对第二语言习得交际策略的研究

文章综述了国外关于交际策略的界定、分类及其在外语习得中的作用及意义。交际策略是语言学习者在对第二语言掌握有限的情况下，为达到交际目的，弥补其语法或词汇知识的贫乏而采用的方法。     

Looking for contagion in currency futures markets

This article tests whether there are pure contagion effects in both conditional means and volatilities among British pound, Canadian dollar, Deutsche mark, and Swiss franc futures markets during the 1992 ERM crisis. A conditional version of international capital asset pricing model (ICAPM) in the absence of purchasing power parity (PPP) is used to control for economic fundamentals. The empirical results indicate that overall there are no mean spillovers among those futures markets, but they are detected during the crisis period. That is, past return shocks originating in any one of the four markets have no impact on the other three markets during the entire sample period, suggesting that these markets are weak‐form efficient. However, this weak‐form market efficiency fails to hold during the market turmoil, especially for British pound and Swiss franc, and the sources of contagion‐in‐mean effects are mainly due to the return shocks originating in three European currency futures markets. As for the contagion‐in‐volatility, it is detected for British pound only because its conditional volatility is influenced by the negative volatility shocks from Canadian dollar, Deutsche mark, and Swiss franc, with Deutsche mark playing the dominant role in generating these shocks. JEL Classifications: C32; F31; G12. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 23:957–988, 2003     

MANAGING VENDOR INVENTORY IN A DUAL LEVEL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

Collaborative arrangements among members of the supply chain have received a great deal of interest in recent years as a means of reducing costs. One such arrangement is vendor managed inventory (VMI). VMI allows the vendor to make decisions concerning the quantity and timing of deliveries to the retailer. Such an arrangement offers the potential of a more efficient supply chain by removing the negative effects of retail ordering policies. A thorough review of the literature was conducted to identify factors likely to impact the performance of a VMI partnership. Computer simulation was used to study the effects of these factors from both the vendor's and retailer's perspectives. The results lend insight into the performance of VMI and guidance for managers as to the environments in which VMI is most effective.     

人力资源资产评估的几个基本要素

常言道:“十年树木,百年树人”。无论是成材还是成才,都有相似之处,那就是先要有投入然后才有产出。其投入包括资金投入,人力投入,时间投入、精力投入等,产出都具有多样性和多效性。不管是森林资源还是人力资源,二者都是综合资源,都很难确切地定量计算其实际价值。但将资源赋予     

大力发展我国企业债券市场

目前国际上企业融资结构的发展潮流是重债券融资轻股权融资，但相比我国股票市场和国债市场的飞速发展，企业债券市场始终保持低迷状态，要推进国有企业产权制度改革，为非国有企业提供充足的资金来源，发展企业债券市场为其提供了一个理想的解决方案。     

长白山区发展效益农业的对策

本文在分析长白山区资源优势和生态环境特征的基础上，明确了发展生态环保型效益农业的基本思路和主导产业，提出了实施生态环保型效益农业的对策。     

“墨西哥通讯服务措施案”对WTO竞争政策的启示

《关于基础电信的参考文件》是WTO框架内,规制电信服务领域反竞争行为的非强制性文件。DSB专家组首次以其作为法律依据审理“墨西哥通讯服务措施案”。非强制性文件成为确定与发展WTO竞争政策一种可供参考的方案。     

沂蒙梨花香

被誉为世外梨园、人间仙境的平邑天宝山流域,绵延20多公里,这里有起伏的群山、清澈的溪水,更有美丽的梨花."忽如一夜春风来,千树万树梨花开"的诗意,在这里得到最好的诠释.远看,漫山遍野如白云落地;近瞧,前崖后峪似大雪封谷;偶有桃花点缀其间,更觉绚丽多彩.微风袭来,暗香浮动,仿佛走进了一个如诗如画的梦幻世界.     

AN EVALUATION OF PROCESS‐ORIENTED SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORKS

Supply chain management (SCM) is implemented by integrating corporate functions using business processes within and across companies. Several process‐oriented frameworks for SCM have been proposed but only two of these provide sufficient detail to enable implementation. We evaluate the Supply‐Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) framework and The Global Supply Chain Forum (GSCF) framework using four criteria and identify their relative strengths and weaknesses.     

人力资源外包:提升中小企业集聚效应的新途径

一、人力资源外包服务的发展 外包是在20世纪90年代西方企业实施“回归主业，强化核心业务”的大背景下风行起来的一种企业新战略手段。其核心思想是企业在内部资源有限的情况下，为取得更大的竞争优势，仅保留其最具竞争优势的业务，而将其他业务委托给比自己更具成本优势和专有知识的企业。