中国海藻产业发展与应用现状

经过60多年的发展,海藻产业已经成为中国渔业不可缺少的一部分.从产量、养殖面积、结构、区域等方面分析1988—2018年中国海藻产业的发展情况,结果显示:海藻产量持续增加,海藻养殖面积扩增,海藻产业地位上升;海藻生产结构多元化,海藻生产区域分布集中,海藻生产结构特色明显.同时,基于海藻特殊的组成成分,阐述了海藻在农业、环境、医疗、养殖、食用、化妆品几个领域的应用现状.     

Strategic policies and growth: an applied model of R&D-driven endogenous growth

We introduce and explore a general equilibrium model with R&D-driven endogenous growth, whose antecedents are the models of Romer (1990) [Romer, P.M., 1990. Endogenous technological change. Journal of Political Economy, 98, S71-102] and Grossman and Helpman (1991) [Grossman, G.M., Helpman E., 1991. Innovation and Growth in the Global Economy, The MIT Press, Cambridge]. Utilizing evidence from recent econometric studies on sources of growth, the model also accounts explicitly for cross-border technological spillovers. The model is specified and calibrated to data from Japan, and is solved to obtain both the transitional and the steady-state equilibria. We explore the effects of selective trade and R&D promotion policies on long-run growth and social welfare. The model results suggest that while a strategic trade policy has little effect on re-allocating resources into domestic R&D activities, it can significantly affect the cross-border spillovers of technological knowledge, which, in turn, stimulates growth. We find that trade liberalization may cause the growth rate to fall and lead to a loss of social welfare in the long-run, although it improves welfare in the short-run. R&D promotion policies stimulate growth by inducing private agents to allocate more resources to domestic R&D, as well as to take greater advantage of global R&D spillovers. Here, we find significantly high growth effects together with sizable gains in social welfare at low incidence to tax payers.     

容错技术在控制系统软件中的应用

针对控制系统对软件的可靠性的要求,论述了在控制软件设计中几种常用的容错方法     

精密零件氢气保护扩散钎接焊工艺研究

本文阐述的是,铜及其合金精密零件氢气保护扩散钎接焊工艺问题。这是一种界于TLP扩散焊和钎焊工艺之间的一种新型先进工艺,兼有两者之长。文中对扩散元素,共晶相系的选取、筛选和扩散——共晶反应过程机理分析作了重点论述,并对其接头组织,性能和焊接质量及本工艺的应用情况作了简要介绍。     

水环境监测机构质量体系内部审核初探

质量体系建立并运行以后,内部质量审核是保证质量管理体系持续有效运行的重要环节。分析当前水环境监测机构质量体系内部审核中存在的问题,探讨质量体系内部审核的对策和建议,实现有效内审,确保质量体系得到不断改进和完善。     

Managing Future Oil Revenues in Ghana: An Assessment of Alternative Allocation Options*

Abstract: Contemporary policy debates on the macroeconomics of resource booms often concentrate on the short‐run Dutch disease effects of public expenditure, ignoring the possible long‐term effects of alternative revenue‐allocation options and the supply‐side impact of royalty‐financed public investments. In a simple model applied here, the government decides the level and timing of resource‐rent spending. This model also considers productivity spillovers over time, which may exhibit a sector bias toward domestic production or exports. A dynamic computable general equilibrium (DCGE) model is used to simulate the effect of temporary oil revenue inflows to Ghana. The simulations show that beyond the short‐run Dutch disease effects, the relationship between windfall profits, growth, and households’ welfare is less straightforward than what the simple model of the ‘resource curse’ suggests. The DCGE model results suggest that designing a rule that allocates oil revenues to both productivity‐enhancing investments and an oil fund is crucial to achieving shared growth and macroeconomic stability.     

供应链金融下的反向保理模式研究

全球范围的金融危机导致大量企业破产,国家出台了相应政策来支持中小企业的发展,可以缓解中小企业融资压力的供应链金融业务受到广泛的关注。本文研究了供应链金融下的反向保理业务模式,并提出了该模式与采购订单融资和存货融资结合的模式。在对国内商业银行开展反向保理业务进行了分析之后,对该项业务的开展提出了建议。     

均衡范式:主流经济学的半机制

主流经济学的理论危机在于其均衡范式的危机,而均衡范式又是其“半机制”——片面强调经济中的负反馈而忽略正反馈机制——的必然结果,经济学的进一步发展需要重视正反馈的作用,并赋予正、负反馈以同等的重要性从而构建一个更一般化的理论,在这个理论中,目前的主流经济学将成为一个特例。     

低聚合度聚醋酸乙烯合成与反应液流变特性

以甲醇为溶剂,偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,四氯化碳为链转移剂,制备不同浓度、不同聚合度的低聚合度的聚醋酸乙烯（PVAc）反应液。用流变仪测定不同温度下反应液的黏度,研究了反应液黏度随温度、PVAc质量分数和聚合度的变化规律。结果发现,反应液黏度与温度的关系符合Arrhenius方程,反应液黏度的对数与PVAc质量分数的对数成正比,与聚合度的关系符合Mark-houwink方程,并由此得到反应温度下反应液黏度与PVAc质量分数和聚合度的关系式。     

黑龙江省乡村旅游发展模式探析

乡村旅游在发达国家和地区发展较好,黑龙江省尚处于起步阶段。乡村旅游开发的一般模式包括私有农场或牧场模式、企业或机构独立经营模式、农户分散经营模式、农户联合经营模式、企业与农户联合经营模式以及地方政府、企业与农户联合经营模式。目前,适合黑龙江省的乡村旅游发展模式包括国有农场或牧场模式、企业或机构独立经营模式、农户分散经营模式、政府支持下的农户联合经营模式。