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71.
Tatsuo Inoue Wayne B. Thomas 《Journal of International Financial Management & Accounting》1996,7(1):1-23
The purpose of this study is to investigate factors which potentially influence Japanese managers' choices of accounting policies. Several factors have been posed to affect the choice of accounting policy of U.S. managers (e.g., Watts and Zimmerman's (1986) positive accounting theory). However, the general business characteristics of the U.S. environment differ, sometimes drastically, from those in Japan. Factors affecting the choice of accounting policy in the U.S. may not similarly affect the choice of accounting policy in Japan. At the same time, new factors may be identified in the Japanese business environment.
Income strategy models are developed for each firm according to the type (income increasing or income decreasing) of accounting policies employed. The results suggest that both the size and debt/equity hypotheses are significant, even for keiretsu firms. These results are surprising given (1) the close relationship between firms and the government, (2) regulations of the commercial code which serve to protect the interests of debtholders, and (3) the tight relationship between banks and firms within keiretsu groups which protects firms from bankruptcy and takeover. Variables representing firms' effective tax rate, ability to finance operations internally, and foreign political costs are also shown to significantly affect Japanese managers' choices of accounting policy. The bonus hypothesis is not significant in the Japanese environment. Furthermore, the choice of accounting policy is explained more by individual firm characteristics than by keiretsu membership or industry membership. 相似文献
Income strategy models are developed for each firm according to the type (income increasing or income decreasing) of accounting policies employed. The results suggest that both the size and debt/equity hypotheses are significant, even for keiretsu firms. These results are surprising given (1) the close relationship between firms and the government, (2) regulations of the commercial code which serve to protect the interests of debtholders, and (3) the tight relationship between banks and firms within keiretsu groups which protects firms from bankruptcy and takeover. Variables representing firms' effective tax rate, ability to finance operations internally, and foreign political costs are also shown to significantly affect Japanese managers' choices of accounting policy. The bonus hypothesis is not significant in the Japanese environment. Furthermore, the choice of accounting policy is explained more by individual firm characteristics than by keiretsu membership or industry membership. 相似文献
72.
73.
abstract In this paper we investigate the status of corporate social responsibility (CSR) research within the management literature. In particular, we examine the focus and nature of knowledge, the changing salience of this knowledge and the academic influences on the knowledge. We present empirical evidence based on publication and citation analyses of research published from 1992 to 2002. Our results demonstrate that, for CSR research published in management journals, the most popular issues investigated have been environmental and ethics; the empirical research has been overwhelmingly of a quantitative nature; the theoretical research has been primarily non‐normative; the field is driven by agendas in the business environment as well as by continuing scientific engagement; and the single most important source of references for CSR articles was the management literature itself. 相似文献
74.
Wayne Eastman 《Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal》1997,10(1):21-35
This article studies the hypotheses that people tend to underrate other people's work motivation and skills relative to their own, and further tend to be unaware of the legal status of employment at will in contemporary U.S. law. The theoretical part of the article describes psychological bases for the hypothesized tendencies and explains how they can be expected to foster acquiescence to employment at will and high employment insecurity. The empirical portion of the article describes and discusses a survey of M.B.A. students that probed their knowledge of and attitudes toward U.S. employment law, along with their attitudes toward employment insecurity and work motivation. Consistent with the hypotheses, the study found widespread lack of knowledge about the legal status of employment at will, as well as a tendency toward overrating one's own work motivation relative to others and a tendency toward taking higher risks of termination when they were presented as controllable on an individual, though not a group, basis. 相似文献
75.
This paper introduces a new stochastic clustering methodology devised for the analysis of categorized or sorted data. The
methodology reveals consumers' common category knowledge as well as individual differences in using this knowledge for classifying
brands in a designated product class. A small study involving the categorization of 28 brands of U.S. automobiles is presented
where the results of the proposed methodology are compared with those obtained from KMEANS clustering. Finally, directions
for future research are discussed.
Wayne S. DeSarbo is the S. S. Kresge Distinguished Professor of Marketing and Statistics, and Michael D. Johnson is Associate
Professor of Marketing, both at the University of Michigan's School of Business Administration. Kamel Jedidi is Assistant
Professor of Marketing at Columbia University's Graduate School of Business. The authors gratefully acknowledge DuPont Incorporated
for providing financial support for this research. 相似文献
76.
Wayne Simpson 《Journal of urban economics》1980,8(3):330-349
The paper develops a model of spatial job search to provide a theory of workplace location with respect to a predetermined place of residence which, the paper argues, is needed to complement the theory of residential location from a predetermined workplace. By concentrating on the role of the skill level of the job seeker, the model distinguishes predictions of the workplace location based on search from those based on commuting considerations. Household survey data from Greater London is analyzed to support the propositions of the search model in the determination of the relationship between the workplace and the household location. 相似文献
77.
John C. Cox Ph.D. D. Wayne Norvell D.B.A. 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》1974,2(1):223-229
A re-evaluation of the marketing concept appears to be in the making. The focus of research designed to facilitate this re-evaluation
is likely to be of considerable importance to the future development of marketing theory. Research designed to better define
the role and scope of the marketing concept seems to offer the most promise. Such research would be an aid to determining
where the marketing concept should fit into a comprehensive theory of marketing. Limitations of the marketing concept are
well documented in the literature suggesting a need for a broader framework of marketing theory. It seems imperative that
academicians accept the responsibility for developing a more comprehensive general theory of marketing, one relevant to both
the micro and macro aspects of a functioning system. Such flexibility seems to be a minimal requirement. 相似文献
78.
Wayne Shafer 《Journal of Mathematical Economics》1975,2(3):345-348
We extend a theorem of G. Debreu on the existence of equilibrium in a generalized N-person game (‘A Social Equilibrium Existence Theorem’). Applying standard techniques the result can be used to prove the existence of equilibrium in economies with interdependent preferences, price-dependent preferences and preferences which may be both non-transitive and non-complete. This generalizes a recent theorem of A. Mas-Colell. 相似文献
79.
80.
Wayne S. De Sarbo Ph.D. 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》1982,10(3):217-234
Cluster analysis is a frequently used technique in marketing as a method to develop partitions or classifications for market
segmentation, product positioning, test market selection, etc. Because of the vast diversity in the assortment of clustering
algorithms available, it is often times not obvious which algorithm or technique should be employed. It is often recommended
that the marketer perform more than one cluster analysis on the same data set and compare representations as a reliability
check. A methodology for evaluating the consistency of different clusterings is introduced via contingency table analysis
by log-linear models. In addition, insight is provided as to selecting a “best” representative clustering by examining Stewart
and Love's (1968) redundancy measures.
Bell Laboratories 相似文献