茶叶出口贸易问题

茶是位于矿泉水之后世界上消费量最大的饮料.茶的芳香、解渴、保健等特点受到世人青睐,其地位和作用日益重要.人们不仅将饮茶作为享受,而且有意识地通过饮茶来修身养性.目前,全世界20多亿人钟情于茶饮,全球约60个国家种茶,160多个国家和地区喝茶.自20世纪90年代以来,世界茶叶的年消费量一直稳定在250万吨左右.     

企业短信服务系统的设计与实现

文章在分析企业信息处理流程的基础上,设计了企业短信息服务系统。该系统借助于Internet,以TCP/IP协议和移动通信为基础,通过中国联通短信网关将互联网和联通网连接起来,实现异地信息的实时收集及传递,为企业信息发布提供了一个新的解决方法,提高了信息传递及交流的效率,投入使用后,效果良好,满足设计要求。     

Group decision-making: Head-count versus intensity of preference

This paper puts forth a framework for reshaping the group decision-making process. The proposed framework extends from the usual one-issue-at-a-time decision-making to one that involves several related issues simultaneously. Weaknesses of the traditional majority voting mechanism are first identified, and then a different voting method that takes each individual voter's sentiment into account is discussed. Specifically, a decision-maker is asked to express his/her intensity of preference for the issues encountered. Three hierarchical structures—benefits, costs, and risks—are developed to evaluate the alternatives. Due to the nature of pairwise comparisons and synthesis, the proposed method is amenable to consensus building and has higher reliability and consistency. It can be used for candidate selection, e.g. governmental election, when a large population is involved. It is also effective for resource allocation and prioritization when a small group or business is concerned. We believe the proposed approach has potential for resolving deficiencies of the conventional voting mechanism, and can be applied to many real-world problems. Its implementation on the Internet is also discussed.     

上海城市发展中的湿地保护与可持续利用

认为湿地对上海的土地供给、水源补充、生物多样性保护和生态服务具有的重要价值,湿地是上海城市发展的重要战略资源;分析了上海市保护和利用湿地的现状和存在的问题;从泥沙利用、保护区调整、湿地科学利用等方面就上海实现湿地保护和利用协调发展进行了思考;最后从协调机制、功能分区、协调围垦和保护、规范利用、控制污染、法律保障和信息共享等方面提出了促进上海实现湿地保护和利用协调发展的政策建议.     

风险与挑战——中国企业如何应对美国"337条款"

美国是我国重要的贸易伙伴，但同时也是对我国提起反倾销申诉比较多的国家，而中国企业近几年来受到的反倾销调查也是世界最多的，当中国企业逐渐对反倾销调查有所防范时，一种新的贸易壁垒正悄然地被美国企业使用，并且更多地针对中国的企业。比起反倾销来，“337调查”是更能置出口企业于死地的贸易壁垒。然而我国企业显然对此并没有做好充分准备，当这些企业被起诉而接受“337调查”时，竞感到十分意外，他们根本没有关注过“337条款”，更不知道“337条款”到底是什么。可见其法律意识十分淡薄。因此，我国企业需要尽快增强对“337条款”的认识，以便在对美贸易中采取相应的对策。     

Implications of variant efficiency measures for policy evaluations in UK higher education

Policy goals in UK higher education encourage the publicly funded universities to become more-specialised and larger in size without compromising output quality. Efficiency gains are expected to flow from this increased specialisation in accordance with universities’ comparative research and teaching strengths. Mergers to reap further gains from economies of scale are also being actively encouraged. Given this scenario, the paper investigates whether best-practice efficiency measurement based on data envelopment analysis (DEA) provides empirical support for the current policy goals. It also assesses whether such support is dependent on the specific type of efficiency measure used in the DEA modelling. This assessment finds that a selection of (nine) commonly used, variant efficiency measures generally support the current policy goals. The paper also uses the principal-agent framework to explore the issues involved in using computed DEA-based efficiency scores for policy evaluations and possible funding guidance in UK higher education. This highlights empirically how policy-makers and universities can have very different preferences about which efficiency measure is to be used for policy evaluations and possible funding guidance.     

中国股市波动与经济波动的传递性研究

基于1994~2004年度的月份数据,对股市波动与经济波动的关系进行研究。我们采用Schwert(1989)的12阶自回归模型对各经济变量序列的波动性进行估计,并进一步通过Granger因果检验和冲击反应函数考察各波动序列之间的内在关系。检验结果表明:在Granger因果检定中,股市波动并未受到总体经济波动的影响,说明股市在一定程度上反映了当前的经济信息;股市波动与经济波动的冲击反应函数则显示,股市波动与经济波动之间的影响大体在6~8个月以内传递完毕。     

福庆寺剪切带剪切指向标志及剪切方向的确定

福庆寺剪切带中宏观发育S-C面状构造,不对称的透镜状构造(或眼球),由变形变质分异而形成的无根石英脉的不对称状“布丁”等明显可辨的剪切指向标志;显微的糜棱面理(Sm)及剪切条带(Shear bands)、云母的掀斜现象、黄铁矿晶体的压力影、显微破裂等是剪切指向标志在显微域中的表现;糜棱岩中石英光轴组构的不对称性也提供了揭示剪切带运动特点的佐证。刘剪切带线状构造的分类统计,获得该剪切带在韧性变形阶段,a线理(矿物拉伸线理、原生气孔杏仁的拉伸方向)以中—高角度向NE侧状,反映了此阶段剪切带发生了逆冲—左行斜冲剪切运动,在脆性变形阶段,擦痕线理以高角度向SW侧状,则指示了该剪切带在后期活动阶段的高角度右行斜冲剪切运动性质。     

智能计算机辅助教学系统中建构新型教学模式

在分析了当前智能计算机辅助教学系统中存在的各种教学模式的基础上 ,提出了“双主”教学模式 ,即强调同时发挥学生的主体作用和教师的主导作用 ,并详细论述了建立“双主”教学模式的必要性和可行性。     

神府—东胜矿区沙漠化趋势预测与防治措施

神府－东胜矿区在特定的自然地质环境和人为因素的影响下，土地沙漠化呈不断扩展的演化趋势。矿区大规模的开发建设，更加速了沙漠化进展。本文利用典型地段的沙漠化发展速率，依据矿区总体设计规模，对矿区自然沙漠化趋势和开矿新增沙漠化土地面积进行了定量预测，并提出了相应的防治措施。