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991.
Juan Bautista Delgado‐García Ana Isabel Rodríguez‐Escudero Natalia Martín‐Cruz 《Journal of Small Business Management》2012,50(3):408-428
Emotions are important to an individual's behavior. However, affective elements have rarely been included in the analysis of entrepreneurs' behavior. Using a sample of 335 entrepreneurs from multiple industries of the Spanish region of Castile and León, we analyze the role of emotions in entrepreneurs' statement of goals and in their satisfaction with business performance. The results show that positive affective traits influence an entrepreneur to state broad and ambitious goals, and personal negative affective traits influence an entrepreneur to state a narrow set of goals. We also find that positive (negative) affective traits are positively (negatively) related to entrepreneur satisfaction. 相似文献
992.
Victor Owusu Emmanuel Donkor Enoch Owusu‐Sekyere 《Journal of Agricultural Economics》2018,69(2):439-457
Narrowing the gender technology gap in agricultural production has become a critical policy issue in sub‐Saharan Africa. A better understanding of the gender technology gap is essential for policy formulation and programme planning to ensure equity in resource allocation, and household‐level food security in low and middle income countries, such as Ghana. We employ a metafrontier approach to analyse the differences in the efficiency of male and female farmers, recognising the endogeneity of some of the variables in the inefficiency effects model, in particular the credit constraints of the rice farmers under study. Our findings show that while the rice farms themselves are very similar, average yields for male managed farms tend to be significantly higher than female managed farms reflecting higher seeding and fertiliser application rates on male managed farms. However, there is no significant difference between the genders in either land used for rice or total output per farm household. We find some evidence that relative to the metafrontier, male managed farms are less efficient than female managed farms. The results further show gender technology gap amongst the smallholder rice farmers with females’ technology gap ratio being significantly greater than that of males, with females operating on a production frontier closer to the metafrontier. Policies that provide females more access to productive resources and other agricultural services could assist in the generation of relatively higher output. 相似文献
993.
This study examines the downfall of the permanent employment tradition in South Korean manufacturing organizations in the aftermath of the 1997 East Asian economic crisis. We explore whether organizations abandon their traditional institutionalized practices under discontinuous environmental change or despite the change continue these time‐honoured practices. We examine both the organizational factors that inhibit lay‐offs and performance indicators that trigger organizations to re‐evaluate their lifetime employment practices under drastic environmental upheaval. We test our hypotheses on 574 Korean manufacturing organizations and find that under discontinuous change: (1) economic and institutional factors simultaneously apply opposite forces on organizational actions; (2) organizational factors such as poor performance on productivity and export create a need for headcount reductions while factors such as size, domestic ownership, government support, and unionization create social and institutional pressures that inhibit downsizing; and (3) prior experience with downsizing moderates the relationship between institutional factors and further downsizing. 相似文献
994.
Theoretical studies have shown that under unorthodox assumptions on preferences and production technologies, collateral constraints can act as a powerful amplification and propagation mechanism of exogenous shocks. We investigate whether or not this result holds under more standard assumptions. We find that collateral constraints typically generate small output amplification. Large amplification is obtained as a “knife‐edge” type of result. 相似文献
995.
David Austen‐Smith Wioletta Dziuda Brd Harstad Antoine Loeper 《Theoretical Economics》2019,14(4):1483-1534
Why do rational politicians choose inefficient policy instruments? Environmental regulation, for example, often takes the form of technology standards and quotas even when cost‐effective Pigou taxes are available. To shed light on this puzzle, we present a stochastic game with multiple legislative veto players and show that inefficient policy instruments are politically easier to repeal than efficient instruments. Anticipating this, heterogeneous legislators agree more readily on an inefficient policy instrument. We describe when inefficient instruments are likely to be chosen, and predict that they are used more frequently in (moderately) polarized political environments and in volatile economic environments. We show conditions under which players strictly benefit from the availability of the inefficient instrument. 相似文献
996.
Elisabeth Wilson‐Evered Charmine E.J. Hrtel 《Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources》2009,47(3):374-384
Scientific research on employees during pre‐implementation phases of human resource information systems (HRIS) is difficult for a number of reasons. First, the constraints of practitioner research in terms of sample sizes, compliance factors and difficulties with obtaining control or comparison groups discourage research initiatives. Second, project management methods that emphasize cost and time compliance often prohibit the types of delays that research can impose. This study attempts to use psychological research methods combined with project management techniques to inform HRIS implementation methodology. It provides a model of key determinants of successful information systems implementation that should be considered in future projects implementing information systems or other new technologies. This is a first attempt to discover effective implementation methodologies associated with HRIS in the pre‐implementation phase. The research showed that a critical component for the success of the implementation of new HRIS systems is to understand the staff groups' particular needs, concerns and opinions. This study identified important factors associated with the implementation of new human resource information systems. From these findings we can see that the conditions that support successful implementation for HR staff differ from those for line managers. This information is important when designing implementation methodologies and change management strategies. 相似文献
997.
Five case studies have been conducted: four in Canada and one in Germany. The authors of this article were particularly interested in understanding the value of values and meaning in the context of project management implementation and project environments. The article first summarizes the authors' particular approach. It then discusses the five case studies and their findings. These findings will be grouped around the concepts of value of project management and meaningful work. In conclusion, the findings of this study will be summarized across all five case studies and based on a comparative content analysis. 相似文献
998.
999.
Juan Manuel de la Fuente‐Sabaté Julio Rodríguez‐Puerta José David Vicente‐Lorente José Angel Zúñiga‐Vicente 《Managerial and Decision Economics》2007,28(3):171-180
This paper investigates a fundamental issue in the current research on strategic groups: the existence or non‐existence of the so‐called ‘stable strategic time periods’ (SSTPs). Our study provides new evidence by adding new methodological and theoretical insights. The research setting is the Spanish banking industry over a 15‐year period, 1983–1997. Unlike all prior longitudinal research that found SSTPs, the multi‐method procedure that we used in this study (i.e. equality of variance and covariance matrix and mean vector of strategic variables and a subsequent grouping analysis performed through the MCLUST) has led us to reject the existence of SSTPs in the industry under study. Based on these original findings, we conclude by suggesting a proposition which should be corroborated in future empirical studies on strategic groups. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
1000.
Manuel Salas‐Velasco 《The Manchester School》2020,88(4):531-555
This paper evaluated the performance of Spanish secondary schools whose 15‐year‐old students were assessed in mathematical competencies by the OECD (PISA program) in 2003 and 2012. The technique employed was the stochastic frontier analysis for panel data using a sample of schools which participated simultaneously in both waves. First, the parametric measurement of time‐varying technical inefficiency was done in this paper using three standard models. Second, we used the four random component stochastic frontier model proposed by Kumbhakar, Lien, and Hardaker [2014. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 41(2), 321–337] that distinguishes between residual or transient technical inefficiency and persistent technical inefficiency, separated from heterogeneity. Persistent (time invariant) inefficiency was a larger problem than residual (time varying) inefficiency when evaluating the educational performance of Spanish secondary schools over time. Finally, we introduced the recent model recommended by Badunenko and Kumbhakar [2017. European Journal of Operational Research, 260(2), 789–803] to accommodate heteroscedasticity associated with both heterogeneity and the noise terms, incorporating at the same time determinants of both persistent and time‐varying inefficiency. School inefficiency was presumably not caused by something unexpected within each year such as greater difficulty in hiring teachers, but rather by persistent factors such as classroom management—schools with better disciplinary climate tend to be less inefficient in educational production. In addition, we identified the motivation of the students of each school (interest in and enjoyment of mathematics) as the effect of heterogeneity on learning outcomes. 相似文献