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71.
Seit einigen Jahren stellt der Europäische Gerichtshof vermehrt Regelungen der
nationalen Steuersysteme in Hinblick darauf in Frage, ob sie mit dem EG-Recht konform
gehen. Im aktuellen Fall Marks & Spencer entscheidet der Gerichtshof, ob Konzerne
Verluste ausländischer Töchter mit inländischen Gewinnen verrechnen dürfen. Welche
Wirkung hätte eine EU-weite Verlustverrechnung auf das deutsche Steueraufkommen?Prof. Dr. Clemens Fuest, 36, ist Direktor des Finanzwissenschaftlichen
Forschungsinstituts an
der Universität zu Köln und Mitglied des Wissenschaftlichen
Beirats beim Bundesministerium der
Finanzen; Thomas Hemmelgarn, 30, Dipl.-Volkswirt,
ist Mitarbeiter an demselben Institut; Fred
Ramb, 39, Dipl.-Volkswirt, ist Mitarbeiter der
Deutschen Bundesbank, Economic Research
Centre, in Frankfurt. Dieser Artikel repräsentiert
die persönliche Auffassung der Autoren und entspricht
nicht notwendigerweise der Position der
Deutschen Bundesbank oder ihrer Mitarbeiter. 相似文献
72.
73.
Previous studies on strategic groups have mainly focused on their static characteristics in order to test the theory of strategic groups and intraindustry performance differences (Porter, 1979; Cool and Schendel, 1988; Fiegenbaum and Thomas, 1990). In contrast, this study takes a longitudinal, dynamic perspective and describes the forces driving strategic group membership and structural evolution. It proposes that a strategic group acts as a reference point for group members in formulating competitive strategy. A partial adjustment model of strategic mobility is then developed which incorporates the idea of a strategic group as a reference group. It models strategic change in an industry both within and across strategic groups. The model is tested in the context of an in-depth industry analysis of the more significant firms in the insurance industry over the 1970-84 time period. The results suggest that strategic groups act as reference points for firm strategies and that predictions of future firm strategies and industry/group structures may also be successfully derived. 相似文献
74.
75.
Entrepreneurs and the Process of Obtaining Resources 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
This paper examines the process of how entrepreneurs assemble resources. In the model, the entrepreneur's challenge is to convince two complementary resource providers to commit their resources to a new venture. Before committing their resources, one of them needs to perform a costly evaluation. The entrepreneur has a problem with getting sufficient attention, because each provider has an incentive to wait and free-ride on the other's evaluation. For some parameters the entrepreneur solicits both partners with equal intensity ("knocking on every door"); for others, the entrepreneur always solicits the same partner ("pestering"). For many but not all parameter ranges, the process of assembling resources takes too much time relative to what is socially efficient. The model thus explores what factors facilitate or hinder the creation of new firms. 相似文献
76.
Airports in the US air transport network have become increasingly congested, leading to delays for business travelers and freight shipments. Since disruptions in one part of the network exacerbate problems throughout the system, airport infrastructure expansions to enhance air traffic flows confer travel-time savings and reliability benefits, and thus increased worker productivity and shipping efficiency for manufacturing firms. We evaluate such spillovers, and find that higher own-state airport infrastructure implies lower manufacturing costs from both labor- and materials-savings. Airport expansion in connected states has a comparable effect for states with hub airports, and an even greater impact for other states. 相似文献
77.
Thomas Christiaans Thomas Eichner Rüdiger Pethig 《Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control》2007,31(12):3965-3985
Based on economic methodology we model an ecosystem with two species in predator–prey relationship: mice feed on grain and grain feeds on a resource. With optimizing behavior of individual organisms a short-run ecosystem equilibrium is defined and characterized that depends on the farmer's use of fertilizer and pesticide and on the mice population which, in turn, is affected by pesticides. In that way, a microfounded agricultural production function is derived. Linking a sequence of short-run ecosystem equilibria yields the growth function of the mice population which is thus derived rather than assumed. In each period the farmer harvests all grain in excess of some given amount of seed. If she maximizes her present-value profits, optimal farming is characterized by either using no pesticide or a moderate amount of pesticide or by applying a chattering control. Pest eradication is never optimal. On the other hand, if the farmer takes into account steady-state mice populations only, it may be optimal to eradicate mice or to use no or a moderate amount of pesticide depending on prices as well as on the shape of the grain production function which is determined by microparameters of grain reproduction. 相似文献
78.
Group decision-making: Head-count versus intensity of preference 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper puts forth a framework for reshaping the group decision-making process. The proposed framework extends from the usual one-issue-at-a-time decision-making to one that involves several related issues simultaneously. Weaknesses of the traditional majority voting mechanism are first identified, and then a different voting method that takes each individual voter's sentiment into account is discussed. Specifically, a decision-maker is asked to express his/her intensity of preference for the issues encountered. Three hierarchical structures—benefits, costs, and risks—are developed to evaluate the alternatives. Due to the nature of pairwise comparisons and synthesis, the proposed method is amenable to consensus building and has higher reliability and consistency. It can be used for candidate selection, e.g. governmental election, when a large population is involved. It is also effective for resource allocation and prioritization when a small group or business is concerned. We believe the proposed approach has potential for resolving deficiencies of the conventional voting mechanism, and can be applied to many real-world problems. Its implementation on the Internet is also discussed. 相似文献
79.
Prior research has employed a number of methods to test for speculative bubbles in asset prices, including a method based
on the concept of duration dependence. This study explores whether duration dependence tests for speculative bubbles are sensitive
to specification decisions. Our results question the efficacy of using measures of duration dependence to test for speculative
bubbles. In particular, we find that evidence of duration dependence is sensitive to the method of correcting for discrete
observation of continuous duration, the use of value-weighted versus equally weighted portfolios, and the use of monthly versus
weekly runs of abnormal returns. (JEL C41, G12) 相似文献
80.
Robert Dahlstrom Kevin M. McNeilly Thomas W. Speh 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》1996,24(2):110-124
This study presents a two-phase model of interfirm exchange in the logistical supply industry. The first phase uses transaction
cost analysis to identify conditions leading to market-based transactions, unilateral agreements, and bilateral alliances.
The second phase illustrates how formal controls and relational norms yield performance in market, unilateral, and bilateral
governance systems. A test of the model with data from 189 logistical supply relationships suggests that bilateral alliances
emerge through the interaction of user investments in the logistics supplier, supplier logistical services, and marketplace
uncertainty. Bilateral alliances attain desired outcomes through participative management and flexibility. By contrast, market-based
transactions yield desired outcomes through formalization and solidarity. Unilateral agreements gain performance through formalization,
participation, information sharing, and solidarity. Implications for logistics management and theory are discussed.
He received his Ph.D. in marketing from the University of Cincinnati. His research interests include relationship marketing
and marketing channels. His articles have appeared in theJournal of Retailing, Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, Marketing Letters, Omega: The International Journal
of Management Science, and elsewhere.
She received her Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Her research has concentrated on business-to-business
marketing relationships, with a focus on means to improve coordination, and on sales management, with an emphasis on ways
to enhance diversity, improve performance, and reduce turnover. Her articles have appeared in theJournal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, Journal of Business Research, Marketing Letters, Journal of Business-to-Business
Marketing, and elsewhere.
He is also the director of the Warehousing Research Center (WRC). He received his Ph.D. from Michigan State University. Industrial
marketing strategy, marketing and logistics interfaces, logistics and warehousing management are his primary areas of expertise
and interest. He has published articles in theJournal of Marketing, Journal of Retailing, Journal of Business Logistics, Industrial Marketing Management, and elsewhere. He has also written a leading industrial marketing text and a variety of warehousing and logistics monographs. 相似文献