关于航空公司对维修中NFF件的应对策略

NFF部件一直困扰着各个航空公司,使航空公司的维修成本明显增加的同时,也对安全性增加着一层雾霾。因此航空公司要制定有效策略来减少NFF,或者减少NFF带来的损伤是未来航电设备广泛应用的重头戏。     

Measuring China’s domestic production networks through Trade in Value-added perspectives

Evaluating the role and performance of China's participation in Global value chains (GVCs) has been a hot policy and research issue in recent years. However, most GVCs-related literature about China focuses on country-to-country relations; less attention has been paid to China's domestic value chains (DVCs). GVCs should have their domestic foundations since strong linkages across domestic firms and regions can improve productivity through gains from specialization, which make domestic industries more competitive in GVCs in turn. This paper applies the so-called Trade in Value-added (TiVA) concept and the decomposition of domestic-regional trade in TiVA terms to re-measure the inter-industrial and interregional linkages in China's DVCs. We show that TiVA-based measures can significantly enrich our understanding on both the structure change of China's regional economy and the position and participation degree of Chinese regions in DVCs.     

制造型企业电子商务与供应链物流研究

电子商务的出现引领了世界经济领域的一场变革,而供应链物流作为一种新的物流实现模式,已成为现代物流业发展的一个新趋势。文章在研究电子商务和供应链物流的理论基础上,着重研究了电子商务和供应链物流在制造型企业中的运用与发展,以及在两者互相作用下构建的企业物流系统模式。     

Entrepreneurial cognition and internationalization speed: towards a potential moderating effect of experiential and rational information processing

This study explores the influence that entrepreneurial cognition, in terms of the dichotomy in human information processing, has on the earliness of internationalization and post-entry speed. Entrepreneurial cognition is investigated through the lens of the dual-process theory, which posits that human information processing is formed of two systems, the experiential cognitive system (System 1) and the rational and analytical cognitive system (System 2). The speed of the entire internationalization process is analyzed in terms of earliness (how soon after inception a company enters its first international market) and post-entry speed (how fast it enters new markets after the first internationalization). Drawing on ten cases, we find that companies that internationalized earlier and faster were managed by entrepreneurs with higher levels of the experiential cognitive system. In contrast, companies that internationalized later and more gradually were managed by entrepreneurs with higher levels of the rational cognitive system. Thus, our study reveals that the speed of the entire process of internationalization is governed, at least partially, by the entrepreneur’s cognition. On the basis of our findings, we introduce three propositions on the moderation that the entrepreneur’s cognition exerts on the well-established relations between environmental signals and both earliness of internationalization and post-internationalization speed.

     

“一带一路”倡议下的光伏项目投资风险评估研究--以乌兹别克斯坦共和国某光伏项目为例

随着全球对“碳中和”概念的逐渐认可,光伏将成为我国在“一带一路”倡议下可以输出的一种可靠项目,因此对光伏项目的投资风险评估研究就具有现实意义和必要性。通过实际调研和资料查阅,构建了“一带一路”倡议下的光伏项目风险评估指标体系,总结了光伏项目风险的主要四个来源。将之与TOPSIS法和灰色关联度分析法进行有效结合,建立了风险评估模型,并以乌兹别克斯坦的光伏投资项目为例进行定量分析,验证了所建立的风险评估指标体系和评估模型的合理性与实用性,分析找出风险来源,为管理其风险提供参考。     

我国反避税体系的局限及其立法完善

税收直接导致纳税人财产的减少,纳税人竭力通过税务筹划、避税和逃税,少缴纳或不缴纳税款,但是避税和逃税严重损害了国家的税收权益,造成了纳税人之间的不公平,因而国家致力于反避税。英美国家的反避税体系存在着对税收立法进行扩充解释的风险,给纳税人带来了诸多的不确定性因素。公平合理的反避税体系,应当在反制滥用性税收安排的同时,保护税务筹划的核心地带;应当确立疑则利于纳税人原则;应当使用排除法来划定滥用性税收安排与税务筹划之间的分界线;应当确立咨询专家组,以便纳税人和税务机关调整对滥用性税收安排与税务筹划之间分界线的理解。     

异质性厂商合作研发的最优投入水平及其成本分摊机制

在产品差异化的Betrand模型中引入具有需求创造效应的创新,构建一个异质性厂商进行合作研发和价格竞争的两阶段动态博弈模型,研究异质性厂商合作研发的最优研发投入以及研发成本的分摊机制.研究发现,异质性厂商间合作研发的最优研发投入水平和成本分摊比例主要取决于市场容量、自身价格效应、交叉价格效应及研发的需求创造效应;根据自身价格效应、交叉价格效应及研发的需求创造效应确定合作研发成本的分摊比例时,基于Betrand竞争的异质性厂商通过合作研发可以提高其均衡价格、产量和利润.     

跨国企业薪酬战略选择的影响因素

运用规范分析的方法,从资源依赖的角度分析本土文化和制度、内部资源对跨国公司薪酬战略的影响,提出了跨国薪酬战略应平衡全球标准化和本土化的观点。研究结果表明:跨国公司的薪酬策略必须与整个企业的发展战略保持一致;薪酬本土化和薪酬全球标准化之间的平衡受外部环境中的文化和制度因素的影响;跨国公司在制定薪酬策略时必须充分考虑其内部的资源控制和权力分配。     

外资银行进入对发展中国家银行信贷可得性的影响研究

如何引导外资银行增加东道国的信贷可得性,尤其是中小企业的信贷可得性,是目前理论和政策界争论的焦点问题之一。本文通过构建一个理论模型,分析了外资银行进入和国内信贷供给的关系,从市场均衡结果、社会福利、成本效率等几个角度对外资银行进入发展中的东道国的影响进行综合分析。模型结果表明,外资银行的进入并不必然增加一国的总体信贷水平、也并不必然提高东道国银行业的成本效率和整体社会福利,甚至在某些特定条件下,结果可能适得其反。     

美国制造业变迁与巨额贸易逆差的形成

当今的国际贸易和国际分工正呈现出崭新的格局,其中关国出现了全球所独有的巨额贸易逆差现象,并表现出逐年扩大的趋势。半个世纪以来,美国制造业变迁及制成品贸易的变化表明,由于美国制造业国际竞争力下降以及国际产业转移,尤其是近年来包括信息产业在内的许多产业逐步从美国转移到亚洲、欧洲等制造业相对发达的地区,因而美国与这些国家和地区之间的制成品贸易逆差不断扩大,最终导致美国近年来日益扩大的巨额贸易逆差。