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961.
Niranjan CHIPALKATTI K. RAMESHA Meenakshi RISHI 《Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics》2007,78(4):567-594
ABSTRACT ** : Urban Cooperative banks in India (UCBs) play an important role in mobilizing resources from lower and middle-income groups and in providing direct finance to small entrepreneurs and traders. Motivated by previous empirical work on depositor disciplining behaviour, this paper examines whether depositors punish weak UCBs by withdrawing deposits during and after a banking crisis. In addition, the paper investigates the impact of tightened prudential standards imposed by the Indian central bank (RBI) on the ratio of investments to loan assets and on the rate of growth of loans. Our sample of 45 UCBs is partitioned into strong and weak banks and subjected to econometric testing. Our analysis reveals that a banking crisis is associated with a contraction in deposits across the sample. However, weak banks appear to be disciplined by depositors during election years. We also find weak support for the contention that banks reduced loans when faced with intensified regulatory scrutiny in the aftermath of a crisis. 相似文献
962.
963.
P. K. Thornton 《Journal of Agricultural Economics》1989,40(2):198-208
A beef simulation model was used to examine a range of production possibilities for increasing the output of extensive ranching systems in the tropical savannas of eastern Colombia through the use of sown grass-legume pastures of higher inherent digestibility than that of the native species. Generalised stochastic dominance was used to compare some promising alternatives with the unimproved savanna-based production system and with each other. As the planning horizon of the decision maker was reduced, so variability, measured as the coefficient of variation of output, increased significantly. The impact of risk on the long-term acceptability of a complete investment was limited. 相似文献
964.
965.
966.
The continuing and deepening economic reforms in China have brought many changes both socially and economically to the society. The primary function of auditing in China has begun to shift away from the traditional tax compliance assessment towards the credibility lending to financial statements. The economic reforms and the development of the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises have necessitated the parallel development of auditing standards in China. While some significant differences exist, the new Chinese auditing standards are, in a number of important aspects, similar to the professional standards promulgated by the International Federation of Accountants. The development of a comprehensive body of standards, auditor independence, the role of certain auditing techniques, and certified public accountant (CPA) population are the major areas that China needs to improve. Opening up the Chinese accounting industry will trigger significant advances in the implementation of Chinese standards and the development of the Chinese accounting profession. 相似文献
967.
Summary We consider in this paper the transient behaviour of the queuing system in which (i) the input, following a Poisson distribution,
is in batches of variable numbers; (ii) queue discipline is ‘first come first served’, it being assumed that the batches are
pre-ordered for service purposes; and (iii) service time distribution is hyper-exponential withn branches. The Laplace transform of the system size distribution is determined by applying the method of generating functions,
introduced in queuing theory byBailey [1]. However, assuming steady state conditions to obtain, the problem is completely solved and it is shown that by suitably
defining the traffic intensity factor,ϱ, the value,p
0, of the probability of no delay, remains the same in this case of batch arrivals also as in the case of single arrivals.
The Laplace transform of the waiting time distribution is also calculated in steady state case from which the mean waiting
time may be calculated. Some of the known results are derived as particular cases. 相似文献
968.
969.
970.
This paper analyses acreage response of major crops in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and in the prairies as a whole during the period 1958 to 1969 and forecasts crop acreages in each province. Four recurrent programming models, one for each province and one for the prairies as a whole, were developed. Major crops included in the model are wheat, oats, barley, rye flaxseed, rapeseed and summerfallow. The recursive programming models explained the land utilization pattern in all the provinces and the prairies with reasonable accuracy. The acreage forecasts for 1971 were close to the observed acreages for wheat, oats, rye and summerfallow, but were different for barley, flaxseed and rapeseed. Price, stocks, exports, precipitation and the preceding year's crop acreage were found to be significant variables affecting prairie land utilization patterns. In response to an agricultural policy designed for changing land use, prairie farmers can substantially change their crop acreages even in a year's time. Responses to a policy may also vary by crops. This study also suggests that interrelationsliips among crops should be considered for developing agricultural land use policy. Returns from alternative crops should be examined for ascertaining the effectiveness of the policy. Ce document analyse la réaction mix conditions exislantes des acres de principales récoltes du Manitoba, de la Saskatchewan, de ?Alberta et de ?ensemble des Prairies durant la période de 1958, a 1969, et prédit les superficies qui seront cttltivées en 1971 dans chaque province. Quatre modèles de programmes, récurrents tin pour ?ensemble des Prairies et tin pour chacun des provinces, out été préparés. Les principales récoltes comprises dans le modèle sont le blé, ?avoine, ?orge, le seigle, le tin, le colza et la jachère. Les modèles des programmes récurrents expliqucnt ?une facon plus ou moins exacte la mode ?utilisation des terres dans toutes les provinces. Les prédictions se rapportent aux superficies en acres pour 1971 se rapproclient des superficies qui out été cultivées à?égard du blé. de ?avoine, due seigle el de la jachére, mais files différaient quant a ?orge le tin et le colza. Le prix, les stocks en main, les exportations, les précipitations et les superficies cultivées de ?année précédente sont des variables importantes influant le mode ?utilisation des terres dans les Prairies. En résponse à un programme agricole destinéà changer ?utilisation des terres, les agriculeurs des Prairies peuvent change les superficies de leurs récoltes dans ?espace ?un an. La reaction à un programme peat attssi varicr scion la récolte. Cette étude estiine en outre que ?on devrait considérer la corrélation entre les récoltes pour élaborer un programme ?utilisation des terres agricoles. Les recettes tirées de diverses récoltes devraient être examinées pour vérifier ?efficacité du programme. 相似文献