Negative externalities on property values resulting from water impairment: The case of the Pigeon River Watershed

The objective of this research was to determine whether willingness to bear the negative externality from water quality impairment differs between those who do and those who do not receive economic benefit from the impairment source. Differences were tested using a hedonic analysis of ambient water quality in two discrete housing markets in the Pigeon River Watershed, which have been polluted by the operation of a paper mill. The results suggest that North Carolina residents residing in subwatersheds with impaired portions of the Pigeon River, who experience economic benefit from the paper mill in addition to its harmful effects on water quality, do perceive the pollution as a negative externality. In contrast, the effects of both the degraded river and its contributing streams on property values are perceived as negative externalities by watershed residents in Tennessee who experience only harmful effects from the pollution. Differences in willingness to bear the water-impairment externality were not indicated by variables representing view of and proximity to impaired water bodies. The results suggest that the perception of water quality to which property owners implicitly apply value should be considered when establishing water-quality regulations.     

Stochastic convergence of the catch-up rate and multiple structural breaks in Asian countries

Allowing for multiple structural breaks and cross-section dependence, we re-investigate the hypothesis that the catch-up rates stochastically converge for 13 Asian countries from 1960 to 2007. Non-rejection of stationarity provides evidence for stochastic convergence, implying that following shocks to the catch-up rate, it will eventually revert to its long-run level.     

在做大商业品牌中正确处理六个关系

本文分析了入世后,上海企业家在做大商业品牌中,应正确处理好的六个关系,以及有关的述评。     

When do incentives work in channels of distribution?

The incentive dilemma refers to a situation in which incentives are offered but do not work as intended. The authors suggest that, in an interorganizational context, whether a principal-provided incentive works is a function of how it is evaluated by an agent: for its contribution to the agent’s bottom line (instrumental evaluation) and for the extent it is strategically aligned with the agent’s direction (congruence evaluation). To further understand when incentives work, the influence of two key contextual variables—industry volatility and dependence—are examined. A field study featuring 57 semi-structured depth interviews and 386 responses from twin surveys in the information technology and brewing industries provide data for hypothesis testing. When and whether incentives work is demonstrated by certain conditions under which the agent’s evaluation of an incentive has positive or negative effects on its compliance and active representation. Further, some outcomes are reversed in the high volatility condition.     

论孙中山民生思想的中国特色

孙中山先生解决民生问题的手段具有典型的中国特色,一是平均地权,一是节制资本,这是在其他任何国家都未曾有过的手段。孙中山先生认定只要实施这两个办法就可以解决中国的民生问题。在对孙中山先生民生思想的研究中,我们可以获知,这位辛亥革命的先驱者当年明确地认识到,历史的重心是社会问题,社会问题的重心是生存问题,生存问题就是民生问题,民生问题不是政治问题,而是经济问题,是社会的存在与发展必须给予解决的经济问题。     

浅谈音乐课堂中的合唱教学

合唱作为一种高雅的音乐艺术,一直为学校所重视。在进行合唱教学时,应从节奏练习中培养多声意识、在聆听欣赏中建立和声概念、在发声训练中形成声部层次、在无伴奏状态下训练合唱音准、在器乐辅助下优化教学手段．循序渐进的提高学生的合唱水平。     

How credible is the North Korean threat?

We perform event analysis on particular episodes of tension in the Korean peninsula between 2000 and 2008, and investigate the effect of the events on South Korean financial markets (stock markets, bond yield spreads and the exchange rate) given that South Korea would be the first affected by a military aggression from North Korea. Surprisingly, in nearly all cases, these events, which have often been dramatized in the world media, have no significant impact on either of these variables or only a very small one. We also find no significant impact of events on listed firms that would a priori be likely to suffer from increased tension between the two Koreas. Since financial markets often contain better predictions than expert opinions or surveys, these results strongly suggest that the North Korean threat is non‐credible.     

Estimating Willingness to Pay for the Development of a Peace Park Using CVM: The Case of the Korean Demilitarized Zone

Conflicts remain an integral part in shaping the world. Tensions on the Korean Peninsula are no exceptions. The Korean DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) World Peace Park has been proposed to help obtain peace by erasing the memories of war and creating new beginnings of trust, cooperation, and unity on the Korean Peninsula. With their ties to geographical space and conflict, peace park research provides an excellent platform for both activism and research in positive peace. Little, however, is known about peoples’ willingness to pay (WTP) for the creation of peace parks, in general, and specifically for the development of the Korean DMZ World Peace Park. Using contingent valuation methods, the weighted average WTP for development of the Peace Park is $49.03 per household per year. It appears South Koreans are willing to pay not only for the conservation of the DMZ, but also for the peace and unification of the Korean Peninsula the Peace Park may bring to the area.     

重渡沟"景区公司+农户"的旅游产业组织模式研究

重渡沟"景区公司 农户"模式是一种基于农村社区的旅游产业组织方式,其本质就是互补品生产企业在不涉及产权的情况下,在经营层面上实现的一体化,是旅游目的地内部具有地方政府背景和主导地位的景区开发管理公司为实现地方旅游业持续发展而作出的必然选择。公司对农家旅馆的低价格定价、质量管理以及对农家旅馆市场的垄断都是对产权缺失的一种弥补。"景区公司 农户"模式有效地约束了机会主义行为的发生,保证了旅游目的地的健康、持续发展。     

高职院校社团学生素能培养的实践与探索——以无锡商业职业技术学院旅游专业社团为例

全球金融危机对旅游业发展及旅游专业大学生就业带来广泛冲击,旅游企业对人才的综合素能提出更高的要求,而旅游专业社团在学生综合素能培养方面起着重要作用。通过对无锡商业职业技术学院旅游专业社团问卷调查和实地访谈,就其发展状况、发挥的作用和存在的问题进行了分析,借此提出旅游专业社团培养学生素能、提高学生就业竞争力的途径。