情景教学——旅游英语教学的有效方法

教师可通过用声音创设情景,运用多媒体展示情景以及让学生参与情景的创设,为学生创造一个心情舒畅、充满乐趣、便于诱发想象能力的情景。激发学生学习英语的潜力,提高学习英语的效率。     

我国养老保险体制改革的财政学分析

我国已经并即将更为严峻地面临着人口老龄化所带来的养老保险体制的财务平衡问题。为此，必须寻找一条规避不足清偿风险、消化转制成本、实现财务平衡的改革之路。但我国目前的财政理论、财政收入结构、养老保险费的征缴以及财政支出结构都不能满足改革的要求。文章在分析我国财政困境的基础上，从财政学的角度对我国养老保险体制的改革框架做了分析。     

论普通商事仲裁管辖对法院管辖的排除

有效的仲裁协议是仲裁机构受理商事纠纷的前提，也是排除法院管辖权的依据。当事人有关仲裁协议有效性的争议将会动摇仲裁管辖的基础。本文从分析仲裁管辖的依据入手，探讨了仲裁管辖与法院管辖之间的界限，结合国际上仲裁管辖制度的最新发展，提出我国应进一步放宽对仲裁管辖权的限制，以促进仲裁事业的发展。     

浅谈大数据时代下管理会计的发展与变革

大数据对于管理会计的发展与变革具有前所未有的促进作用.一方面,大数据为管理会计的内部报告功能增强数据支持力度;另一方面,也进一步增加了管理会计的内涵与活力.管理会计基于大数据背景,实现了拓展服务范围和全链条的动态化管理.在实践过程中,企事业单位的管理会计活动时常出现各种问题,如理论脱离实际、信息壁垒与信息安全漏洞并存,已经成为管理会计正常发展的掣肘.因此,大数据时代下企事业单位应用管理会计不仅需要转变思想观念,积极探索个性化改革方案,也需要建立健全信息化管理体制,突破信息壁垒局限,还需要重视安全管理,提高安保水平.     

The Tax Man Cometh: Constitutional Principles for Tax Enforcement

Passage of an Internal Revenue Service (IRS) overhaul bill in 1998 reflects the depth of American taxpayer frustration with the agency. We bring a constitutional, or rules of the game, perspective to tax enforcement. We examine political costs and benefits and agency discretion as reasons why tax enforcement by the government might deviate from the preferences of a representative citizen. We also examine prospects for reform. Lasting reform must alter the rules for deciding tax enforcement policy or the political pressures which yield excessive enforcement today will reemerge in the future.     

Mixed-Strategy Nash Equilibrium Based upon Expected Utility and Quadratic Utility

The notion of a mixed-strategy Nash equilibrium suffers from three inherent difficulties. First, given the equilibrium strategies of other players, there are many best replies. Second, the equilibrium is unstable. Third, comparative statics results are counterintuitive. We demonstrate that these difficulties all have their origin in von Neumann and Morgenstern′s expected utility. In contrast, players with "quadratic utility" have unique best replies and the Nash equilibrium appears to yield intuitive comparative statics results. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Number: C72.     

A Note on Regulating Oligopolistic Industries: A Hierarchical Model

In a 1994 paper, extending the well-known incremental surplus subsidy scheme of Sappington and Sibley, Schwermer presented a non-Bayesian incentive scheme for regulating a Cournot oligopoly industry. This note designs an oligopolistic incentive scheme for a hierarchical Stackelberg model in which firms choose outputs sequentially.     

A duration analysis of privatization in the telecom sector

The paper attempts to identify the telecom-sector performance indicators, relevant economic variables, and institutional characteristics of a country that effect the process of privatization of state-owned telecom enterprises. Using standard duration analysis of a panel data, we demonstrate that the privatization incentives are not only shaped by the mobility of financial capital in a country but are also influenced by the degree of competitiveness of private sector participation in policy-making process. The empirical results also reveal the significant impact of productive efficiency in telecom service provision on its course to privatization. We thank an anonymous referee for helpful comments and suggestions. We are solely responsible for all mistakes.