways of bootstrapping the generalized regression estimator of a population total. We study in greater depth the case of Poisson sampling, which is often used to select samples in Price Index surveys conducted by national statistical agencies around the world. For Poisson sampling, we consider a pseudo‐population approach and show that the resulting bootstrap weights capture the first three design moments of the sampling error. A simulation study and an example with real survey data are used to illustrate the theory.     

Procedural justice in managerial performance evaluation: Effects of subjectivity,relationship quality,and voice opportunity

This study investigates the effect of subjectivity in performance evaluation on managerial perceptions of procedural justice. Using survey data from a sample of 317 managers, we examine two forms of subjectivity: use and weight of subjective performance measures and ex post flexibility in the weighting of multiple performance measures. We also examine the interaction effects of two contextual factors, superior–manager relationship quality and voice opportunity, on the association between subjectivity and perceived procedural justice. The results suggest that only the superior's use of ex post flexibility in weighting multiple performance measures adversely affects managers' perceptions of procedural justice. Moreover, superior–manager relationship quality reduces the negative effects of ex post flexibility in weighting multiple performance measures on procedural justice, whereas voice opportunity amplifies this negative effect. These findings have practical and theoretical implications, as they shed new light on the trade-off between the informative benefits and perceived unfairness of incorporating subjectivity into performance evaluation.