供应链管理系统的信息安全问题分析

基于供应链管理的理论和虚拟专用网（VPN）技术,分析了当前物流信息管理及其技术平台中存在的安全问题,并结合供应链信息安全需求以及VPN在供应链管理中可实现的功能和作用．提出了构建供应链管理信息安全的VPN解决方案。     

CEO Inside Debt Incentives and Corporate Tax Sheltering

This paper examines the relation between CEO inside debt holdings (pension benefits and deferred compensation) and corporate tax sheltering. Because inside debt holdings are generally unsecured and unfunded liabilities of the firm, CEOs are exposed to risk similar to that faced by outside creditors. As such, theory (Jensen and Meckling [1976]) suggests that inside debt holdings negatively impact CEO risk‐appetite. To the extent that corporate tax shelters are likely to result in high cash flow volatility in the future, we expect that inside debt holdings will curb CEOs from engaging in tax shelter transactions. Consistent with the prediction, we document a negative association between CEO inside debt holdings and tax sheltering. Additional analyses suggest that the effect of inside debt on tax sheltering is more (less) pronounced in the presence of high default risk and liquidity threats (cash‐out options in pension packages). Overall, our results highlight the importance of investigating the implication of CEO debt‐like compensation for corporate tax policies.     

EVA考核对企业融资结构的影响研究

激励机制的有效性会对管理者行为产生影响,从而影响公司融资等财务决策,而对管理 者的绩效进行合理的评价是激励机制发挥作用的前提。本文以 2010 年国资委大力推行 EVA 考核 为切入点,借助 2007-2012 年我国国有上市公司数据,采用双重差分法,实证检验实施 EVA 考核 对企业融资结构的影响。研究发现,实施 EVA 考核对央企提升总体负债水平起到了促进作用;进 一步地,本文对债务的期限结构进行了划分,发现 EVA 考核对短期负债的影响大于对长期负债的 影响。本文为高管激励影响融资结构的研究提供了新的研究视角,同时也为 EVA 考核制度的完善 及推广提供了理论与经验借鉴。     

The Reluctant Analyst

We estimate the dynamics of recommendations by financial analysts, uncovering the determinants of inertia in their recommendations. We provide overwhelming evidence that analysts revise recommendations reluctantly, introducing frictions to avoid frequent revisions. More generally, we characterize the sources underlying the infrequent revisions that analysts make. Publicly available data matter far less for explaining recommendation dynamics than do the recommendation frictions and the long‐lived information that analysts acquire but the econometrician does not observe. Estimates suggest that analysts structure recommendations strategically to generate a profitable order flow from retail traders. We provide extensive evidence that our model describes how investors believe analysts make recommendations, and that investors value private information revealed by analysts' recommendations.     

Reconsidering the Relationship between Inflation and Relative Price Variability

It has long been popularly believed that the relationship between inflation and relative price variability (RPV) is positive and stable. Using disaggregated CPI data for the United States and Japan, however, this study finds that the relationship is neither linear nor stable over time. The overall relationship is approximately U‐shaped around a nonzero threshold inflation rate. RPV therefore changes not with the inflation rate per se, but with the deviation of inflation from the threshold inflation rate. More importantly, the relationship is by no means stable over time but instead varies significantly in a way that coincides with regime changes of inflation or monetary policy. The relationship was positive during the period of high inflation of the 1970s and the early 1980s, as has been documented by a number of previous studies, whereas it takes a U‐shape profile during the Great Moderation. The results are robust to the use of core inflation, which excludes the traditionally volatile prices of food and energy. This paper then presents a modified version of the Calvo‐type sticky price model to describe the observed empirical regularities. Simulation experiments show that the modified Calvo model fits the data well, and that the underlying relationship hinges upon the degree of price rigidity, which is systematically related to inflation regime. For countries and periods with low inflation rates, the relationship takes a U‐shape as price adjustment is more sticky. In a high‐inflation environment, when price setting becomes more flexible, the U‐shaped profile vanishes.     

国民政府时期农本局与现代农业金融

农本局曾作为国民政府调整农业金融的机关,通过辅导成立合作社,辅助设立合作金库,建立农业仓库,初步建立起一套实行农贷的网络,这些都促进了现代农业金融的发展,一定程度上流通了农业金融,打击了农村的高利贷。由于存在一些问题,农本局没有完全实现其调整农业金融的目标,最后农贷业务移交给中国农民银行。     

国有资本参股会影响民营企业的内部控制质量吗

混合所有制改革是进一步巩固和完善社会主义基本经济制度的重要举措,在推动经营机制转换、优化市场资源配置、提升企业运营效率等方面取得了显著成效。但是现有关于混合所有制改革经济后果的研究多集中在“正向混改”领域,而“反向混改”领域的研究相对较少,且对于民营企业内部治理机制缺乏深入系统的分析。为此,文章以2003-2021 年A 股上市公司为样本,研究国有资本的加入对民营企业内部控制质量产生的影响。研究发现：首先,国有资本参股能够通过提高民营企业的治理水平、增加媒体关注度、缓解民营企业的融资约束从而显著提升民营企业的内部控制质量。其次,进一步分析表明,国有资本参股的积极作用在有政治关联的企业和非家族企业更为显著;同时对于国资主体而言,其正面作用在地方国有企业及内部控制质量高的国有企业中更为明显。最后,本文发现,国有企业参股在内部控制战略、经营、报告、合规等层面均发挥一定积极作用,从而促进了民营企业内部控制整体质量提升。文章的发现丰富了“反向混改”经济后果以及企业内部控制质量影响因素的相关文献,为深化混合所有制改革提供了新的理论支撑和经验证据。     

发挥税收作用促进和谐社会建构

当前,构建社会主义和谐社会问题已成为社会关注的热点。税收作为国家实施宏观经济调控的重要杠杆,对社会主义和谐社会的建构具有促进作用,要尽快推进税制改革,合理制定税收奖限政策,建立和谐的税收征纳关系,促进社会主义和谐社会的建构。     

基础设施市政债券融资的法律保障分析

随着各种投融资方式的创新,市政债券在我国基础设施投融资领域受到更多的关注.受制于现有的法律法规,基础设施市政债券融资方式在我国并没有得到规范的运作.此外,市政债券的运作过程中,涉及面极其广泛,各种利益关系也十分复杂,需要有一个相对完善的法律体系给予充分的法律保障.本文对市政债券现用法律存在的法律障碍进行全面的分析,提出了建立专项法律的思想,在专项法律的基础上,进一步完善市政债券的配套法律法规,在法律上为市政债券的规范运作提供充分的保障.     

基于交易成本理论的工程合同类型与交易成本探讨

工程合同类型选择问题在工程实践中研究较为广泛,然而对于该问题的更深层次的探讨,特别是在经济学领域的探索却相对较少。在经济学理论影响社会显著发展的当今,应用经济学理论探讨社会经济问题是十分必要的。论文以新制度经济学中交易成本理论研究成果为基础,通过对交易成本的重新理解,分析其与不同合同类型问的联系,得到具有一定指导性的结论,有助于进一步研究和探索。