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301.
Joseph I. Uduji Elda N. Okolo‐Obasi Simplice A. Asongu 《Revue africaine de developpement》2019,31(3):348-363
Fertilizer use in Nigeria is estimated at 13 kg/ha, which is far below the 200 kg/ha recommended by the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). The objective of this investigation was to identify the determinant factors of farmers’ participation in Nigeria's Growth Enhancement Support Scheme (GESS). In addition, we determined the impact of the GESS on fertilizer use in rural areas. A total of 1,200 rural farmers were sampled across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. Results from the use of a recursive bivariate probit model indicated that GESS significantly impacted on the access and usage of fertilizer among the rural farmers; and that contact with extension agents, ownership of mobile phones, power for charging phone batteries, value output, mobile network coverage, ability to read and write were positive determinants of rural farmers’ participation in the GESS; whereas increased distance to registration and collection centers, and cultural constraints to married women reduced farmers’ tendency to participate in the GESS. The findings suggest that farmers’ participation in the GESS is a critical factor for raising fertilizer use in Nigeria. This implies that food security in sub‐Saharan Africa can be achieved by increasing the participation of rural farmers in the GESS. 相似文献
302.
O'Donnell Owen; van Doorslaer Eddy; Rannan-Eliya Ravi P.; Somanathan Aparnaa; Adhikari Shiva Raj; Harbianto Deni; Garg Charu C.; Hanvoravongchai Piya; Huq Mohammed N.; Karan Anup; Leung Gabriel M.; Ng Chiu Wan; Pande Badri Raj; Tin Keith; Tisayaticom Kanjana; Trisnantoro Laksono; Zhang Yuhui; Zhao Yuxin 《World Bank Economic Review》2007,21(1):93-123
The article compares the incidence of public healthcare across11 Asian countries and provinces, testing the dominance of healthcareconcentration curves against an equal distribution and Lorenzcurves and across countries. The analysis reveals that the distributionof public healthcare is prorich in most developing countries.That distribution is avoidable, but a propoor incidence is easierto realize at higher national incomes. The experiences of Malaysia,Sri Lanka, and Thailand suggest that increasing the incidenceof propoor healthcare requires limiting the use of user fees,or protecting the poor effectively from them, and building awide network of health facilities. Economic growth may not onlyrelax the government budget constraint on propoor policies butalso increase propoor incidence indirectly by raising richerindividuals' demand for private sector alternatives. 相似文献
303.
An easy method to construct efficient blocked mixture experiments in the presence of fixed and/or random blocks is presented. The method can be used when qualitative variables are involved in a mixture experiment as well. The resulting designs are
-optimal in the class of minimum support designs. It is illustrated that the minimum support designs are more efficient than orthogonally blocked mixture experiments presented in the literature and only slightly less efficient than -optimal designs. 相似文献
304.
Eugene N. White 《Cliometrica》2007,1(2):115-144
The crash of the French stock market in 1882 presented the Paris Bourse with its worst crisis of the nineteenth century. Its
structure was similar in key respects to today’s futures markets, with a dominant forward market leading the Bourse to adopt
a common fund to guarantee transactions and liquidity. While this mutualization of risk protects clients and brokers from
idiosyncratic shocks, it is generally assumed that it also provides considerable protection against systemic shocks, as no
twentieth century exchange has been forced to shut down. Using new archival data, this paper shows how a stock market crash
overwhelmed the Bourse’s common fund. Only an emergency loan from the Bank of France, intermediated by the largest banks,
prevented a closure of the Bourse.
相似文献
Eugene N. WhiteEmail: |
305.
While research and development (R&D) investment has been procyclical in the post-war period, recent literature suggests that
the optimal path for R&D is countercyclical, and that the economy would be better off by subsidizing R&D in recessions. The
objective of this paper is to analyze the welfare effects of distortions in the intertemporal allocation of R&D resources
and to compare diverse policy interventions so as to improve social welfare. To this end, we introduce a calibrated dynamic
stochastic general equilibrium model with Schumpeterian endogenous growth that is capable of explaining the observed procyclicality
of R&D. Our results show that the cost of business cycles is lower in the decentralized economy with procyclical R&D than
in the efficient allocation with countercyclical R&D. This is because the suboptimal propagation of shocks in the decentralized
equilibrium offsets some of the existing steady-state distortions. In this second-best context, countercyclical R&D subsidies have no positive effect on welfare. In contrast, fiscal policies aimed at restoring
the optimal steady-state produce large welfare gains. 相似文献
306.
We report on an experiment conducted to evaluate the effects of varying the way in which market information is presented to
participants in laboratory Cournot duopolies. We find that the most standard variations, which are the use of a profit table
or a profit calculator, yield indistinguishable performance. However, the addition of a best-response option to the profit
calculator tends to increase aggregate output to the Cournot level and decrease the incidence of tacit collusion. 相似文献
307.
Modeling the incidence of self‐employment has traditionally proved problematic. Although the supply‐side characteristics of the self‐employed are well documented, we argue that the literature has neglected demand‐side aspects. We explore the determinants of self‐employment using the U.S. Survey of Consumer Finances. We present results from an econometric framework that allows us to model, separately and simultaneously, the influences of individual heterogeneity (i.e., supply‐side factors) and employment type heterogeneity (i.e., demand‐side factors) on the probability of self‐employment. Our findings suggest that while individual characteristics are important determinants of self‐employment, there are factors specific to the type of employment that influence self‐employment. (JEL J23, J33, C25, C10) 相似文献
308.
Panagiotis N. Fotis Michael L. Polemis Nikolaos E. Zevgolis 《Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade》2011,11(1):67-89
This paper examines the possible effect of the derogation from suspension of concentrations by the Hellenic Competition Commission
(HCC) on the stock performance of the requested companies. For this reason, we examined 16 companies listed in the Athens
Stock Exchange (A.S.E) that are involved to 13 requested derogations from suspension during the period 1995–2008 by applying
and assessing the results of three different event study methodologies (market model, mean adjusted return model and market
adjusted return model). From the empirical findings, we conclude that the argument of the requested companies concerning the
subsequent negative effect on their stock performance if the derogation from suspension by the HCC is delayed or not granted
does not hold. On the contrary, the average abnormal and cumulative returns of the requested companies are positive and statistical
significant. In addition, the results of the three event study methodologies are robust. 相似文献
309.
Arminda M. Finisterra do Pa?o Jo?o Matos Ferreira M��rio Raposo Ricardo Gouveia Rodrigues Anabela Dinis 《Journal of International Entrepreneurship》2011,9(1):20-38
This paper aims to identify some factors that may be explaining differences among secondary students in start-up intentions.
For that, the study develops an entrepreneurial intention model sustained by the use of Azjen’s Theory of Planned Behaviour
(TBP). Using a sample of students aged between 14 and 15 years old, a questionnaire based on the Li?án and Chen’s Entrepreneurial
Intention Questionnaire was administrated. The purpose is to test a model of entrepreneurial intention using structural equations.
The findings point that TPB is an appropriate tool to model the development of entrepreneurial intention through pedagogical
processes and learning contexts. The education and training should centre itself much more in changing personal attitudes
than in knowledge. Moreover, it is desirable that an entrepreneurship educational programme could contribute to the development
of competences related to entrepreneurship, social and civic skills, and cultural awareness. 相似文献
310.
In this paper, we take up an approach of (Lindberg, in Bernoulli, 15(2):464–474, 2009) who introduced a new parameterization
of the Black–Scholes model that allows for an easy solution of the continuous-time Markowitz mean-variance problem. We generalize
the results of (Lindberg, in Bernoulli, 15(2):464–474, 2009) to a jump-diffusion market setting and slightly correct the proof
and the assertion of the main result. Further, we demonstrate the implications of the Lindberg parameterization for the stock
price drift vector in different market settings, analyse the dependence of the optimal portfolio from jump and diffusion risk
and finally indicate how to use the method. We particularly also show how the optimal strategy can be obtained with the restricted
use of historical data. 相似文献