Towards Strategic Intent: Perceptions of disability service provision amongst hotel accommodation managers

The tourism sector globally has become increasingly mindful of how an ageing population is reshaping service provision forms and offerings. This being particularly true of accommodation operations where there is a now a growing recognition of the commercial value for providing market groups with exceptional service. With this in mind, this study sought to ascertain the perceptions of managers in the accommodation sector towards disability service provision with a view to identifying any current service gaps or failings. An inductive, qualitative approach was used with the data collection phase incorporating a series of one on one interviews and a focus group. The in-depth interviews were conducted with 10 managers of hotels deemed to have accessible rooms that complied with the relevant building codes and standards. A focus group comprised 22 managers of hotels located in the Sydney central business district, Australia. Study findings revealed five key themes that had not been previously discussed in the literature. They were: inclusive attitudinal approach; safety; the responsibility of people with a disability to communicate their needs to the hotel; perceptions of accessible rooms by the general public; and operational processes. Related themes that emerged from the data analysis that had previously been aligned with the literature included: legislative responsibility, policy and building codes; disability as a market segment; staff awareness/training; and language, marketing, and promotion information. Implications with respect to management of accessible rooms in the accommodation sector are outlined and further areas of research are proposed.     

Assessing the Economic Implications of Reduced Water Availability and Better Management Practices on Representative Farms in Southern Alberta

Water for irrigated crops in Southern Alberta is under pressure. Consecutive years of drought at the turn of the century led to a rationing of the province's water supply and has raised concerns about the sustainability of the current water use system. In this paper, we develop a representative farm model for six irrigation districts in the South Saskatchewan River Basin to evaluate water use and improved water application efficiency for a scenario that reduces irrigation water availability by 10%. Irrigation districts with relatively greater area of sugar beets and potatoes, that have the most inelastic water demand, will be most affected by a reduction in water availability with relatively large adjustments in irrigation water applied to all other crops. A reduction in water availability also will lead to changes in the relative returns per hectare for irrigated crops, with producers having economic incentives to increase their areas devoted to canola production while reducing that devoted to wheat and barley production. Further, we find that representative farms can largely circumvent reduced water availability by relatively small increases in the efficiency with which water is applied in the field. The results have important policy implications for both producers and water policy makers in Canada. L'eau destinée aux cultures irriguées du sud de l'Alberta se trouve sous pression. Les années successives de sécheresse au début du siècle ont mené au rationnement de l'approvisionnement provincial de l'eau et soulèvent des inquiétudes au sujet de la durabilité du système actuel d'utilisation de l'eau. Ce document propose un modèle agricole représentatif pour six districts d'irrigation du bassin de la rivière Saskatchewan Sud (BRSS) pour évaluer l'utilisation de l'eau et l'amélioration de l'efficacité de l'application d'eau selon un scénario réduisant la disponibilité de l'eau irriguée de 10 pour cent. Les districts d'irrigation avec des zones relativement plus grandes de betteraves à sucre et de pommes de terre ayant la plus inélastique demande en eau seront le plus affectés par une réduction de la disponibilité de l'eau nécessitant des ajustements relativement importants à l'application d'eau irriguée aux autres cultures. Une réduction de la disponibilité de l'eau mènera aussi à une modification du rendement par hectare pour les cultures irriguées, les producteurs ayant des incitatifs économiques pour l'augmentation des terres vouées à la production de canola et la diminution de celles destinées au blé et à l'orge. De plus, nous observons qu'il est possible pour les fermes représentantes de contourner, en grande partie, la réduction de la disponibilité de l'eau en augmentation relativement minimalement l'efficacité avec laquelle l'eau est appliquée aux cultures. Les résultats ont des répercussions politiques importantes à la fois pour les producteurs et pour les décideurs politiques en matière d'eau au Canada.     

Expatriation and its effect on headquarters' attention in the multinational enterprise

We explore the circumstances under which expatriates can help their host‐subsidiary capture headquarters' attention. Our central contention is that expatriates will be particularly helpful in situations where a subsidiary or its market is showing signs of growth, allowing headquarters to recognize information signaling opportunities for the firm that could otherwise go unnoticed. We test this contention using a robust instrumental variable approach in a single multinational enterprise. Our results show that subsidiaries hosting expatriates and experiencing growth at the subsidiary or market level have a higher probability of capturing headquarters' attention. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Pilot workload and fatigue on four intra-European routes: a 12-month mixed-methods evaluation

There were predictions that the European Aviation Safety Agency’s (EASA’s) new Flight Time Limitations (FTLs) (European Union Regulation 83/2014) would adversely affect safety. Following implementation of the new regulations, research into flight-crew fatigue and workload was conducted at a medium-sized U.K-registered low-cost carrier (LCC). A mixed-methods approach drawing on instantaneous self-assessment (ISA) and participant observation was used to measure fatigue and workload on four intra-European routes. A modified U.S. Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine Crew Status Survey recorded ISA data on fatigue and workload. The author’s flight-deck observations generated data on the context of flight operations. Two findings stand out. First, 7.1% of those who completed the inbound Top-of-Climb–Top-of-Descent scale claimed to be either ‘Extremely tired’ or ‘Completely exhausted.’ Secondly, 9.3% of those who completed the inbound Top-of-Descent–On-Blocks scale claimed to be either ‘Extremely tired’ or ‘Completely exhausted.’ Pilots recorded maximum and average workload in the range 5–7 most often for phases Boarding–Off-blocks and Top-of-descent–On-blocks. The author recommends that further mixed-methods research into fatigue and workload be conducted at this and other carriers operating under European Union Regulation 83/2014. Research should be conducted regularly.     

Investigating risk contagion initiated by endogenous liquidity shocks: evidence from the US and eurozone interbank markets

This paper investigates liquidity spillovers between the US and European interbank markets during turbulent and tranquil periods. We show that an endogenous model with time-varying transition probabilities is effective in describing the propagation of liquidity shocks within the interbank market, while predicting liquidity crashes characterised by changed dynamics. We show that liquidity shocks, originating from movements of the spread between the Asset Backed Commercial Paper and T-bill, drive regime changes in the euro fixed-float OIS swap rate. Our results support the idea of endogenous contagion from the US money market to the eurozone money market during the global financial crisis.     

Einzelbesprechungen

Ohne ZusammenfassungAus dem Russischen übersetzt von Alexander Gerschenkron, WienÜbersetzt von Josef Steindl.