世界贸易需要国际标准

今年10月14日是第28届世界标准日,ISO主席廖文良、IEC主席伯纳德·法尔克、ITU秘书长派卡·塔扎尼发表以“世界贸易需要国际标准”为主题的世界标准日祝词,祝词指出“标准总是与贸易紧密相连”。“世界贸易量的增长继续超过世界生产量的增长,市场正在变成全球性的”。“世界贸易组织(WTO)‘贸易技术壁垒协议’(TBT)明确认识到作为全球市场技术基础的国际标准的重要使用。贸易技术壁垒协议敦促各国政府最大可能地尽量地采用国际标准,以防止在商品自由流通中造成不必要的障碍”。     

管理者在塑造高绩效的员工中的职责

管理者常常会认为员工工作良好。当然会有一两名员工表现不够好，但是员工总体上表现优良。工作差的员工在组织中待不久，因为管理者会在他们影响其他员工之前，迅速让他们离开组织。留在组织中的员工为了应得的薪水而付出相应的努力。他们可靠而有见识，值得信赖，而且没有怨言地进行工作，但是他们的业绩是否超出管理者的期望了呢？事实并非如此。     

关于方案评分评价的一点改进

<正> 方案评分评价是对方案的技术性和经济性定量的综合评价,通过评价选出既经济且技术又先进合理的方案。现行的加权评分法、比值评分法、算术平均值法、几何平均值法均存在某些不足,分析如下:     

A child health production function estimated from longitudinal data. Cebu Study Team

Collaborating researchers used a multi equation model to analyze 3080 mother-infant pairs living on the island of Cebu in the central Philippines and to estimate a child health production function. The econometric methods used eliminated obstacles such as heterogeneity and endogeneity of significant explanatory factors. They also maximized the longitudinal quality of the data. The results showed that morbidity in 1 period reduced infant weight in following periods. For example, diarrhea and febrile respiratory infection reduced growth in the time period following the illnesses. Further effects of some contributing factors were great near birth not diminished with age. For example, breast feeding promoted growth and protected against infection, especially diarrhea and febrile respiratory infection, more substantially near birth than it did later. Further, in urban areas, preventive health care positively affected growth independently of its indirect influence on reducing respiratory infection. Yet it had little effect on diarrhea. Diarrhea had a strong adverse effect on growth. Exposure of the infant to enteric pathogens had the greatest influence on production of diarrhea. In urban areas, exposure included water supply contamination, exposure to feces, a more pathogenic diet, and community crowding. In rural areas, however, exposure included community crowding and increased rainfall which presumably washed feces into the water supply. Household crowding in both urban and rural areas and irritation from smoke in urban areas only tended to bring about febrile respiratory infection.     

对街头商贩的观察与评论

对街头商贩的观察与评论雷·布鲁利街头贩卖是世界各大城市自古就有的一种职业，虽然这一活动为经济注入了活力，但不少人把他们与拥挤、不卫生、不安全、逃税、出售劣质商品联系在一起。本文对世界各国的街头贩卖以全面评论，探讨这一经济活动长盛不衰的原因。资料主要...     

增创特区税收工作新优势

特区建设的实践表明,税收工作存在优势对经济的高速发展起着强大的不可替代的推动作用。在第二次创业中,特区税收工作如何增创新优势,为特区提供充足的财力保证,促进市场经济的发展,以及降低税收征纳成本,改善税收的投资环境,是当前一个十分重大的课题。     

货币储蓄与经济增长

近年来,我国储蓄波动较大,经济发展也是时缓时急。对于储蓄或经济增长的单个研究颇多,而把两者结合起来的探讨较少。本文试图从理论与实证分析的角度来讨论一下储蓄与经济增长的相关性,以便更好地发挥储     

The impact of flexible benefits plans on job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intentions

This study assesses the dimensionality of employee attitudes toward flexible benefits plans and the impact of these plans on measures of job satisfaction, commitment and turnover intent. The study points to the need for more work on the measurement of employee attitudes toward flexible benefits and on the nomological framework of flexible benefits as a construct in compensation research.