制造业内部控制对真实盈余管理的影响研究——兼不同产权性质下的比较

以2013年沪深A股1 315家制造业公司为研究对象,利用其2011-2013年的数据,采用迪博内部控制指数量化衡量内部控制质量,检验内部控制对真实盈余管理的影响。研究发现,高质量的内部控制能够降低上市公司的销售性操控、生产成本操控和酌量性费用操控水平,从而降低上市公司的真实盈余管理程度。进一步研究发现,无论是国有控股公司还是非国有控股公司,内部控制都能有效抑制真实盈余管理,且在国有控股公司中其抑制作用更强。     

企业家社会资本对文化企业财政支持可获性的影响——基于江苏省文化企业调研数据的实证研究

财政支持是影响文化企业发展的重要政策因素.文章首先将企业家社会资本分为企业家政治关系资本和企业家商业关系资本 ,在此基础上使用178家江苏地区文化企业实地调研数据 ,构建计量经济模型实证检验了企业家社会资本对文化企业财政支持可获性的影响.研究结果发现:企业家政治关系资本对文化企业财政支持可获性具有正向影响 ,但在统计上不显著;企业家商业关系资本对文化企业财政支持可获性具有显著正向影响 ,且企业家商业关系资本的作用明显大于企业家政治关系资本 ,这表明地方政府在决定是否对文化企业给予财政支持时 ,明显淡化了以往侧重于通过行政权力主导补贴资金的传统做法 ,而更多地遵循了通过市场机制来配置公共财政资源的原则.     

公司会计治理与公司治理:同构、嵌入还是交叉?

公司会计治理通常被看作是公司治理的一部分,而且将公司会计治理看作是嵌入公司治理中或与公司治理同构。因此,以公司治理为导向的会计治理强调弥合公司治理中委托代理关系链务的缺陷及其对审计独立性的影响。本文从会计信息产权演变的角度将公司会计治理从公司治理中“解析”出来,认为公司治理与公司会计治理同源于委托代理难题,但治理的基础和目标不同,公司治理的监督机制与会计治理对监督机制的内在需求是不同的,因此,公司会计治理结构与公司治理结构应该是交叉的或大部分同构,同属于现代企业组织制度的范畴。本文主张应按照公司会计治理的逻辑结构及其与公司治理的关联性对其进行研究和建构。     

Strategic technology choice in regulated markets with demand uncertainty

This paper presents a simple model of a non-competitive market with demand uncertainty in which firms can choose their technology of production. Technology is characterised by two parameters: capacity and flexibility. The first has a strong commitment value while flexibility is needed to face uncertainty. Lack of competition requires active regulation to ensure that the price is not set at excessive level. When choosing their technology, firms take into account not only the effects of this choice on the opponent(s) but also the effect on the regulated price. In this framework, and because of regulation, firms have an incentive to strategically manipulate their cost (cost padding). This causes monopoly regulation aiming at improving allocative efficiency to be ineffective. In fact, by “tying its hand” to a low level of capacity, the monopolistic firm is able to get round the constraint imposed by the regulator. Increasing the number of firms in the market may restore regulation effectiveness. The reason is that if demand is sufficiently volatile, then firms strategically choose flexible techniques and this effect dominates over the incentive to manipulate costs in order to escape regulation. In this case, regulation is effective precisely because cost padding is hampered by firms’ non-cooperative behaviour.

The Role and Current Status of IFRS in the Completion of National Accounting Rules – Evidence from Italy

Abstract

We examine the recent changes that have affected the Italian accounting scenario after the adoption of the IFRS and the enactment of the European accounting system. In particular, we have focused our attention on the decision of the legislature to enlarge the mandatory adoption of IFRS to non-listed companies and to individual financial statements (FS). At the same time, we have observed the changes determined by the EU Directive 2013/34 on the Italian Civil Code and the FS legislation. Both set of changes are describing a process under which the Italian accounting rules are moving towards the international accounting standards and their framework, contents and methods. Therefore, the main differences among national rules and IFRS are grounded on the measurement rules and the role played by the historical cost principles and the strict and detailed regulation of the Balance sheet and Income statement formats.     

Economic Fluctuations in the U.S. and Euro Area: Quantifying the Contribution of Technical Change

This article aims at quantifying the contribution of technical change to cyclical fluctuations in the U.S. and euro area. We distinguish technical progress in labor-augmenting and capital-augmenting change. To this end, we derive and estimate a New Keynesian DSGE model embodying a constant elasticity of substitution (CES) production function for both areas. Our main findings are: (i) capital-augmenting progress is the main source of technical change volatility; (ii) labor-augmenting shocks give a negligible contribution to the variance of output; (iii) technical change (of both types) explains more economic fluctuations in the U.S. than in the euro area; and (iv) historical decomposition of GDP growth over our sample period (1980–2008) shows that capital-augmenting progress is one of the key drivers of the business cycle.     

对无政府状态下自由市场经济的挑战——试析1929年大萧条及其现实意义

伴随着1929年10月24日美国纽约股票市场股票价格狂跌,一场横扫资本主义世界各国的全球性经济危机爆发了,这给以英美为代表的资本主义国家的经济、工农业等领域造成了不可估量的损失。这次大萧条是对于无政府状态下的自由市场经济的挑战和否定。反观2007年的全球经济,次贷危机、层出不穷的不确定性因素对于经济发展造成的动荡,使得中国经济的高速发展面临严峻的挑战。正如温家宝总理在连任后的首场记者招待会上所言,2008年中国进入"经济最困难的一年"。因此,对于新一届的政府,在规范和依靠市场体制的前提下,如何促进政府宏观调控与市场自我调解机制之间的良性互动,如何保持经济发展和抑制通胀之间的平衡,是关系到中国经济发展模式转变的核心问题。     

电子货币的发展——网络时代的货币趋势

现代社会己进入了高科技时代,电子货币正引起货币发展史上的重大变革一从纸币到电子货币。在发达国家电子货币已经成为人们必不可少的支付工具。在我国"金卡工程"被列为国家重点工程,电子货币正迅速发展。因此,电子货币不但在现实生活中越来越重要,而且在理论上日益成为研究的热点。由于电子货币的发展尚处于起步阶段,且内容复杂,本文将进行总括性的研究以对其有一个初步了解。     

协同商务研究的框架体系结构

当前,企业迎来协同商务的新时代。针对新形势,本文就协同商务的研究背景、定义、研究现状以及体系结构进行重点阐述,旨在使协同商务在未来为企业的广泛应用提供前沿理论依据。