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311.
The oil shock of 1973 and the subsequent world recession have drastically demonstrated the weakness of countries dependent on external energy supplies. In the following, Guido Brunner, the competent Member of the Commission of the European Communities, describes the changes we are facing in the energy field and what the Community is doing to face up to them.
相似文献312.
This paper studies the nexus between financial and non-financial foreign direct investment in Transition Economies, which are members of the EU. Three questions, which are pointed out in the theoretical literature, are discussed in the paper. We use a dataset for nine Transition Economies over the period 1996–2007, for most regressions we apply GMM and for one regression 2SLS. The empirical results lead to three important statements: non-financial FDI is positively affected by financial services FDI and by market potential. Foreign banks in the EU Transition Economies are mainly driven by non-financial FDI and the capital intensity of a country. FDI crowds out domestic investment in the manufacturing sector. 相似文献
313.
314.
Jörg Guido Hülsmann 《Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics》2008,11(3-4):208-218
This paper discusses Ludwig von Mises's proposals for monetary reform. We will largely focus on technical aspects—the concrete practical steps he recommended—without detailing how these relate to his general conceptions of money and of a sound monetary order. We will highlight two characteristic features of Mises's proposals. One, he stressed the role of the competitive market process and of private initiative in establishing a monetary order based on gold, effective gold coin circulation, and 100% reserve banking. Two, he presented an original scheme for privatizing the control of the money supply. 相似文献
315.
Jörg Guido Hülsmann 《Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics》2001,4(4):55-70
We have discussed four areas in which Frédéric Bastiat has made important contributions to economic theory. These contributions have had lasting value and are liable to enrich current research in the Austrian tradition. Bastiat’s great themes-harmony rather than equilibrium, property versus spoliation, and property and value-have been almost completely neglected in professional economic science during the unfortunate twentieth century. It is therefore time to return to the works of this genius and to build on some of the foundations he has laid. 相似文献
316.
317.
Guido Friebel 《Economics of Transition》2000,8(1):37-57
The paper analyses the implementation of voucher privatization in Russia in the framework of incentive theory. The central government needs the support of local privatization agencies. These agencies possess private knowledge concerning: a) their personal reform attitude; b) local privatization conditions. According to the trade-off between rent extraction and efficiency, the speed of privatization (the efficiency goal) is constrained by the informational rents that the government must pay to local agents. Through voucher privatization, the government learns about local privatization conditions. Surprisingly, this additional information does not necessarily lead to more privatization. In fact, the government may even slow down reforms in order to save on bureaucrats' rents. This result of the model matches with the facts of Russian privatization in the period 1992–93. 相似文献
318.
We employ a Bayesian normal hierarchical model to investigate the relationship between intention and behavior as it is posited
by Ajzen and Fishbein’s theory of planned behavior (TPB). Area of application is the field of environmental behavior. Eleven
studies reporting correlations between intention and behavior were identified. Our Bayesian hierarchical model expects a correlation
of r
xy
= 0.54 between those variables. This effect size is above average with regard to meta-analyses, which include other, non-environmental
areas of application. 相似文献
319.
320.
Government risk premiums in the bond market: EMU and Canada 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ludger Schuknecht Jürgen von Hagen Guido Wolswijk 《European Journal of Political Economy》2009,25(3):371
This paper focuses on risk premiums paid by central governments in Europe and sub-national governments in Germany, Spain, and Canada, using data for bond yield spreads for the period 1991–2005. We find that risk premiums by central governments respond positively to debt and deficits; German states enjoyed a favourable position in financial markets before EMU but not thereafter; Spanish and Canadian provinces risk premiums over the whole period; German and Spanish sub-central governments pay liquidity-related interest rate premiums; Canadian and German provinces/states that benefit from fiscal equalization lower spreads. This is evidence of market discipline at work and of credibility of the EU no-bailout clause. 相似文献