管道防腐技术的质量控制与应用

因管道腐蚀穿孔而不得不重新更换管线的施工活动经常发生。从而管道腐蚀造成的损失极为巨大,所以管道腐蚀一直是困扰油田地面建设的一个重要问题。而防腐质量的好坏,直接影响着管道的使用寿命,因此,分析还氧粉末外喷涂技术在管线防腐工程中的应用情况,对防腐质量控制有着非常重要的意义。     

The differential effects of CEO narcissism and hubris on corporate social responsibility

Research Summary: While prior studies have predominantly shown that CEO narcissism and hubris exhibit similar effects on various strategic decisions and outcomes, this study aims to explore the mechanisms underlying how narcissistic versus hubristic CEOs affect their firms differently. Specifically, we investigate how peer influence moderates the CEO narcissism/hubris—corporate social responsibility (CSR). With a sample of S&P 1500 firms for 2003–2010, we find that the positive relationship between CEO narcissism and CSR is strengthened (weakened) when board‐interlocked peer firms invest less (more) intensively in CSR than a CEO's own firm; the negative relationship between CEO hubris and CSR is strengthened when peer firms are engaged in less CSR than a CEO's own firm. Managerial Summary: Some CEOs are more narcissistic while others may be more hubristic, but these two groups of CEOs hold different attitudes toward the extent to which their firms should engage in corporate social responsibility (CSR). Our findings with a large sample of U.S. publically listed firms suggest that narcissistic CEOs care more about CSR, but hubristic CEOs care less. Interestingly, when narcissistic CEOs observe their peer firms engaging in more or less CSR than their own firms, they tend to respond in an opposite manner; in contrast, hubristic CEOs will only engage in even less CSR when their peers also do not emphasize CSR. Our findings point to a fundamental difference between CEO narcissism and hubris in terms of how they affect firms' CSR decisions based on their social comparison with peer firms.     

Activist‐impelled divestitures and shareholder value

Research Summary : This study analyzes how the divestitures that are impelled by activist investors in their campaigns against public corporations affect shareholder value. Using hand‐collected data on the activist campaigns that were launched against and the divestitures that were undertaken by Fortune 500 companies between 2007 and 2015, we find that activist‐impelled divestitures are more positively associated with immediate and longer‐term measures of shareholder value than comparable manager‐led divestitures. These performance differences persist for nearly two years after the completion of these deals. Our results empirically test the idea that firms with agency problems unlock shareholder value when they divest, and support the notion that activist investors fulfill an important external governance function. Our work also opens new research opportunities and offers practical implications as well. Managerial Summary : This study investigates how divestitures that are undertaken at the behest of activist investors affect shareholder value. We find that divestitures that were undertaken under pressure from activist investors are associated with more positive shareholder returns than comparable divestitures that were undertaken voluntarily by managers. These performance differences persist for nearly two years after the completion of these deals, alleviating concerns about the purported short‐termism of activist investors. Our findings suggest that activist investors may fulfill an important governance function by inducing managers to undertake strategies that they might not otherwise pursue, thereby unlocking shareholder value.     

A social network supported CAI model for tacit knowledge acquisition

Freehand sketching is one of the most important and commonly used methods of generating and sharing budding ideas during the conceptual development portion of the preliminary phase of design. To develop one’s skills, prolonged practice, acquiring instant feedback and suggestions while practicing are invaluable. The two key and indispensable parts of learning draftsmanship are viewing and commenting on large numbers of free hand sketches. However, due to insufficient educational resources, instructors must spend most of their time engaged in class-room teaching, reducing the time allotted for one-on-one discussion and specialized assistance. Furthermore, the lack of sketch grading criteria can prevent students from developing proper insights into the essentials of sketching. As a result, students neither receive personalized feedback nor acquire adequate training in critiquing freehand sketching skills. These factors decrease learning effectiveness and negatively impact learning motivation. In order to solve this problem, this research has created a discussion platform on Facebook that utilizes the learning characteristics essential to developing proficiency in freehand sketching. It includes practice, observation, and comments. It has been found that this cultivates the subjects’ ability to judge freehand sketch quality and increases learning motivation and effectiveness through the process of peer-assessment. After participating in the one-semester teaching experiment, the abilities of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group, demonstrating that the online sketch discussion platform has a significant impact on freehand sketch learning.     

采油测试压力表检定装置技术评定

采用一支相对稳定的准确度等级为1.0级、量程为0~30MPa的一般压力表,按照JJF 1033-2008《计量标准考核规范》,同时结合JJF 1059.1-2012《测量不确定评定与表示》的要求,对建标后的采油测试压力表检定装置进行技术评定和校验,实现、保存和复现对采油测试压力表的量值传递。在一定范围内开展一定准确度等级采油测试压力表的校准或检测,以达到对该采油测试压力表检定装置进行复查考核的相关要求。结果表明,准确度等级为0.25级的压力表检定装置,重复性考核符合JJF1033-2008相关条款的要求,可以完成1.0级及其以下的压力表的校准工作。     

第四方物流运作主体的信用机制构建研究

信用关系的建立和维护已经成为经济生活中非常重要的一部分,作为这几年新兴的市场交易形式--第四方物流,在目前这样一个尚不成熟的阶段更需要对建立和维护各个主体之间信用关系的机制构建进行研究。第四方物流运作中各主体之间信用机制的构建对于实现信息资源共享,有效降低交易成本,建立相对稳定的第四方物流市场有着十分重要的作用。本文运用博弈论的方法提出基于合同预付或抵押的信用保障机制,并给出相应行为的奖惩措施,以宁波在第四方物流市场上信用信息平台的建设为例,得出要建立和维护主体之间良好的信任关系应该注意的几个重要因素和相应的解决措施。     

我国区域物流发展时空差异及收敛性研究——基于地理加权空间计量模型的实证分析

本文在对我国各省区2010～2014年的物流发展状况进行统计描述的基础上,先后构建线性回归方程和地理加权空间计量模型,最终选用模型显著性较高的地理加权空间计量模型分析我国省区物流发展水平的收敛性。发现我国区域物流发展水平虽然整体上呈现出收敛的趋势,但是空间差异较突出;另外,我国物流发展水平平均收敛速度在空间上具有明显的聚集效应,平均收敛速度呈现出明显的由西向东梯度递减的趋势。最后根据实证结果提出促进区域物流一体化的相关建议。     

中国省域经济发展影响因素及其时空规律研究——基于GTWR模型

文章基于2006～2013年中国省会城市数据,应用时空加权回归模型（GTWR）,将时间和空间信息纳入到模型之中,从空间异质性的角度考察我国各个省域的教育、FDI、固定资产投资、产业结构、进出口贸易对GDP的空间交互作用及影响差异。研究结果表明,各影响因素存在着不可忽视的个体差异,这种差异导致经济发展水平在时间,空间分布上具有显著的异质性特征;随着时间和空间的推移,教育对经济发展的促进作用不断增强并呈现出东高西低的格局;FDI对经济增长的推动作用不断增强并呈现出异质性特征;固定资产投资对各地经济增长贡献减弱;进出口贸易对各地经济增长贡献增强。因此,加强各地区教育水平,优化产业 结构成为各地区经济均衡发展的关键。     

中小企业技术创新的公司治理环境调查研究

公司治理结构与机制决定着中小企业技术创新行为。文章设计并发放包括中小企业公司章程、股权结构、三会状况、经营者、利益相关者五个方面内容的调查问卷,分析了中小企业技术创新的治理环境及其存在的主要问题,并为进一步提高中小企业公司治理水平提出政策建议,以更好地指导中小企业公司治理实践,进而提高中小企业技术创新的能力,培育持久竞争优势。     

金融危机下国际金融体系改革的思考

国际金融体系改革的呼声由来已久,本次金融危机再次暴露出现有国际金融体系的重大缺陷：美元在现行国际货币体系中的垄断与霸权地位,现行国际金融组织体系缺乏独立性和权威性,现行国际金融监管体系不完善等。因此,要改造和重塑现行国际金融体系：改革国际货币体系,促进国际货币体系的多元化,打破美元的垄断霸权;推动国际金融组织改革,提高发展中国家在国际金融组织中的代表性和发言权;加强国际金融监管合作,完善国际金融监管体系等等。