在近岸采油装置上实施集成风险检查系统

介绍中东国家把集成风险检查和检查系统用于近岸油田装置。根据详细的风险检查分析和过去的检查记录,对所选择的设备采用无损检测技术实施检查。资产数据、检查记录和有关文件都集中保存在计算机系统中。这样有能力保管和查看不同种类的文件和图样。这个系统能生成和监管维修和检查工作单,并能与企业其他系统进行交流。有一个知识数据库用于资产整合活动,与MS Excel的输入/输出功能进行数据交换也更加方便。     

THE EFFECT OF INSTITUTIONAL INTEREST ON THE INFORMATION CONTENT OF DIVIDEND-CHANGE ANNOUNCEMENTS

We test the hypothesis that the information content of dividend-change announcements, as reflected in stock prices, is directly related to the degree of pre-announcement information asymmetry in the stock. The dividend-change announcements include initiations, large increases, large decreases, and omissions. Information asymmetry is proxied by the proportion of stock held by institutions. Consistent with the hypothesis, we document a significantly positive relation between the absolute values of the announcement-period excess returns and the degree of pre-announcement information asymmetry in the stock. This finding appears to hold for all types of dividend changes except dividend omissions.     

Some generalized distributions based on Stacy's generalized gamma distribution

Abstract

The generalized gamma distribution having the density function was introduced by Stacy (1962), who studied some of its properties. As observed by Stacy, many standard distributions are special cases of (1). For example d=p=1 gives the exponential, p=1 gives the gamma p=1 and d=n/2 (n is a positive integer) gives the chi-squared, and d=p gives the Weibull distribution. Furthermore, certain functions of a normal variable— viz., its positive even powers, its modulus, and all positive powers of its modulus, have Stacy's gamma form.     

美国联邦政府政务公开制度的实践及启示

美国联邦政府的政务公开制度包括两大方面：政府信息的公开和政府会议的公开。规范前者的法律是《信息自由法》和《隐私法》，规范后者的法律是《阳光下的政府法》和《联邦咨询委员会法》。两者都与政务公开和公民的知情权有关。本文通过对四部法案背景、主要规定的介绍，揭示了美国政务公开制度的核心内容，同时考察了政务公开法案实施的现状。最后，本文还结合中国实际，论述了我们可以借鉴的方面。     

美国清洁能源与安全法案概览及对中国的影响

由于美国是世界主要的温室气体排放上的重要国家,所以美国在应对气候变化上面的政策举措和立法备受瞩目。本文从多个角度全面的介绍了美国众议院于2009年6月通过的美国清洁能源与安全法案。着重反映了该法案的立法过程、主要内容、争议焦点以及各方对此法案的反响。并在此基础上,结合中国的目前的实际,总结美国在此立法上的得失,提出了中国可以借鉴的内容。同时也为中国将来采取何种减排措施作了分析,给出了相应的建议。     

PRICE HETEROGENEITY AND REAL INEQUALITY: A CASE STUDY OF PRICES AND POVERTY IN RURAL SOUTH INDIA

This paper, based upon a case-study of three Indian villages, studies whether households within the same market pay different prices for identical goods. It is found that not only are unit prices for food heterogeneous, but that the poor pay more for the same goods than the rich. This is because liquidity constraints force poorer households to purchase goods in small quantities and consequently subject them to quantity premiums. Household specific index numbers are used to adjust nominal incomes to real values and it is found that Gini coefficients of real incomes are between 12 percent to 23 percent greater than the Gim for nominal incomes. An econometric analysis of the determinants of prices shows that incomes are negatively correlated with prices, as is family size, but that the amount of land owned shows a positive relationship.     

May’s theorem in an infinite setting

We generalize May’s theorem to an infinite setting, preserving the elementary character of the original theorem. We define voting scenarios and generalized voting scenarios, and prove appropriate versions of May’s theorem. The case of generalized voting scenarios specialized to a countably infinite set of voters and the collections of all coalitions that have asymptotic density, shows that majority rule is the only aggregation rule that satisfies neutrality, irrelevance of null coalitions, anonymity, and positive responsiveness.     

A panel data approach to the demand for money and the effects of financial reforms in the Asian countries

Alternative panel data estimation methods are used to estimate the cointegrating equations for the demand for money (M1) for a panel of 14 Asian countries from 1970 to 2005. The effects of financial reforms are analyzed with estimates for two sets of sub-samples and two break dates. Our results show that money demand function has been stable and financial reforms are yet to have any significant effects. Since there is no evidence for instability in the demand for money, the central banks of these countries should use money supply, instead of the rate of interest, as the monetary policy instrument.     

Estimating short and long-run relationships: a guide for the applied economist

Many applied economists face problems in selecting an appropriate technique to estimate short and long-run relationships with the time series methods. This article reviews three alternative approaches viz., general to specific, vector autoregressions and the vector error correction models. As in other methodological controversies, definite answers are difficult. It is suggested that if these techniques are seen as tools to summarize data, as in Smith (2000 Smith, RP. 2000. “Unit Roots and all that: the impact of time-series methods on macroeconomics”. In Macroeconomics and the Real World, Edited by: Backhouse, RE. and Salanti, A. 199–215. Oxford: Oxford University Press.  [Google Scholar]), often there maybe only minor differences in their estimates. Therefore a computationally attractive technique is likely to be popular.