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11.
Sabine A. E. Geurts Debby G. J. Beckers Toon W. Taris Michiel A. J. Kompier Peter G. W. Smulders 《Journal of Business Ethics》2009,84(2):229-241
This study examined whether worktime control buffered the impact of worktime demands on work–family interference (WFI), using data from 2,377 workers from various sectors of industry in The Netherlands. We distinguished among three types of worktime demands: time spent on work according to one’s contract (contractual hours), the number of hours spent on overtime work (overtime hours), and the number of hours spent on commuting (commuting hours). Regarding worktime control, a distinction was made between having control over days off and vacations (leave control) and having control over starting and finishing times (flextime). These three worktime demands were expected to have separate as well as joint effects on WFI, whereas worktime control should buffer these adverse effects of worktime demands on WFI. Stepwise regression analyses showed that working high numbers of contractual and overtime hours was indeed associated with high WFI. Further, worktime control indeed made a difference in terms of WFI: whereas leave control contributed directly to lower WFI, flextime buffered the adverse effects of long contractual workhours. Our results suggest that very long working days should be prevented, and that worktime control may be a powerful tool to help workers maintaining a good work–family balance. 相似文献
12.
Summary This paper performs a meta-analysis of empirical estimates of uncompensated labour supply elasticities. For the Netherlands,
we find that an elasticity of 0.5 for women and 0.1 for men is a good reflection of what the literature reveals. The elasticity
for men hardly differs between countries, but for women some cross-country variation is found. The increasing participation
rate of women may lead to a somewhat lower elasticity in the future. Both the specification of the hours function and the
estimation method are found to affect elasticity estimates.
相似文献
13.
The Biofuel Controversy 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Summary About a decade ago, the main OECD countries decided to promote the use of biofuels so as to reduce greenhouse gases, to contribute
to energy self-sufficiency and to create additional demand for agricultural commodities. The introduction of mandatory blending
requirements and lavish subsidies spurred fast adoption of this technology. In the course of 2008, the already existing controversy
about the effectiveness of this strategy culminated as the resulting upward shift in demand contributed to staggering rises
in food prices on world markets. It is uncertain as yet whether this will tone done current ambitions among policy makers
to expand biofuel production. The paper shows that high ratios of energy prices to food prices are needed to make biofuel
production profitable without the mandatory blending and subsidies. Yet, even if food-based biofuels disappeared, the issue
remains that rising high energy prices will promote intensified use worldwide of land for energy crops, requiring huge amounts
of mineral fertilizers and putting nature under additional pressure. In policy terms, this defines three major tasks. The
first is replacing the current excise taxes on energy carriers by a uniform carbon tax, so as to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions
in an efficient manner, the second to prevent price fluctuations on the oil markets from destabilizing food markets, as happened
in recent years. Introduction of upper limits on the use of food for biofuel could prove effective here. The third, much wider,
task is to make the transition to a partly biomass based energy production possible and sustainable, that is establishing
fair distribution of property and user rights over the lands, while safeguarding biodiversity and soil fertility and maintaining
adequate labour standards and living conditions, also during periods that these become non-profitable following a drop in
energy prices.
The authors thank Lia van Wesenbeeck for her comments. 相似文献
14.
Merlijn Van Rijswijk Marcel Kleijn Michiel Janson Ernst Menten 《Technology Analysis & Strategic Management》2008,20(3):309-320
In 2005 the Netherlands drafted a new innovation policy, consisting of a basic package for all entrepreneurs and a programme-based package aimed at supporting the Dutch industry in achieving global excellence in a limited number of (business) areas. The programme-based package is characterized by an integral approach, resulting in user-driven public-private innovation programmes. In the new approach, industrial foresight processes are integrated with actual policy implementation. In this paper, we include the lessons learned during the process that led to the first innovation programmes. Also, some unresolved issues in the new approach are discussed. 相似文献
15.
Daniel L. McFadden Albert C. Bemmaor Francis G. Caro Jeff Dominitz Byung-Hill Jun Arthur Lewbel Rosa L. Matzkin Francesca Molinari Norbert Schwarz Robert J. Willis Joachim K. Winter 《Marketing Letters》2005,16(3-4):183-196
Measures of households' past behavior, their expectations with respect to future events and contingencies, and their intentions
with respect to future behavior are frequently collected using household surveys. These questions are conceptually difficult.
Answering them requires elaborate cognitive and social processes, and often respondents report only their “best” guesses and/or
estimates, using more or less sophisticated heuristics. A large body of literature in psychology and survey research shows
that as a result, responses to such questions may be severely biased. In this paper, (1) we describe some of the problems
that are typically encountered, (2) provide some empirical illustrations of these biases, and (3) develop a framework for
conceptualizing survey response behavior and for integrating structural models of response behavior into the statistical analysis
of the underlying economic behavior. 相似文献
16.
Ulrich A. Müller Michel M. Dacorogna Richard B. Olsen Olivier V. Pictet Matthias Schwarz Claude Morgenegg 《Journal of Banking & Finance》1990,14(6)
In this paper we present a statistical analysis of four foreign exchange spot rates against the U.S. Dollar with several million intra-day prices over 3 years. The analysis also includes gold prices and samples of daily foreign exchange prices over 15 years. The mean absolute changes of logarithmic prices are found to follow a scaling law against the time interval on which they are measured. This empirical law holds although the distributions of the price changes strongly differ for different interval sizes.Systematic variations of the volatility are found even during business hours by an intra-day analysis of price changes. Seasonal heteroskedasticity is observed with a period of one day as well as one week as the result of an analogous intra-week analysis; taking this into account is necessary for any future study of intra-day price change distributions and their generating process. The same type of analysis is also made for the bid-ask spreads. 相似文献
17.
Industrial Policy and Technology Diffusion: Evidence from Paper Making Machinery in Indonesia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In this paper, we analyze the diffusion and adoption of paper making machinery in the Indonesian pulp and paper industry, from 1923 till 2000. We develop a machine level index of technological sophistication (mach), which measures the technological distance of each paper machine to the world technological frontier. The data reveal a pattern of rapid technological catch up. But catch up was not an industrywide phenomenon. Some modern firms installed state-of-the-art machinery, while others installed older vintages. The paper argues that industrial policy has played an important role in the speed and nature of diffusion of paper making machinery. 相似文献
18.
19.
Michiel Baas 《Consumption Markets & Culture》2020,23(3):223-240
ABSTRACTHow do employees in “new services”, such as coffee baristas and gym trainers in India, see their jobs? In this paper, we build on extensive fieldwork in gyms and coffee chains that cater to the emerging Indian middle classes. Our research highlights the importance of respect and recognition in making service interactions more meaningful for new service workers. Generally hailing from the lower middle classes, new service work offers important opportunities to interact with and learn from English-speaking upper middle-class customers and clients. Besides the opportunity to interact and learn, the acknowledgement they receive for their skills and (bodily) accomplishments make such professions attractive as well. Even if this holds the potential for upward socioeconomic mobility, our findings also point at the resilience of social hierarchies. Drawing on literature on service interactions and new middle-class formation in India, this paper provides important insight into how young Indians navigate and negotiate the opportunities and pitfalls that come with the country's changing socioeconomic landscape. 相似文献
20.
We introduce the interview assignment problem, which generalizes classic one‐to‐one matching models by introducing a stage of costly information acquisition. Firms learn preferences over workers via costly interviews. Even if all firms and workers conduct the same number of interviews, realized unemployment depends also on the extent to which agents share common interviewing partners. We introduce the concept of overlap that captures this notion and prove that unemployment is minimized with perfect overlap: that is, if two firms interview any common worker, they interview the exact same set of workers. 相似文献