全文获取类型
收费全文 | 990篇 |
免费 | 75篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 157篇 |
工业经济 | 49篇 |
计划管理 | 224篇 |
经济学 | 311篇 |
综合类 | 4篇 |
运输经济 | 13篇 |
旅游经济 | 12篇 |
贸易经济 | 196篇 |
农业经济 | 35篇 |
经济概况 | 57篇 |
邮电经济 | 7篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 13篇 |
2022年 | 10篇 |
2021年 | 24篇 |
2020年 | 35篇 |
2019年 | 24篇 |
2018年 | 43篇 |
2017年 | 57篇 |
2016年 | 49篇 |
2015年 | 35篇 |
2014年 | 63篇 |
2013年 | 171篇 |
2012年 | 61篇 |
2011年 | 37篇 |
2010年 | 49篇 |
2009年 | 31篇 |
2008年 | 39篇 |
2007年 | 24篇 |
2006年 | 17篇 |
2005年 | 16篇 |
2004年 | 19篇 |
2003年 | 18篇 |
2002年 | 26篇 |
2001年 | 19篇 |
2000年 | 16篇 |
1999年 | 11篇 |
1998年 | 12篇 |
1997年 | 11篇 |
1996年 | 13篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 11篇 |
1993年 | 7篇 |
1992年 | 15篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1970年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1065条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
Anders Pehrsson 《战略管理杂志》2006,27(3):265-282
Understanding of business relatedness and performance effects is the foundation of any diversification decision, but we have limited knowledge of how managers consider relatedness. This study identified relatedness classes and performance effects using perceptual survey data from top industrial executives. Four classes with significant variable differences were found: high, technology, customer, and low relatedness. Technology relatedness had a strong positive performance effect and high relatedness had a negative effect. The findings confirm that perceptions are multidimensional, but may include five key factors rather than the previously identified attribute categories of product–markets, resources, and value chains. Contributions to diversification literature are discussed. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
12.
Finn R. Førsund 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》1992,3(1-2):25-43
The trunk road system in Norway has to be supplemented by a number of ferries due to the long coastline with numerous islands and fjords. Most of the ferries are run by private companies, but at a loss. The deficit are covered by the Ministry of Transport. The subsidies have risen rapidly in the last years and have focussed attention on whether the ferries are really run as efficiently as possible. To change the incentives to economize, a lump-sum payment is considered. To implement such a system, an initial assessment of reasonable input requirements is needed. The aim of this article is to provide such a yardstick by establishing a best practice frontier. Both a non-parametric and a parametric approach to a deterministic frontier are tried and differences of results discussed. Peculiarities due to choice of methods are revealed. The efficiency distributions are quite similar for the two methods except for scale efficiency, where the parametric method indicates substantial unrealized scale economies, while the non-parametric approach shows the largest and some small ferries to be scale efficient. The results indicate a substantial rationalization potential of about 30 percent in total.I am indebted to three referees for forcing me to improve significantly the quality of the study. Any remaining shortcomings are, of course, my responsibility. 相似文献
13.
14.
Silvia Rizzi Søren Kjærgaard Marie-Pier Bergeron Boucher Carlo Giovanni Camarda Rune Lindahl-Jacobsen James W. Vaupel 《International Journal of Forecasting》2021,37(1):95-104
Mortality forecasting has crucial implications for insurance and pension policies. A large amount of literature has proposed models to forecast mortality using cross-sectional (period) data instead of longitudinal (cohort) data. As a consequence, decisions are generally based on period life tables and summary measures such as period life expectancy, which reflect hypothetical mortality rather than the mortality actually experienced by a cohort. This study introduces a novel method to forecast cohort mortality and the cohort life expectancy of non-extinct cohorts. The intent is to complete the mortality profile of cohorts born up to 1960. The proposed method is based on the penalized composite link model for ungrouping data. The performance of the method is investigated using cohort mortality data retrieved from the Human Mortality Database for England & Wales, Sweden, and Switzerland for male and female populations. 相似文献
15.
Access to both a local and a global network is needed in order to get complete connection to the Internet. The purpose of this article is to examine the interplay between those two networks and how it affects the domestic public policy towards a domestic provider of local access. We find that a cost-oriented regulation is detrimental to domestic welfare, because it shifts profit to the foreign provider of global access. The optimal policy is that the regulator commits itself to set an access price above costs, possibly the same price as in an unregulated market economy. A regulation of the global access price has a non-monotonic effect on domestic welfare, and there is a potential conflict between international and domestic regulation policy. 相似文献
16.
This paper discusses and contrasts two mainroles of forestry in light of the debate on theglobal climate. As the main problem is relatedto the increases of the CO2-concentrationin the atmosphere, forests may be viewed aspart of the alleviation of the problem throughtheir function as (i) a source of biomass forenergy production, which may replace fossilfuels and thus indirectly reduceCO2-emissions, and as (ii) carbon storage,since a growing forest extracts atmosphericCO2 and fixes it as carbon in biomass. Inthe Scandinavian forestry, logging residues areincreasingly being used for energy production.In this paper the value of forests as a sourceof bioenergy is added to the traditional timbervalue. Formulated as a joint production modelwithin the Faustmann framework, the effect ofthis addition on the optimal rotation length isdiscussed. Based on data for spruce, thedominant species in the Scandinavian forestry,it is demonstrated that the rotation length isshortened compared to the standard Faustmannmodel. Shorter rotation length implies lesscarbon storage. Therefore, in this modelwithout explicit regard to the social carbonstorage value of the forest, the gains in termsof the climate problem from utilisation offorest biomass for energy production are beingdiminished by the value of reduced carbonstorage. The carbon value of the forest is thenadded to complete the model, with the effect ofincreasing the rotation length, a result thatis well known in the literature. Finally, theempirical effects of the interaction of thesetwo climate-related value elements of theforest are discussed. 相似文献
17.
Catching up and falling behind,a vintage model approach 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Anders Skonhoft 《Journal of Evolutionary Economics》1995,5(3):285-295
The literature on catching up suggests that due to diffusion and imitation, relatively backward countries should grow at a faster rate. A model along lines suggested by Abramovitz is constructed to examine this. A country's change in productivity (technological gap) is supposed to depend on the productivity gap itself (relatively backwardness), social capability of adopting new technology, and R&D-activity. Together with a vintage growth model, this set-up gives a lot of different possible explanations of why growth rates differ among nations. The possibilities of both catching up and falling behind are considered. 相似文献
18.
In this paper, estimates of the elasticities that characterize the structure of demand for farmed salmon in Spain and Italy are reported. The demand models are specified using a Box-Cox transformation of the variables and a Hausman test is used to determine price endogeneity in the demand equations. The results show short-run unitary own-price elasticity of demand for farmed salmon in both markets, but long run estimates show significant elastic price response. Short run substitution of salmon for other fish species is not observed and, for both Spain and Italy, farmed salmon is characterized as a luxury good. Interestingly, we show that our a priori expectations about own-price elasticities being lower in smaller market areas is confirmed. Finally, the results obtained are compared to other recent results reported in the salmon demand literature. 相似文献
19.
Arne Martin Torgersen Finn R. Førsund Sverre A. C. Kittelsen 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》1996,7(4):379-398
In non-parametric methods many units are calculated as efficient. The article suggests a method for ranking efficient units, not by their efficiency, but by importance as benchmarks for the inefficient units, in contrast to earlier suggestions in the literature which rank units high if they are specialized. However, the total potentials for improvement frequently remain unrevealed by calculating radial efficiency measures of the Farrell type only. The article therefore first develops efficiency measures that explicitly extend the radial measures to include slacks. The new measures are applied to a typical multidimensional small-sample data set for Norwegian employment offices. 相似文献
20.
Given that electricity distribution is undertaken via a network, it is expected that costs of production are affected both by the nature of the network and the volume of physical output distributed via the network. This two-dimensional concept of firm size, that is involving network size (number of customers) and the level of physical output (kWh), also corresponds to the distinction between productivity measures of returns to density and returns to scale.This approach has been used to specify a restricted multioutput cost function and to estimate this function for the Norwegian electricity distribution industry through the use of a flexible functional form (translog). The results indicate that no economies of scale are present in the industry even for small plants when measured correctly, but that economics of density are present. 相似文献