This paper discusses the impact of a redistribution of current income from the White to the Black population on the distribution of sectoral output, and total employment by means of a semi‐closed input‐output model.
The results show that a redistribution of current income towards Black households — which no doubt will have positive social and political repercussions — has a non‐negative effect on GDP and a definite positive effect on the performance of sectors with a high private consumption expenditure component, as well as on total employment. 相似文献
This research responds to the attendant need for empirical evidence pertaining to how marketing affects firm performance.
Using the Fama-French method, common in finance, and a leading marketplace measure of a brand’s financial equity value, the
authors provide empirical evidence for the branding-shareholder value creation link. The results extend previous research
by showing that strong brands not only deliver greater returns to stockholders than does a relevant benchmark but do so with
less risk This finding holds even when market share and firm size are considered.
Barclays Global Investors
Thomas J. Madden is a professor of marketing and director of the Professional MBA/Executive International MBA programs at the Moore School
of Business, University of South Carolina. His research focuses on the measurement of brand meaning, marketing metrics, and
value-based marketing strategies. His research has appeared in theJournal of Marketing Research, theJournal of Marketing, and theJournal of Consumer Behavior.
Frank Fehle (frank.fehle@barclaysglobal.com) is the head of Europe Equity Research at Barclays Global Investors in London, United Kingdom.
Previously, he was an assistant professor of finance at the University of South Carolina. His research focuses on empirical
asset pricing, market microstructure, risk management, and derivatives. His work has appeared in theJournal of Financial Economics, theJournal of Futures Markets, theJournal of Economics and Business, theReview of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, among other journals and conference proceedings.
Susan Fournier is an associate professor of marketing at Boston University. Her research focuses on branding and brand relationship marketing.
Current projects explore person-brands, resonance as a moderator of the brand meaning → brand strength connection, the types
of relationships consumers form with brands, and dynamic processes of relationship development and evolution. She served for
9 years on the Harvard Business School faculty and 2 years as a visitor at Dartmouth College. She consults with a range of
companies to inform her teaching, case development, and research. 相似文献
Deshpandé and Webster have identified the linkage between corporate culture and innovation adoption as an important industrial
marketing topic. In the present study, this relationship is examined by both qualitative and quantitative research methods.
The linear regression model, which depicts the corporate culture of adaptive companies attempting to survive in a competitive
international environment, demonstrates that corporate culture is predictive of technology adoption. Qualitative data collected
through in-depth interviews supplement quantitative results. The divergent cultures and survival modes for innovative and
noninnovative companies are presented. Theoretical and methodological implications for marketing research are discussed, and
management implications for industrial marketers are presented. Benefits of juxtaposing qualitative/quantitative methods are
illustrated.
She completed her doctorate at York University in Toronto, Canada. Her current research interest centers on innovation adoption,
poststructuralism, and marketing ethics. 相似文献
Could external restraint and internal balance in Mexico havebeen reconciled at levels of savings and investment that allowedsatisfactory growth in output without the 198990 restructuringof debt? What are the likely implications of Mexico's "Bradydeal" on economic growth? What are the macroeconomic effectsof debt-equity swaps? This article develops and estimates amodel to address these issues. The analysis concludes that the198990 agreement in Mexico will contribute materiallyto macroeconomic stability and the restoration of economic growth. 相似文献
The Ju/'hoan Bushman Development Foundation (JBDF) is a multi‐dimensional development foundation which has as its main objective the raising of the standard of living of the indigenous Ju/'hoan Bushmen in eastern Bushmanland, Namibia. It has a basic needs approach to development.
The development activities of the Foundation started in 1981. The Nyae Nyae Farmers’ Cooperative, through which the Foundation now directs its development activities, was established in 1986. It is funded by various international development agencies, such as Christian Aid, NORAD, SIDA, Bread for the World, Oxfam Canada, and the EEC.
The basic needs approach of the Foundation addresses the following dimensions: water, food, cash, clothing, health, literacy and education, community esteem, and problems and propositions. 相似文献
Different viewpoints were expressed at the 1990 annual national conference of the South African Society for Agricultural Extension regarding the role of extension in the development of the farmer as entrepreneur. It is expected that public funding will increasingly be limited to functions of general public interest. To achieve independence farmers should be willing to expose themselves to entrepreneur development stimuli. it is in the public interest to develop scarce human, economic and natural resources. Research findings indicate distinct behavioral differences between entrepreneurs of differing perceptions. A comprehensive interdisciplinary education is recommended for agriculturalists. Because needs change, education programmes must be re‐evaluated from time to time. It serves little purpose to educate people in extension who do not have a technical message to communicate. The state extension service seeks closer cooperation and liaison with agricultural co‐operative and private sector know‐how. Departmental policy will probably be less rigid in future.
A clear distinction should be made between information and extension services. The adoption of an ethical code for extensionists may be opportune. Relevancy is an important contributing factor to extensionist credibility. 相似文献
This paper studies a link between inflation and economic activity that is built on two hypotheses. First, firms mitigate informational frictions in financial markets by accumulating retained earnings over a period of time. Second, firms allocate earnings among three competing uses - dividends, current investment, and the accumulation of internal funds - and inflation directly distorts this allocation decision as well as the real value of accumulated internal funds. The model predicts that the level of inflation - both unanticipated and expected inflation - as well as the variability of inflation distort firms’ internal financing decisions, increases frictions in financial markets, reduces the level and efficiency of investment, and reduces aggregate output. The marginal effects of inflation are increasing in the inflation rate. 相似文献
Global warming is currently an important item on most nationalenvironmental agendas. In many countries, coal-fired electricity generatingstations represent an important source of greenhouse gases. We examinehow regulations to curb emissions affect public utility pricing regulationwhen regulators act non-cooperatively. We show that, when there is limitedinformation on fixed abatement costs, an environmental regulator prefersan emission tax over an output tax or a lump sum environmental tax. Thepublic utility regulator prefers the lump sum tax regime. 相似文献
Many environmental problems can be attributedto the extraction and emissions of physicalsubstances. Increasing our understanding of theeconomic and technological driving forcesbehind these physical flows can contribute tosolving the environmental problems related tothem. The input-output framework is a usefulsetting in which to integrate detailedinformation about economic structure andphysical flows. In this article a specificmethod in input-output analysis is reviewed,namely Structural Decomposition Analysis (SDA).It is based on comparative static analysis,which decomposes historical changes of a policyvariable into determinant effects. SDA has beenapplied, for example, to analyze the demand andtechnological driving forces of energy use,CO2-emissions and various other pollutantsand resources. This article examines thetheoretical aspects of structuraldecomposition, in particular those concerningphysical flows and environmental issues.Furthermore, the article includes an extensivesurvey of empirical studies. 相似文献