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71.
Joseph T. O'leary Jean Behrens‐Tepper Francis A. Mcguire F. Dominic Dotta Vio 《Leisure Sciences: An Interdisciplinary Journal》2013,35(4):225-233
Abstract Hunting participation, as indicated in the 1983 Nationwide Recreation Survey, is examined to determine the relationship between age of first hunting experience and adult level of participation. A statistically significant association between these two variables is found. In addition, more than 83 percent of those who hunt began their involvement by 18 years of age. The findings have implications for future hunting participation and the provision of programs for hunters. 相似文献
72.
For years, policymakers, business leaders, human resources professionals, and economists have attempted to explain the existence of unemployment. Unemployment inhibits the economic growth of a nation and contributes to the problem of ongoing poverty, which cannot be lessened without that growth. Understanding the causes of unemployment and developing policies and programs to decrease it are vitally important for nations around the world, but one key variable in the study of unemployment has been overlooked. That variable is culture. This article will show that culture can significantly explain cross‐national differences in unemployment rates and offers a link to understanding the global problem of poverty that plagues nations today. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
73.
Labour economists typically assume that pay differences between occupations can be explained with variations in productivity. The empirical evidence on the validity of this assumption is surprisingly thin and subject to various potential biases. The authors use matched employer-employee panel data from Belgium for the years 1999–2006 to examine occupational productivity-wage gaps. They find that occupations play distinct roles for remuneration and productivity: while the estimations indicate a significant upward-sloping occupational wage-profile, the hypothesis of a flat productivity-profile cannot be rejected. The corresponding pattern of over- and underpayment stands up to a series of robustness tests. 相似文献
74.
Little is known about how various strategic orientation dimensions determine market orientation. The authors identify four key dimensions of a firm's strategic orientation as critical antecedents to market orientation: the firm's aggressiveness, its future orientation, the extent of marketing formalization, and risk proclivity. Moderating effects of two environmental forces, competitive intensity and technology turbulence, are also considered in light of their relationship with various dimensions of strategic orientation and market orientation. Using a survey with firms spanning multiple industries, the proposed effects are tested with latent class analysis with multiple regimes. The results, based on an optimal two-regime solution, show that that although market orientation is significantly impacted by these strategic orientation dimensions, the pattern of influence differs based on a firm's membership in one of two regimes. 相似文献
75.
The aim of this paper is to show that inequalities of wealth can be necessary conditions to explain the apparition and rise of a capitalistic system. We try to highlight Marx's insights on primitive accumulation. Our dynamic framework is consistent with Roemer's idea of endogenous class stratification. We extend this calculation by incorporating some features of the Pasinetti–Samuelson–Modigliani model, and provide an example of possible microfoundations. 相似文献
76.
Franck Galtier Fran?ois Bousquet Martine Antona Pierre Bommel 《Journal of Evolutionary Economics》2012,22(1):161-201
As the information relative to endowments, costs and preferences is dispersed among many agents, the quality of resource allocation
depends on the ability of markets to communicate information inside the economic system. Because information is transferred
through negotiation and transaction behaviors, the network of trading relations defines the channels through which it flows.
In the present study, we use new computational tools to analyze the performance of two wholesale trade institutions widely
used around the world: network trading and marketplace trading. Whilst network trading and marketplace trading disseminate
far fewer bits of information than a perfectly transparent benchmark market, they often manage to generate an allocation of
resources that is almost as good. In many cases, network trading proves more effective than marketplace trading (contrary
to a common preconception). This surprising performance of network trading is linked to a form of indirect arbitrage induced
by connections between networks. Implications for market design and public policy making are presented, along with prospects
for further research. 相似文献
77.
Recent methodological developments provide a way to incorporate the temporal dimension when accounting for spatial effects in hedonic pricing. Weight matrices should decompose the spatial effects into two distinct components: bidirectional contemporaneous spatial connections; and unidirectional spatio-temporal effects from past transactions. Our iterative estimation approach explicitly analyses the role of time in price determination. The results show that both spatio-temporal components should be included in model specification; past transaction information stops contributing to price determination after eight months; and limited temporal friction is exhibited within this period. These findings highlight the decidedly non-linear temporal patterns of such information effects. 相似文献
78.
Abstract We review recent advances in the field of decision making under uncertainty or ambiguity. We start with a presentation of the general approach to a decision problem under uncertainty, as well as the ‘standard’ Bayesian treatment and issues with this treatment. We present more general approaches (Choquet expected utility, maximin expected utility, smooth ambiguity and so forth) that have been developed in the literature under the name of models of ambiguity sensitive preferences. We draw a distinction between fully subjective models and models incorporating explicitly some information. We review definitions and characterizations of ambiguity aversion in these models. We mention the challenges posed by some of the models presented. We end with a review of part of the experimental literature and applications of these models to economic settings. 相似文献
79.
Technological experience and the technology adoption decisions in small manufacturing firms 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper investigates changes in factors bearing on technology adoption decisions in small manufacturing firms. It is hypothesized that, as a firm's experience with technology increases and its technological capabilities grow, the decision process is gradually modified and puts more weight on those factors which are more closely related to the true potential of the technology. An empirical study shows the more innovative firms to have an outward orientation dominated by clients and suppliers, and to pay more attention to the added flexibility brought about by new technology. It is also shown that functional groups within the company play a more important role in the decision-making process. 相似文献
80.
Summary. Within the framework proposed by Mussa and Rosen (1978) for modelling quality differentiation, consumers are assumed to make
mutually exclusive purchases. A unique pure strategy equilibrium exists in this case. In this note, we allow consumers to
buy simultaneously different variants of the differentiated good. We call this the “joint purchase option”. The paper proposes
a detailed analysis of price competition when this option is opened: first, we show that either uniqueness, or multiplicity,
or absence of price equilibrium arise, depending on the utility derived from joint purchase relative to exclusive purchase.
Second, we characterize these equilibria, whenever they exist.
Received: July 25, 2001; revised version: October 21, 2002
RID="*"
ID="*" The second author gratefully acknowledges the financial support from Interuniversity Attraction Pole Program- Belgian
State- Federal Office for Scientific, Technical and Cultural Affairs under contract PAI 5/26.
Correspondence to: X.Y. Wauthy 相似文献