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21.
Patrick L. Mason 《The Review of Black Political Economy》1992,20(4):73-89
This article is an examination of the similarities between Michael Reich’s divide-and-conquer model of discrimination and
the Becker-Arrow taste model of discrimination. It shows that Reich’s model of discrimination is analytically identical to
Arrow’s employer discrimination model when employer utility is a function of total profits and the racial employment ratio.
It also shows that the Becker-Arrow distinction between employer and employee discrimination is invalid. Finally, the author
argues that neoclassical competition is the major defect of both models. After discussing the implications of these results
the article points to new directions in the literature on the economics of discrimination. 相似文献
22.
23.
This note provides a formal demonstration of the incentive incompatibility problem that exists in franchisor — franchisee relationships. It is shown that incentive incompatibility exists with respect to both price and quality. Several contractual mechanisms designed to mitigate the incompatibility problem are examined. 相似文献
24.
25.
Summary A sequential testing procedure called 2-SPRT for the meanμ of the negative binomial distribution with known exponentk is presented. For any fixedμ
0(μ
1<μ
0<μ
2), the 2-SPRT provides an asymptotic solution to the modified Kiefer-Weiss problem. Determination ofμ
0 such that the test provides an approximate solution to the Kiefer-Weiss problem is described. The behavior of the 2-SPRT
and the Sequential Probability Ratio Test is investigated using Monte Carlo methods. The error probabilities and the average
sample numbers are compared.
All the computations were carried out on the Alabama Supercomputer. 相似文献
26.
Gregory J. Werden Andrew S. Joskow Richard L. Johnson 《Managerial and Decision Economics》1991,12(5):341-352
The literature on industrial organization contains very little direct evidence on the effects of actual mergers. This study estimates the effects of two recent airline mergers approved by the Department of Transportation over the objection of the Department of Justice. The merger of TWA and Ozark appears to have caused a slight increase in fares and a far greater reduction in service on city pairs out of St Louis. The merger of Northwest and Republic appears to have caused a significant increase in fares and a significant reduction in overall service on city pairs out of Minneapolis-St Paul. 相似文献
27.
Paul S. J. Wymenga 《Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies》1991,27(1):127-153
Around the mid-1980s, Indonesia's protectionist regime supported an industrial structure in which industries were mainly oriented towards producing for the domestic market. Since then, trade policies have shifted to a more outward-looking strategy, stimulating the growth and diversification of non-oil manufactured exports. This paper attempts to quantify the nominal and effective rates of protection resulting from trade policies at the end of the 1980s. After an introduction in which the 1989 trade policies are discussed, estimates of nominal and effective rates of protection are presented. It is shown that though the level of protection has declined since 1987, it still varies widely across economic sectors. Furthermore, despite the more open trade strategy, the paper's findings show that the trade regime remains biased against exports. Finally, by examining some trade policy issues, the paper presents further ways of rationalising the structure of protection in Indonesia's industrial sector. 相似文献
28.
John E. Keith David L. Barkley 《Review of urban and regional development studies : RURDS : journal of the Applied Regional Conference》1991,3(1):60-77
A study of the location of three classifications of high-tech industries in rural areas was undertaken using ordinary least squares, Tobit, and a two-step estimation procedure suggested by Heckman (1976). The results indicate that the location decision for high tech firms is influenced primarily by the county population, adjacency to an SMSA, and the expenditures on public infrastructure (exclusive of education expenditures). However, location near interstate highways was generally not a significant factor. Results were similar between branch and unit (single ownership) plants. Some differences in signs of orders of magnitude occurred among the estimation procedures. Making a choice between Tobit and Heckman approaches depends upon the goal of the research. 相似文献
29.
J. A. L. Cranfield 《Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie》2003,51(3):299-321
Optimal investment rules are developed for a producer agency investing in domestic-market generic advertising, export market promotion, and cost-of-production-reducing research. These rules are derived assuming either maximization of producers' surplus or social surplus. The form of the optimality rules differs according to which objective is pursued. Fixed producer agency budgets are also allowed by incorporating a constraint limiting total expenditure on the three activities. Addition of such a constraint substantially alters the structure of the optimal investment rules. Differences in these rules highlight the importance of accounting for the financing mechanism when modeling optimal checkoff fund investment decisions. Optimality rules are simulated using data for the Canadian beef sector. Results suggest historic underinvestment in domestic-market generic advertising but overinvestment in export market promotion. Sensitivity of simulation results underscores the difficulty in assessing optimality of historic producer investment in cost-of-production-reducing research. 相似文献
30.