人民币实际有效汇率变动对就业的影响——基于中国制造业企业层面的分析

汇率变动会影响到进出口产品（包括中间投入品）的价格,改变企业的出口竞争力和生产规模,进而影响企业对劳动力的需求,表现为就业创造和就业破坏两种效应。使用1998—2007年的微观企业面板数据和固定效应计量方法,并将实际有效汇率对就业的冲击分解为破坏效应和创造效应,分析人民币实际有效汇率变动对我国就业的溢出效应。结果表明,对于出口企业,实际有效汇率上升（人民币升值）的就业创造和就业破坏效应同时存在,且影响系数大致相当,其总体就业情况并没有受到实质性的影响;但人民币升值对我国制造业的整体劳动力需求会产生显著的负面冲击,加重就业压力。因此,当前人民币不宜大幅过快升值。     

基于共生理论的大学科技园集群创新能力研究

共生合作创新是产业集群创新能力提升的有效途径。从共生理论出发,定性分析大学科技园多种产业共生创新能力的主要关键因子为高新技术企业、创新环境、多种产业间的合作共生与竞争等;采用定量化研究手段,探究大学科技园集群共生模式下创新能力与4个关键因子间的函数关系,并给出相应的数学模型;最后通过实例验证模型的有效性、合理性,为大学科技园集群创新理论的微观机理研究奠定一定理论基础。     

Organizational Change in Difficult Times: A Case Study on the Top Management Team of Founder Group from 1999 to 2008

This paper examines organizational changes in Founder Group during 1999–2008, one of the leading computer manufacturers in China. It aims to reveal the basic logic behind the top management team’s behaviors for organizational change in firms facing difficulties. Results show that building a strong management team is a prerequisite for successful organizational changes. Furthermore, there is evidence indicating that top managers should make strategic adjustment, and seek solution to cash-flow-related problems to achieve successful organizational transition.     

基于索洛余值法的装备制造业原始创新能力对经济增长的贡献率测度

通过引入索洛余值法并建立我国装备制造业生产函数模型,对1999-2009年我国装备制造业的科技进步贡献率进行测度和分析。结果表明:科技进步因素在装备制造业经济增长中日显重要,我国装备制造业单纯依赖于资本并不能取得长足发展,只有不断提高创新能力、尤其是原始创新能力,才能实现可持续发展。     

The Impact of Non-Labor Income Given Job Heterogeneity on Household Time Allocation: The Evidence from China

This paper proposes a theoretical framework based on new household economic theories. A dataset from the 2006 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) is used. Given heterogeneity in major family members’ jobs, the effect of non-labor income on household time allocation is discussed under two scenarios: jobs with flexible work hours and jobs with fixed work hours in the market. Based on the nature of the employer the major family member works for, employers can be categorized into four categories: government-owned, family contract, privately-owned, and foreign-funded. Each of the four categories is used for dissecting the data into different sets for analysis by category. The results imply that job heterogeneity is significantly correlated to household time allocation. An increase in non-labor income results in a decrease in the time allocated to housework for all households. However, leisure time is allocated differently among different households due to job heterogeneity. An increase in non-labor income leads to less leisure time for households working for government-owned or foreign-funded enterprises, and more leisure time for households working for family contract or privately-owned enterprises.     

Upgrading from OEM to OBM through Reverse Acquisition in China’s Emerging Economy: The Case of Lacquer Craft Mfg

In this paper, we review how original equipment manufacturing (OEM) firms break the “lock in the global value chains” (GVCs) and upgrade to original/own brand manufacturing (OBM) through accelerated internationalization. We focus on investigating how Lacquer Craft Mfg (later referred to as Lacquer Craft), an OEM firm in southern China successfully upgraded to OBM through reverse acquisitions. By proactively utilizing the resources (including the mindset or perspectives formulated) generated from practicing OEM, Lacquer Craft developed the needed capabilities to build its own brand in an international setting. Lacquer Craft’s successful experiences show that in a globalized economy, the ability to identify and exploit opportunities to link with established players, and the ability to search, acquire, and integrate strategic assets from the developed world rather than replicating the entire previous technological trajectory greatly facilitate the OEM firm in climbing up the value-added ladder and upgrading to OBM. This is a more aggressive upgrading approach. Its experiences also reveal that a firm’s product and technological upgrading strategies are closely interwoven with its internationalization strategy.     

Carrot or Stick? The Role of In-Group/Out-Group on the Multilevel Relationship Between Authoritarian and Differential Leadership and Employee Turnover Intention

The aim of this study is to develop an integrative model linking the effect of authoritarian leadership (at the individual level) and differential leadership (at the team level) on employee turnover intention, and further explore the moderating role of the in-group/out-group on the above-mentioned relationships. We collected a sample of 624 supervisor–subordinate dyads from 87 teams in Mainland China and Taiwan. We find that, at the individual level, authoritarian leadership is positively related with employee turnover intention, and the relationship will be enhanced especially when the subordinate is an in-group member (rather than an out-group member). Through hierarchical linear modeling analysis, we find a negative relationship between differential leadership and employee turnover intention, significantly moderated by the within-team mean degree and the within-team variance degree of in-group/out-group. Contributions, limitations, and future research directions are discussed.     

Integrating consumers’ motives with suppliers’ solutions to combat Shanzhai: A phenomenon beyond counterfeit

Imitation goods are widely spread throughout the global business world. Shanzhai imitation (

) represents a type of imitation that mimics the original brand through surface or functional similarities but often provides enhanced or innovative features adapted to local market needs. Although both practitioners and academics have studied and provided solutions to combat counterfeits, solutions for original brand manufacturers to address threats from Shanzhai products are lacking. In this article, we first differentiate Shanzhai products from counterfeits. Using a mixed-method approach that combines interviews and laboratory experiment results, we then identify social, individual, functional, and financial (SIFF) factors as driving forces behind consumers’ purchasing of Shanzhai products. Shanzhai buyers place more weight on functional value and price/quality ratio than do counterfeit buyers, who in turn favor social value and materialism more than Shanzhai buyers. Finally, we provide several recommendations to original manufacturers from both the demand and supply sides.     

单频网多播系统中的开环半动态功率分配算法

在单频网多播传输中,传统的全反馈动态功率分配数算法需要根据每个时隙反馈的用户瞬时信道信息进行实时的调整,所以造成了资源分配频率快、上行反馈开销大的缺点。为了克服这个缺点,提出了一个低复杂度、没有用户反馈的单频网多播开环半动态功率分配算法。首先在各小区等功率分配的假设下,根据单频网的形状信息算出各小区等价信道增益,然后再根据这个增益值,实现满足速率需求情况下的各小区功率分配。仿真结果显示,与全反馈的动态功率分配算法相比,该算法以一小部分性能损失为代价,大大减少了单频网的上行反馈和资源分配的开销,因此更适用于实际的单频网多播系统。