Productivity and efficiency at bank holding companies in the U.S.: a time-varying heterogeneity approach

This paper investigates the productivity and efficiency of large bank holding companies (BHCs) in the United States over the period 2004–2013, by estimating a translog stochastic distance frontier (SDF) model with time-varying heterogeneity. The main feature of this model is that a multi-factor structure is used to disentangle time-varying unobserved heterogeneity from inefficiency. Our empirical results strongly suggest that unobserved heterogeneity is not only present in the U.S. banking industry, but also varies over time. Our results from the translog SDF model with time-varying heterogeneity show that the majority of large BHCs in the U.S. exhibit increasing returns to scale, a small percentage exhibit constant returns to scale, and an even smaller percentage exhibit decreasing returns to scale. Our results also show that on average the BHCs have experienced small positive or even negative technical change and productivity growth.     

论物流成本占GDP的比重及其现实意义

在论述物流成本和GDP定义的基础上,指出影响物流成本占GDP比重的因素主要是物流业的发展水平、经济发展水平、经济结构和科学技术的发展和应用。分析美国近20年来物流成本占GDP比重的变化情况,提出要结合我国国民经济的发展看待物流成本占GDP比重的变化,同时对铁路运输发展提出了相关建议。     

加强铁路企业财务管理工作的思考

随着市场经济的发展和铁路跨越式发展的全面实施,特别是实施铁路局直管站段体制改革后,进一步加强铁路企业的财务管理工作责任重大。追求企业利润最大化,必须牢固确立财务管理在企业管理中的中心地位,同时必须重视企业经营管理中存在的问题。因此,要高度重视财务和审计工作,严格落实财务和审计部门的责任,大力推行精细化财务管理。     

论高校后勤社会化改革中的战略思维

深化后勤社会化改革,建立新型后勤保障体系,要求高校后勤领导干部提高战略思维能力。高校后勤领导者要想做到工作目标和工作成效的统一,必须关注后勤社会化改革中涉及的战略问题。提高高校后勤领导者的战略思维能力的途径和方法有很多,但最重要的是增强哲学素质,强化岗位锻炼,依靠群众,注重意志品质的养成,努力争取“智囊”的支持。     

南京王家湾物流园区运作模式研究

以阐述物流园区的功能、建设和发展条件为切入点,分析了南京王家湾物流园区的发展阶段、运作方式,得出了一体化的管理体系、会员制的公司模式等为有效的运作模式。     

责任型领导的双刃剑效应:一个整合理论模型

作为一种新的领导概念,责任型领导愈发受到学界关注.然而,过去的研究主要关注了责任型领导对下属工作产出的积极影响,相对忽略了潜在负面效应及其形成机制.为此,本文将责任型领导的积极面与阴暗面进行整合,从均衡视角构建了一个责任型领导的双刃剑效应模型.该模型指出责任型领导一方面可以通过社会学习和社会交换来提升下属的道德行为和组织公民行为,另一方面还会通过工作压力和分散注意力导致下属的情绪枯竭、身心健康等问题,下属的关键个体特质如责任心、互惠信念、自我效能和权力距离导向在上述过程中发挥着调节作用.     

负面清单在金融领域应用的国际比较和经验借鉴

我国负面清单模式在金融领域的应用尚处于初级阶段,国际上已有部分国家和组织对负面清单在金融领域的应用有了成功的经验.本文通过研究部分国家在负面清单领域的主要做法、及我国金融领域的应用壁垒,提出了我国在金融领域推行负面清单的政策建议.     

生态补偿对国家重点生态功能区居民可持续生计的影响——基于“精准扶贫”视角

以陕西省调研数据为研究样本,将生态补偿政策引入英国国际发展部的可持续生计能力分析框架,采用结构方程模型研究了国家重点生态功能区的生态补偿政策对居民可持续生计能力的直接影响效应和间接影响效应.结果表明:生态补偿对可持续生计能力的直接影响效应为0.182;通过物质资本、人力资本、金融资本和自然资本对可持续生计能力的间接影响效应分别为0.059、0.104、0.066、0.053,总的间接效应为0.282;生态补偿对可持续生计能力总的影响效应为0.464.因此,精准的生态补偿政策能够实现以可持续生计能力提升为主要内容的"造血式"扶贫.     

A GPS data-based analysis of built environment influences on bicyclist route preferences

This study examines the effects of built environment features, including factors of land use and road network, on bicyclists' route preferences using the data from the city of Seattle. The bicycle routes are identified using a GPS dataset collected from a smartphone application named “CycleTracks.” The route choice set is generated using the labeling route approach, and the cost functions of route alternatives are based on principal component analyses. Then, two mixed logit models, focusing on random parameters and alternative-specific coefficients, respectively, are estimated to examine bicyclists' route choice. The major findings of this study are as follows: (1) the bicycle route choice involves the joint consideration of convenience, safety, and leisure; (2) most bicyclists prefer to cycle on shorter, flat, and well-planned bicycle facilities with slow road traffic; (3) some bicyclists prefer routes surrounded by mixed land use; (4) some bicyclists favor routes which are planted with street trees or installed with street lights; and (5) some bicyclists prefer routes along with city features. This analysis provides valuable insights into how well-planned land use and road network can facilitate efficient, safe, and enjoyable bicycling.     

Do Analysts Matter for Corporate Tax Planning? Evidence from a Natural Experiment

We exploit an exogenous shock to analyst coverage as a result of brokerage house mergers and closures to examine whether financial analysts influence the tax‐planning activities of the firms they cover. Using a difference‐in‐differences design, we find that, on average, firms affected by broker mergers and/or closures experience a reduction in their GAAP (cash) effective tax rates (ETR) of 2.5 percent (2.6 percent), relative to control firms, translating into average tax expense (cash tax) savings of $34 ($35) million. The treatment effect is more pronounced among firms with lower pre‐event analyst coverage. To explore how analysts affect tax planning, we further document that the treatment effect is greater among firms that lose an analyst who provided an implied ETR forecast in the past, suggesting that analysts influence tax planning via their tax‐specific research efforts. In addition, we find that after merger/closure, weakly governed firms increase their use of aggressive tax strategies, and financially distressed firms experience a larger reduction of cash effective tax rates, relative to control firms. Overall, we provide evidence that a shock to analyst coverage sufficiently changes the cost‐benefit trade‐off of tax planning.