Digital financial inclusion and investment diversification: Evidence from China

We examine the impact of digital financial inclusion on the diversification of individual stock investments in China using nationwide data from the Chinese Stock Market Individual Investor Survey and the Peking University Digital Financial Inclusion Index of China. We show that digital financial inclusion significantly increases the diversification of individual stock investments, primarily by reducing investors' perceived transaction costs and mitigating investors' limited attention. It also plays a more significant role among investors with lower conventional financial development, lower financial literacy, below 45 years old, shorter investment experience and females. We recommend the continued promotion of digital financial inclusion to optimise asset allocation in Chinese households.     

专利联盟成员技术竞合对成员创新绩效的影响

专利联盟存在竞合现象，联盟成员技术竞合究竟是阻碍创新还是激励创新？着眼于专利联盟成员竞合网络，将技术合作划分为探索式合作和利用式合作，将技术竞争划分为学习型竞争和诉讼型竞争，以2006—2019年MPEGLA公司12个专利联盟的76个成员为研究样本，运用负二项回归实证检验专利联盟成员技术竞合对联盟成员创新绩效的影响。研究发现：探索式合作、利用式合作和学习型竞争有利于成员创新绩效提升，而诉讼型竞争不利于成员创新绩效提升；学习型竞争和诉讼型竞争对双元合作的创新激励效应均具有显著负向调节作用。     

Use of high-frequency data to evaluate the performance of dynamic hedging strategies

The hedging performance results of generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity models are mixed; we address this herein by adopting an asymptotic setting to determine the relative performance of competing hedge ratios. The proxy variable is constructed through precise realized measures rather than through noisy squared returns because the substitution of the latent true hedged portfolio variance with a noisy proxy renders the loss function incapable of ranking forecasts consistently. The merits of allowing some features in modeling the spot–futures distribution are assessed. Empirical comparisons suggest that hedgers may favor the wrong model when the quality of the proxy variable deteriorates.     

新财税政策下的职工基本养老保险最优缴费率测算研究

企业职工基本养老保险缴费率作为养老保险制度的关键性要素,受到专家学者的普遍关注,企业缴费率高、缴费压力大已成为制约企业发展的重要因素。本文综合运用灰色关联、因子分析与回归、动态调整和模拟预测的方法,构建企业基本养老保险缴费率适度水平的因子测算模型,以上海市2008—2019年的数据作为样本进行测算与预测。结果显示:缴费率的适度水平处于19%～23%;增加国有资产划转10%补充社保基金以及中央调剂金制度等参数后,模拟预测2018—2025年的缴费率适度水平在14.8%～18.6%之间,说明企业职工基本养老保险的缴费率有进一步下降的空间。     

Effects of shared characteristics between eco-labels: A case for organic and local food

Food labels are created to reduce information asymmetry and help consumers make better food choices. However, the labels may have unanticipated effects, especially when they share common characteristics that may introduce confusion in making food choices. This study investigates how perceived relationships between different food labels may affect the price premiums of organic and local attributes for milk and fresh strawberries. Results show that the impacts of perception vary by product and label, and different food labels could positively affect price premiums on organic and local products. Results provide policy implications for better labeling and educational programs to reduce inadvertent confusion and improve consumer decision-making.     

Growth and optimal policies in an R&D-growth model with imperfect international capital mobility

In this paper, we examine the effects of international capital mobility on innovation, growth, and optimal growth policies in a small open economy with R&D-driven growth. Households can borrow funds from an imperfect international capital market to finance their investment in R&D firms. We show that the economy can reach a higher growth rate if international capital is more mobile. This result is consistent with recent empirical findings. Moreover, we show that the common growth-enhancing policies, such as patent protection and the R&D subsidies, have an additional negative welfare effect when households can access the international capital market. Accordingly, the optimal patent protection and R&D subsidy should be smaller when the degree of international capital mobility is higher.     

我国东中西部地区创新效率差异研究 ——基于电子及通信设备制造业产业聚集视角

利用2009-2019年我国电子及通信设备制造业省级面板数据，将产业创新过程划分为知识生产与成果转化两个阶段，利用区位熵指数对产业集聚度进行测量，通过Malmquist指数计算区域创新效率，构建两阶段知识生产模型，研究产业集聚对区域创新效率的影响。研究发现，产业集聚与区域创新效率并未呈现传统的东高西低分布特征，并且知识生产阶段的区域创新效率高于成果转化阶段。同时，面板随机前沿回归结果显示，产业集聚阻碍区域创新效率提升，不利于区域创新，而来自政府资金、政策等方面的支持会在知识生产阶段促进区域创新效率提升，在成果转化阶段阻碍区域创新效率提升。最后，根据研究结论，从政府与企业两个方面给出提高区域创新效率的相关建议。     

基于数据价值链的项目型企业数字化转型路径研究——以华为ISDP变革为例

数字经济深入推进使数字化转型成为企业发展的必然选择。针对传统项目型企业转型落后问题，构建项目型企业数字化转型路径，以华为公司项目数字化交付平台(ISDP)变革项目为例，基于数据价值链视角深入剖析企业在数字化转型时所面临的组织管理挑战和数据资源挑战，梳理华为基于ISDP变革的数字化转型内容。在此基础上，提出融合全域数据、规范数据标准、集成应用技术、释放数据价值四阶段路径，并建议项目型企业采用“构建业主—项目型企业—项目部数字纽带”“统一项目分解结构和编码体系”等方法进行变革转型，实现项目标准化，以期对项目型企业数字化转型理论和管理实践有所启示。     

Do investors affect financial analysts’ behavior? Evidence from short sellers

We examine how short sellers affect financial analysts’ forecast behavior using a natural experiment that relaxes short-sale constraints. We find that increased ease of short selling improves analyst earnings forecast quality by reducing forecast bias and increasing forecast accuracy. The improvements can be explained by both the disciplining pressure from short sellers and increased price efficiency from incorporating information in a timely manner. Although it is well documented that financial analysts can affect investors, our paper provides novel evidence on how sophisticated investors, short sellers, can affect analysts.