Aging: Some Pleasant Fiscal Arithmetic

Projections of age-related public expenditure growth have raised widespread concerns about fiscal sustainability. This paper examines how total expenditure would develop under four policy rules on public expenditure growth. Some simple arithmetic of expenditure, GDP, and population is reviewed and applied in simulations for 19 OECD countries over 2000–50. A general and a specific conclusion arise from the results. Generally, long-term expenditure projections could benefit from revisiting common assumptions on non-age-related expenditure growth. Specifically, realistic gradual adjustment in non-age-related expenditures could go a long way towards maintaining fiscal sustainability under age-related spending pressures.

对于我国公平与效率关系的经济学思考

本文主要通过对我国公平与效率关系的描述及当前面临的现状的分析,运用帕累托效率的分析方法,得出公平与效率本质上具有一致性的结论,在此基础上提出公平与效率可以实现最优结合。我国目前正值“十一五”规划纲要的实施初期,大力发展和谐社会,应该在微观领域体现效率优先的原则,宏观领域公平优先的原则,来实现二者的最优结合。     

Trends in fall injuries associated with children's outdoor climbing frames

Falls from publicly owned climbing equipment are often cited as the major cause of injury on children's outdoor playgrounds and have been the focus of substantial interventions in the UK since the early 1980s. Analysis of national data on falls from climbing frames for 1988 to 2002 shows that the main discernible trend during this period is an increase in the occurrence of injuries to the lower arm. Whether this is attributable to a behavioural response to some of the interventions, or to some other factor, is unknown.     

漫谈执行力

<正>前不久,听到这样一则故事,大意是:有一位猎人去狩猎,发现了一只兔子。他举枪击中了兔子的一条腿,然后命令猎狗去追赶。过了一会儿,猎狗气喘吁吁地空口而归,说道:"我尽力了,但没追上。"兔子逃回了窝,向同伴们讲述了刚才惊险的一幕,说:"我是拼命跑回来的,要不就没命了"。     

农业税改对东营农村经济影响分析

自实施农业税制改革以来,山东省东营市认真贯彻国家各项农业税制改革政策,于2005年全部免除农业税,大力加强财政支农和金融支农力度,有力地促进了社会主义新农村建设。本文从东营市入手深入调查研究了我国农业税制改革对该市农村经济所带来的积极影响与负面作用,并进一步分析了金融、财政在支持“三农”过程中所存在的问题,最后提出了对策、建议。     

刍议我国工业企业物流人才开发策略

21世纪,物流必将成为企业发展的“第三利润源泉”,而我国的工业企业物流发展非常滞后,其中最重要的一个原因就是工业企业物流人才开发的落后。因此,进行我国工业企业物流人才开发研究具有积极意义。本文针对我国工业企业现代物流理念薄弱、基层物流操作人才和高级物流管理人才的全面缺乏,提出了重视普及物流理念、完善在职培训机制、别具一格引进人才等开发策略。     

跨国公司与中国企业的自主创新

当前经济全球化和区域经济一体化进程不断加速,创新已成为提升中国企业竞争力的一个关键因素,同时,中外创新环境也发生了新变化。为了保持自己的领先优势,西方国家对中国实行技术限制与封锁,跨国公司在技术输出、转让、专利、抑制技术外溢等方面实行了一些新战略。中国企业已经深刻认识到:原有的经营模式已难以为继,创新已成为发展瓶颈;用市场和金钱换不回、买不到核心技术;"中国制造"如何向"中国创造"转变?必须加强系统整合,提升产业层级,构建核心竞争力,创建自主品牌,才是唯一出路。     

Insolvent trading and voluntary administration in Australia: economic winners and losers?

Australian directors who incur debts while their companies are insolvent can be pursued by the corporate regulator for compensation when their companies fail. Under the Australian insolvent trading laws, directors no longer experience ‘true’ limited liability, and as expected, they adjust their behaviour as a result. Identifying director's rational behaviour in an insolvent trading world is difficult as there are no formal economic models of director decision-making under Australian current corporate law. In this paper, we develop such a model primarily for private companies. We incorporate the threat of insolvent trading as well as director's tactical use of voluntary administration to avoid insolvent trading litigation. We show that neither a combination of insolvent trading or voluntary administration can simultaneously ensure creditors-best outcomes, eliminate insolvent trading and reduce director underinvestment.