TRACING PRICE CHANGES THROUGH STAGES OF PRODUCTION: AUSTRALIA, 1968 TO 19771

This study is concerned with an effort to analyze changes in costs and prices in the Australian economy by tracing the effects of changes in wages and import prices through the stages of production, using a disaggregated input-output model with lags. The object of constructing the model was to improve, by introducing lags, the accuracy of predictions of the effect of cost changes on prices, and to show the lag structures. Data problems encountered are discussed, and the need for integration of price statistics to enhance their usefulness for analyses such as this is emphasized. Concepts and sources of data are discussed in some detail in an appendix.     

Business justice: Transactions,resources, and organisations

This paper outlines an egalitarian theory of business justice, and indicates its requirements in respect of the central business institutions of transactions, resources and organisations.David Wood, is Senior Lecturer in Law, and formerly Senior Research Fellow, Centre for Philosophy and Public Issues, University of Melbourne. He has published widely in legal and philosophical journals. He is assistant to the general editor, Nijhoff International Philosophy Series.     

Some refinements in austrian trade-cycle theory

Changes in the apparent rate of interest have different effects upon different types of firms, causing the onset of the business cycle to be initiated in specialty suppliers to high-order capital goods manufacturers. These specialty manufacturers utilize bank loans to finance inventories, so they are sensitive to changes in market rates, while consumer-goods manufacturers finance capital projects using long-term sources of funds, which are less sensitive. The abandonment of capital projects by lower-order manufacturers is also less sensitive to interest rate movements than the manufacturing operations of the high-order suppliers.     

Consumer protection in the Asia-Pacific Region

This report outlines recent developments at an international level affecting consumer policy in the Asia-Pacific Region. Outcomes of a South Pacific Workshop, a United Nations Regional Seminar, and of a training seminar in Vietnam are considered and a range of consumer and systemic problems are outlined. The need for continued expert assistance to developing countries in the region is emphasised.

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Verbraucherschutz im asiatisch-pazifischen Raum

Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag berichtet über neurere internationale Aktivitäten, die die Verbraucherpolitik der Länder der genannten Region betreffen. Er umreißt insbesondere die Ergebnisse eines südpazifischen Workshops in Sydney im Februar 1990, die eines regionalen Seminars über Verbraucherschutz in Bangkok 1990, sowie einer Trainingsveranstaltung für Verbrauchervertreter in Hanoi im Juli/August 1990. Bisher haben lediglich drei Staaten der Region gut entwickelte staatliche Einrichtungen für den Verbraucherschutz, nämlich Australien, Japan und Neuseeland. Diese Länder haben bereits mit Hilfeleistungen an die anderen Länder der Region begonnen, werden aber in Zukunft noch stärker gefordert sein. Darüber hinaus betont der Autor, daß auch die westlichen Industrieländer eine größere Rolle bein Aufbau des Verbraucherschutzes dieser Länder spielen sollten, zumal sie es waren, die einen Teil der Verbraucherprobleme dieser Region verursacht haben.

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John T. D. Wood is Director of the Federal Bureau of Consumer Affairs, Robert Garran Office, Barton, A.C.T. 2600 Australia.     

Family-Friendly Management in Great Britain: Testing Various Perspectives

Five main perspectives on family-friendly management are differentiated by their conceptions about the nature of such management and not just by its assumed predictors. Multivariate analysis of the relationships among a set of family-oriented practices shows that some but not all are used in a systematic way. Regression analysis reveals that employers' adoption of family-friendly approaches is explained by factors that span all five perspectives, but overall, the organizational adaptation perspective fares best.     

Sampling for Possibilities

This paper views empirical research as a search for illustrations of interesting possibilities which have occurred, and the exploration of the variety of such possibilities in a sample or universe. This leads to a definition of illustrative inference (in contrast to statistical inference), which, we argue, is of considerable importance in many fields of inquiry – ranging from market research and qualitative research in social science, to cosmology. Sometimes, it may be helpful to model illustrative inference quantitatively, so that the size of a sample can be linked to its power (for illustrating possibilities): we outline one model based on probability theory, and another based on a resampling technique.