德国如何成功举办世界杯足球赛

2006年德国世界杯足球赛是2008年北京奥运会之前全球最大的体育赛事。北京市发改委奥运经济高级顾问黄为专程前往德国，为北京奥运求取真经。[编者按]     

Approximating unanimity orderings: An application to Lorenz dominance

Stochastic dominance and Lorenz dominance are examples of orderings which require unanimous agreement among an infinite set of indices. This paper considers various subsets of inequality measures that respect Lorenz dominance, and assesses the extent to which a small number of indices can reproduce the Lorenz ordering. Using income data for 80 countries, our results suggest that Lorenz dominance can be predicted with 99% accuracy using just 3 or 4 inequality measures, as long as two of them focus on the extreme upper and lower tails of the distribution. In contrast, confining attention to the index families and parameter ranges normally considered may fail to detect the majority of occasions when Lorenz curves intersect. These results lead us to question the faith placed in procedures based on a finite set of inequality indices, and to suggest that similar lessons will apply to other types of unanimity orderings.     

构建社会主义和谐社会与公共关系

构建社会主义和谐社会,是我国全面建设小康社会、开创中国特色社会主义事业新局面的一项重大任务,适应了我国改革发展进入关键时期的客观要求,体现了广大人民群众的根本利益和共同愿望。公共关系作为组织内求团结、外求合作的传播沟通艺术,正是一种追求组织与组织,组织与社会和谐共存、和谐交往、和谐发展的社会活动。文章就公共关系的历史、本质、职能等方面谈公共关系在构建和谐社会中的作用。     

人力资源外包:提升中小企业集聚效应的新途径

一、人力资源外包服务的发展 外包是在20世纪90年代西方企业实施“回归主业，强化核心业务”的大背景下风行起来的一种企业新战略手段。其核心思想是企业在内部资源有限的情况下，为取得更大的竞争优势，仅保留其最具竞争优势的业务，而将其他业务委托给比自己更具成本优势和专有知识的企业。     

CRIME AND POVERTY: A SEARCH‐THEORETIC APPROACH*

Numerous studies document that criminal activity is positively related to unemployment and negatively related to educational attainment levels within given communities. We study this phenomenon in the context of a search‐equilibrium model, in which agents choose between formal employment and pursuing crime‐related activities (theft). Prior to their “occupational choices,” agents undertake costly schooling, raising their productivity. Crime acts, in essence, as a tax on human capital by affecting the probability that a worker's earnings (possessions) are subsequently appropriated. There are multiple equilibria. High crime, low levels of educational attainment, long spells of unemployment, and poverty are correlated across them.     

东部沿海八省市利用外资比较分析

随着引进外资量的不断增加，资金短缺局面的改善，我国应转变利用外资战略，更为重视利用外资的质量和绩效。经济发达的东部沿海地区利用了我国绝大部分的外资。本文以我国东部沿海地区三大经济区域（环渤海经济区、长江三角洲、珠江三角洲）的八个省市作为样本，对其利用外资的规模、业绩、质量、效益及潜力进行比较，客观地评价和审视其对外资的使用。     

Produktgarantien und Aktienkrise — Implikationen für die Kapitalanlagepolitik von Lebensversicherungsunternehmen

The present contribution analyzes the implications of two central factors influencing the asset allocation decision of (German) life insurance companies, the development of the equity market on one hand and the interest rate guarantees included in traditional life insurance products on the other. The adverse development of share prices in 2000–2002 implies the necessity to consider not only ?normal“ volatility but also worst case-developments for the purpose of risk control. Formally this is done by using the risk measures value-at-risk and conditional value-at-risk. The specific ?myopic“ nature of interest rate guarantees in German life insurance products, which are granted on a yearly basis implies — beyond the general control of the shortfall risk with respect to the guaranteed interest rates — the necessity to per-form the asset allocation on a yearly basis to be in conformity with the time horizon of the liabilities.On the basis of a quantitative approach corresponding model calculations are performed. Thereby not only a pure market valuation is considered but also institutional peculiarities (hidden reserves, accounting norms) of German life insurance companies. The possibility of a riskless one-year investment, either based on market values or on balance sheet values, is revealed to be crucial for giving interest rate guarantees on a yearly basis.     

Branding and relationships: Customer and supplier perspectives

This paper explores and investigates the role of branding within financial services. Specifically, the study aims to assess the importance of branding and its associated elements including brand image and brand experience in the relationships that exist between consumers and their financial brands. It aims to achieve this through research, which identifies gaps between the managerial and consumer perspectives on branding in relationships in retail financial services. It is well established that the characteristics of services are different from those of manufactured goods and that service personnel play a central role in the services experience. Moreover, the concept of relationship marketing within services proclaims the importance of one-to-one relationships between businesses and customers as well as relationships between consumers and their brands. Drawing from the fields of brand management, relationship marketing and services marketing, this research aims to investigate the perceptional differences between consumers and suppliers in relation to the importance of branding in financial service relationships. The research findings indicate that brand experience appears to be far more salient than brand image in shaping and building meaningful and lasting brand perceptions and promoting customer retention.