Over the last two decades, the interest to assess the quality of university teaching and research has considerably grown.
This paper presents a study concerning the evaluation of the departments of the University of Firenze using Data Envelopment
Analysis. It shows several applications with different variables choices to assess the performance both in teaching and in
research activities. The reliability of the preferred specification was verified with a heuristic experiment, using different
variables and a different number of variables. Particular attention is given to the problem of data availability and quality
(e.g. for research output assessment). 相似文献
The cyclically adjusted budget balance (CAB) plays a key role in the EU fiscal surveillance framework. It started off in a
supporting role in the shadow of the headline deficit and, before long, turned into the linchpin of the rules of the Stability
and Growth Pact. The steep ascent was driven by high expectations which, with the passing of time, were only partly met. The
everyday practice of the EU fiscal surveillance rapidly revealed a number of caveats of the CAB which, at times, hampered
the effectiveness of fiscal surveillance. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the changing fortunes of the CAB in
the EU fiscal surveillance framework. It portrays its main shortcomings and the way they are dealt with in practice. 相似文献
Children are special, not only to their own parents, but also for society at large. Even if society is not directly interested in children, intervention may still be justified for re-distributive reasons. The fact that children are not transferable, while income is, does in fact bias the first best in favour of households with a comparative advantage in raising children. Furthermore, visibility makes children a natural target of second-best policies (but it does not necessarily follow that family size should be subsidized, at least directly). If society is directly interested in children, maybe only because of an externality, that is an additional reason for interfering with parental decisions. 相似文献
In financial games requiring to take into account the reciprocal benefits, mind-reading—that is, trying to identify other people’s thoughts—is involved. Mind-reading may occur through either analytical or intuitive strategies. Two studies were carried out to deepen the role of analytical and intuitive modes of thinking in mind-reading in financial decision making. Employing the Ultimatum Game as a setting suitable for researching into these topics, we found that the sums of money offered by undergraduates were modulated depending both on the psychological portraits of the responders and on the two modes of thinking. Specifically we found that the sums of money the undergraduates offered varied consistently across the two studies according to specific responder’s psychological features such as honesty, sense of justice, personal dignity. As for the two modes of thinking, it turned out that in the intuitive task proposers offered larger amount of money than in the analytical task. 相似文献
We analyze the effect of the introduction of stricter financial constraints on the trade-off between sporting and economic results. We apply a stochastic Cobb-Douglas production frontier model to a sample of Italian Serie A teams, i.e. first division, over the period 2005–2015 to evaluate the variation in soccer clubs’ cost efficiency following the application of the UEFA Financial Fair Play (FFP) principles in 2010. FFP imposes stricter financial regulation as a requirement for a club to be admitted to Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) tournaments. Firstly, we find that FFP does not improve the average efficiency of the Italian first division teams. Secondly, we show that FFP has contributed to leveling the playing field, reducing the gap in terms of efficiency between top teams and lower-tier teams.Abbreviations: FFP: Financial Fair Play; UEFA: Union of European Football Associations; DEA: Data Envelopment Analysis; SFA: Stochastic Frontier Analysis 相似文献
Corporate entrepreneurship is a process of strategic renewal and development of an existing business through the creation of new products, services, and activities, as well as new competitive postures and independent ventures. The performance of this process, which leverages the creativity and the initiative spirit of employees and managers, thus relies on the capacity of the organization to create favorable conditions for the emergence of such latent entrepreneurial potential. The development of participatory innovation models and collective intelligence offers new insights for conducting research on factors enabling corporate entrepreneurship. In particular, the internal company ‘crowd’ can be investigated with the purpose of studying the conditions under which the corporate entrepreneurship process can be successfully nurtured and conducted. In such view, this article moves from an extended review of corporate entrepreneurship and organizational innovation literature to define the concept of crowdventuring and to present an assessment tool aimed at evaluating the maturity of the crowdventuring process within an organization. The tool, which captures both individual and organization-related factors, is also used for an illustrative application into a multinational IT company. Some implications are drawn at the theory and practitioner levels. 相似文献
The objective of this paper is to develop a duality between a novel entropy martingale optimal transport (EMOT) problem and an associated optimisation problem. In EMOT, we follow the approach taken in the entropy optimal transport (EOT) problem developed in Liero et al. (Invent. Math. 211:969–1117, 2018), but we add the constraint, typical of martingale optimal transport (MOT) theory, that the infimum of the cost functional is taken over martingale probability measures. In the associated problem, the objective functional, related via Fenchel conjugacy to the entropic term in EMOT, is no longer linear as in (martingale) optimal transport. This leads to a novel optimisation problem which also has a clear financial interpretation as a nonlinear subhedging problem. Our theory allows us to establish a nonlinear robust pricing–hedging duality which also covers a wide range of known robust results. We also focus on Wasserstein-induced penalisations and study how the duality is affected by variations in the penalty terms, with a special focus on the convergence of EMOT to the extreme case of MOT.
Credible implementation of climate change policy, consistent with the 2 °C limit, requires a large proportion of current fossil-fuel reserves to remain unused. This issue, named the Carbon Bubble, is usually presented as a required asset write-off, with implications for investors. We embed the Carbon Bubble in a macroeconomic model exhibiting a financial accelerator: if investors are leveraged, then the Carbon Bubble might precipitate a fire-sale of assets across the economy, and generate a large and persistent fall in output and investment, impairing the economy's ability to invest in the zero carbon assets it needs to produce output in the post-climate-transition world. We find a role for macroeconomic policy protecting investors' balance sheets in mitigating the macroeconomic effects of the Carbon Bubble, and enhancing welfare. 相似文献