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101.
We analyze the role of personality in occupational choice and wages using data from Germany for the years 1992 to 2009. Characterizing personality by use of seven complementary measures (Big Five personality traits, locus of control, and a measure of reciprocity), the empirical findings show that personal characteristics are important determinants of occupational choice. Associated with that, identical personality traits are differently rewarded across occupations. Hence, breaking down the analysis on the level of occupational groups provides more detailed results of returns to personality. By evaluating different personality profiles, we additionally estimate the influence of personality as a whole. The estimates establish occupation-specific patterns of significant returns to particular personality profiles. These findings underline the importance to consider the occupational distribution when analyzing returns to personality due to its heterogeneous valuation. 相似文献
102.
Markus Kotzur Andreas Grimmel Rudolf Hrbek Michael Wohlgemuth Stephan Leibfried 《Wirtschaftsdienst》2014,94(4):239-257
The EU suffers from a democratic deficit that arises not first and foremost from a lack of institutional competencies, but rather from the double weakness of politics vis-à-vis economics and law at the European level. This “functional democratic deficit” renders the existing mechanisms of democratic control increasingly ineffective. Especially for its citizens, a politically integrated Europen Union might be difficult to grasp, and it may only be reached gradually through a continuous process of dynamic development; however, “United in Diversity” seems to be the better alternative, and not only for historical reasons. The direct elections for the European Parliament, although not denying deficits of democratic legitimacy and participation at the Union level, should not be underestimated in their legitimising influence for the Union as an associated structure of members without obvious hierarchies. 相似文献
103.
Based on an existing conceptualization in the literature, this study operationalizes the construct of organizational networking, through a rigorous two-stage scale construction and validation process. Organizational networking refers to firm behaviors, i.e. the activities/routines/practices, which enable an organization to make sense of and capitalize on their networks of direct and indirect business relationships. We conceptualize the measurement model as a second-order formative construct with four first-order reflective constructs based on a four-dimensional view of organizational networking comprising information acquisition, opportunity enabling, strong-tie resource mobilization and weak-tie resource mobilization. The scale validation was undertaken at the first- and second-order levels. The result confirms the four distinct first-order measurement models. At the second-order level, a MIMIC (multiple indicators and multiple causes) model was employed to assess the validity of the formative measurement model. The results suggest that all four components significantly contribute to the overarching construct of organizational networking, with strong-tie resource mobilization being the most important contributor. Thus, our operationalization confirms the uniqueness of the different dimensions of organizational networking that should be configured as a strategy of sensing and seizing opportunities in the network. The organizational networking scale will provide future research with a basis to explore different strategic patterns of networking behaviors in varying contexts, and its role in relation to other organizational behaviors and outcome variables, such as firm performance. 相似文献
104.
105.
Stephan M. Wagner 《International Journal of Production Economics》2011,129(2):277-283
The mainstream view holds that over time buyer–supplier relationships evolve through a number of phases. As a consequence, supplier development as a buyer–supplier relationship management practice should also be adapted to the life-cycle phase. Supplier development activities matching the buyer–supplier relationship life-cycle phase will lead to more favorable performance improvements. However, prior studies have neglected the relationship life-cycle perspective. This empirical study shows how the length of the buyer–supplier relationship can be used to improve the explanatory power of models investigating the performance outcomes of supplier development activities. The results show that supplier development is more effective in mature as opposed to initial and declining life-cycles phases. 相似文献
106.
We examine market reactions to publicly held multinational firms announcing their affiliation with the United Nations Global
Compact (UNGC). The UNGC is a voluntary initiative to support four areas of United Nations viz. Human Rights, Labor, Environmental,
and Anti-Corruption. Because firms must file annual Communication on Progress (COP) reports toward these initiatives, we argue
this creates a differentiating transparency of interest to stakeholders. Using a sample of 175 global firms, we find support
to the theory for joining the UNGC. Returns differ markedly, however, between multinational firms headquartered in the United
States (negative) and Europe (positive). We also find that failing to complete the annual COP generates a negative market
reaction. 相似文献
107.
108.
This paper disentangles the age-productivity-wage nexus by estimating productivity and wage equations with longitudinal employer-employee
panel data for Belgium. Results indicate that workers above 49 years are significantly less productive than their younger
colleagues. Moreover, while relative productivities across age groups are not found to differ significantly between ICT and
non ICT firms, the upward sloping age-wage profile appears to be somewhat steeper in ICT firms. Yet, whatever the ICT environment,
findings show that young workers are paid below and older workers above their marginal productivity. This pattern is in line
with the deferred payment model developed by Lazear (J Polit Econ 87:1261–1284, 1979). 相似文献
109.
Stephan Seiler 《Quantitative Marketing and Economics》2013,11(2):155-203
Prices for grocery items differ across stores and time because of promotion periods. Consumers therefore have an incentive to search for the lowest prices. However, when a product is purchased infrequently, the effort to check the price every shopping trip might outweigh the benefit of spending less. I propose a structural model for storable goods that takes into account inventory holdings and search. The model is estimated using data on laundry detergent purchases. I find search costs play a large role in explaining purchase behavior, with consumers unaware of the price of detergent on 70 % of their shopping trips. Therefore, from the retailer’s point of view raising awareness of a promotion through advertising and displays is important. I also find a promotion for a particular product increases the consumer’s incentive to search. This change in incentives leads to an increase in category traffic, which from the store manager’s perspective is a desirable side effect of the promotion. 相似文献
110.
Investor protection and price informativeness about future earnings: international evidence 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study draws on the investor protection literature to identify structural factors in a country’s information environment
that are likely to explain cross-country differences in the extent to which future earnings information is capitalized in
current stock returns. Using a sample of 55,900 firm-years from 32 countries, we find that greater financial disclosure, higher
quality earnings, and greater information dissemination through news media are associated with stock prices that are more informative about future earnings, whereas strong enforcement of insider trading laws is associated with stock prices that
are less informative about future earnings. We also find that, on average, price informativeness about future earnings is greater
in countries with strong investor protection. Our results illuminate the importance of structural factors constituting a country’s
information environment in explaining cross-country variation in price informativeness about future earnings. 相似文献