重大突发公共卫生事件科技研发应急体系运行机制研究

在突发事件应急管理过程中,科技研发支撑作用十分关键,亟需建立突发公共卫生事件科研应急体系长效运行机制。基于科技研发应急体系的复杂性、适应性特征,从主体属性和体系架构两个层面入手,分析重大突发公共卫生事件科技研发应急体系的复杂适应系统特征,运用复杂适应系统理论模型和动态闭环螺旋模型,研究重大突发公共卫生事件科技研发应急体系运行机制。研究发现,重大突发公共卫生事件背景下,科技研发应急体系具有复杂适应系统的7个基本特征,是典型的复杂适应系统;科技研发应急体系中,科研攻关专家组、诊疗医院、科技部门等科研主体具有各自内部模型,并通过6大标识进行聚集;科技研发应急体系存在事件—需求引导、主体协同、资源交互、成果转化机制。同时,新冠病毒肺炎疫情应对实践表明,疫情防控救治进程中科技研发应急体系存在并遵循上述运行机制。     

Determinants of residential water demand in Germany

We econometrically analyze the impact of several economic, environmental and social determinants for the per capita demand for water in about 600 water supply areas in Germany. Besides prices, income and household size, we consider the effects of population age, the share of wells, housing patterns, precipitation and temperature. We also explore why current per capita residential water consumption in the new federal states is about 30% lower than in the old federal states. Since average cost pricing may cause an endogeneity problem, we apply instrumental-variable procedures in addition to single equation ordinary least squares, but find no evidence that prices are endogenous. Our estimation results suggest that the price elasticity of water demand in Germany is around − 0.24. The income elasticity is positive, decreases with higher income levels and is at least three times higher in the new federal states than in the old federal states. Current differences in prices and income levels explain about one third of the gap in residential water use between the two regions. Household size and the share of wells have a negative impact on per capita water demand, and water use increases with age. Finally, the findings provide some evidence that rainfall patterns rather than total rainfall affect water consumption, while temperature appears to have no impact at all. All outcomes are robust to a log-log and two types of semi-log specifications for the water demand function.     

中欧贸易发展潜力的实证分析——基于贸易引力模型

中欧互为重要的贸易伙伴对象,在当前国际经济复杂多变的背景下,尤其是英国"脱欧"的影响下,中欧之间贸易的稳定发展对双方都有重要的战略意义。文章在阐述中欧贸易发展现状的基础上,通过贸易紧密度和互补性分析,发现中欧间贸易紧密度呈现下降的趋势,中欧间的贸易互补性较低。通过扩展的贸易引力模型对1999~2014年间中欧双边贸易的实证分析中发现中欧贸易发展的潜力,趋近于贸易"饱和"。建议开展双边自贸谈判,通过建立中欧自贸区来扩大双边贸易的发展。     

A method for reducing information asymmetry in destination–airline relationships

We propose a measure of business risk in air travel demand at the route level that can reduce information asymmetry during route development negotiations between tourism destinations and airlines. Aviation-exposed risk (AER) conveys information about the level of uncertainty with regard to air travel demand from an airline’s perspective. Using AER, tourism destinations and air service development teams can evaluate their risks from the perspective of the airline and its network. From there, an assessment can be made as to the value of air services in certain circumstances, including whether a direct underwrite or risk share between airlines and destinations is viable and necessary. By applying a portfolio analysis to an airline’s network, we find evidence that AER does indeed mimic the actual capacity distribution of the network. This provides support for AER as a useful risk measure to be used in practice.     

科教兴镇战略与科技进步 --以辽宁省建平县哈拉道口镇为例

辽西资源重镇-哈拉道口镇继科技兴国战略之后,提出科教兴镇战略.本文阐述了该镇科教兴镇的现状及存在的问题,大胆提出了在乡镇科技进步中建立科技园区、引进优秀科技人才等对策建议.     

基于投入产出表和社会核算矩阵的水利投资乘数效应测算

利用投入产出表和其他数据编制完成的水利投入产出表和水利社会核算矩阵可以用来分析水利投资的乘数效应。经测算表明:与IO乘数分析法相比,SAM乘数分析法在评价水利投资的后向经济效应时可以提供更为全面的信息;水利投资将大幅增加居民收入并对国民经济产生积极的影响;不同水利部门的投资乘数存在较大的差异,了解这种差异有利于水利投资结构的优化;在IO乘数模型中水利投资的GDP乘数为1.022,而在SAM乘数模型中这一乘数为1.238,两者的结果均表明受影响较大的主要是一些重工业、能源与农业部门。     

融资融券在我国的发展研究

融资融券交易业务是与证券现货交易对应的一种证券交易业务。融资融券交易业务是证券市场上证券公司同投资者之间发生的资金或证券的借贷关系,可以分为证券市场融资交易和证券市场融券交易两方面。我国刚刚在市场上公开融资融券业务,还有很多不成熟的地方并且面临着融资融券带来的风险。对融资融券进行分析和研究,通过对比和比较的方法,选择适合我国的融资融券发展模式并提出相关对策建议,为我国的证券市场保驾护航,保障投资者的利益。     

mLearning as a softer visitor management approach for sustainable tourism

With increased visitation to protected natural areas over the last four decades, there is a need for implementation of effective visitor management strategies at these sites to mitigate visitor impacts. This study explores the application of mobile learning (mLearning) in environmental interpretation and visitor education within the context of conservation and sustainable tourism. Specifically, it proposes a conceptual framework for mLearning as a visitor management tool for sustainable tourism. Current developments and innovations in mobile broadband networks, smartphone technology, and mobile software applications present opportunities for the utilization of such mobile-driven applications in interpretive programs to encourage free-choice learning and mindful visitor experiences. If effectively implemented, such interpretive programs and mLearning applications can affect visitor perceptions, attitudes, and future intentions toward conservation and environmental protection.     

Transformation and Rebirth of Chinese Brands: A Case From the Hotel Industry

ABSTRACT

Chinese domestic brands have developed rapidly in recent years, and yet few of them have entered global competition as product or service brands brands with exceptions such as Huawei. In addition, the evolution of Chinese brands has hardly been understood or introduced properly by international business educators. In this article, we identify the development patterns of Chinese domestic brands by using a local hotel brand as an example. Particularly, we examine and discuss how a Chinese brand can be established with specific positioning, brand image, and product offering, as well as how the brand can grow by vertical and horizontal extensions based on balancing market opportunities and the brand’s own capabilities. Moreover, we expect this research to facilitate the understanding of Chinese brands among international business education.     

Benchmarking:企业经营运作新方法

Benchmarking是国外八十年代发展起来的一种新型经营管理方法 ,正在被世界上越来越多的大公司所采用 ,并在竞争中取得了显著成效。其思想基础、观察角度、基本步骤对我们现有企业的经营运作、摆脱困境都是一个很好的启示