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101.
Arnold Tukker R. Alexandra GoldbohmArjan de Koning Marieke VerheijdenRené Kleijn Oliver WolfIgnacio Pérez-Domínguez Jose M. Rueda-Cantuche 《Ecological Economics》2011,70(10):1776-1788
Food consumption causes, together with mobility, shelter and the use of electrical products, most life cycle impacts of consumption. Meat and dairy are among the highest contributors to environmental impacts from food consumption. A healthier diet might have less environmental impacts. Using the E3IOT environmentally extended input output database developed in an EU study on Environmental Impacts of Products (EIPRO), this paper estimates the difference in impacts between the European status quo and three simulated diet baskets, i.e. a pattern according to universal dietary recommendations, the same pattern with reduced meat consumption, and a ‘Mediterranean’ pattern with reduced meat consumption. Production technologies, protein and energy intake were kept constant. Though this implies just moderate dietary shifts, impact reductions of up to 8% were possible in reduced meat scenarios. The slightly changed food costs do not lead to significant first order rebound effects. Second order rebounds were estimated by applying the CAPRI partial equilibrium model. This analysis showed that European meat production sector will most likely respond by higher exports to compensate for losses on the domestic meat market. Higher impact reductions probably would need more drastic diet changes. 相似文献
102.
We consider a pure exchange economy with a finite set of types of agents which have incomplete and asymmetric information
on the states of nature. Our aim was to describe the equilibrium price formation and analyze how the lack of information may
affect the allocation of resources. To do so, we adapt to an asymmetric information scenario a variant of the Shapley–Shubik
game introduced by Dubey and Geanakoplos (J Math Econ 39:391–400, 2003 ). 相似文献
103.
Carlos García‐Serrano 《Scottish journal of political economy》2011,58(2):221-247
Using a detailed survey on Spanish workers, this paper investigates the relationship between firm size and working conditions, the extent to which firm size differences in workers' job satisfaction can be accounted for by differences in their work environment and the impact of firm size on workers' quit intentions. The results indicate that: (1) employees in larger firms face a worse work environment; (2) working in large firms significantly reduces job satisfaction when no controls for working conditions are included, but taking them into account makes differentials across size categories statistically insignificant; and (3) no systematic differences exist in intentions to quit across firm size categories, irrespective of conditioning on wages. 相似文献
104.
In this paper, we give an example in which the price of tradable emission permits increases despite firms’ adoption of less
polluting technology, a result that is in contrast with Montero (J Environ Econ 44:23–44, 2002) and Parry (J Regul Econ 14:229–254,
1998), among others. If two Cournot players switch to a cleaner technology, the price for permits may increase due to an increase
in the net demand for permits and a decrease in the net supply of permits after the clean technology is adopted. This is only
the case when output demand is quite elastic. 相似文献
105.
Esther Hormiga Rosa M. Batista‐Canino Agustín Sánchez‐Medina 《Journal of Small Business Management》2011,49(4):617-638
This study seeks to highlight the key role played by relational capital in new business start‐ups. Following a review of previous research examining the success factors of new ventures and the role played by intellectual capital, our study sets out to achieve this objective by analyzing the impact of a set of intangible relational assets on the initial success of new business start‐ups. Based on a study of 130 firms, we analyzed six hypotheses regarding the possible positive relationship between the relational capital of a start‐up company and its success in its first few years of business. 相似文献
106.
Juan José Tarí 《Journal of Business Ethics》2011,102(4):623-638
This article presents a systematic literature review on quality management and social responsibility (focusing on ethical
and social issues). It uses the literature review to identify the parallels between quality management and social responsibility,
the extent to which qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods are used, the countries that have contributed most to this
area, and how the most common quality management practices facilitate social responsibility. The literature review covers
articles about quality management and social responsibility (focusing on ethical and social categories) based on a computer
search in three databases, namely ABI Inform, Emerald and Science Direct, and includes articles dealing with the subject that
were found in the lists of references of the articles found in the primary search, as well as a search in six top management
journals. The results show (1) the journals most likely to publish this type of article; (2) the range of qualitative, quantitative
and mixed methods used; (3) the most productive countries in this field; (4) the parallels between quality management and
social responsibility; and (5) how the most common quality management practices facilitate ethical behaviour and social aspects. 相似文献
107.
108.
High rates of firm births and deaths are a pervasive phenomenon across industries and territories. Most studies have related the great turbulence at the fringe of practically all manufacturing industries to positive effects on the long-run performance of industries. According to these views business turbulence, although it has a relatively small incidence on net entry, leads to allocative improvement and stimulates innovation. The existing set of empirical studies does not reach clear conclusions, however, and many questions are still open. Our contribution analyses the relationship between business dynamics in manufacturing and the growth of total factor productivity in industries and regions. After a review of current literature on entry and exit it is argued that most models are tailored to suit the processes observed in industries and regions that are near the technological frontier, and we propose an approach that could be more representative of middle range economies such as Spain. According to this approach new firms are seen more as users of innovations than producers of innovations. We adopt a model based on a vintage capital framework in which new entrants embody the edge technologies available and exiting businesses are supposed to represent the most marginal obsolete plants. Both industries and regions are represented by a Hall's type production function which controls for imperfect competition and economies of scale. The results show that both entry and exit rates contribute positively to the growth of total factor productivity in industries and in regions. 相似文献
109.
José David Cisneros-Martínez Scott McCabe Antonio Fernández-Morales 《Journal of Sustainable Tourism》2018,26(1):85-107
Recent policy from the European Union has attempted to justify social tourism initiatives on the basis that they lead to a more sustainable tourism industry. However, the majority of latest research in the field has been focused on the benefits for participants, with the addition of some evidence on the economic impacts of such programmes on destinations, which have pointed towards sustainability outcomes including: a longer tourism season, more even spread of demand, and longer periods of employment for tourism workers. Yet there is a lack of direct evidence linking such programme to these outcomes. This paper aimed to explore this important disconnect between policy assumptions and evidence-based outcomes through an analysis of the deseasonalising effects of the Spanish social tourism programme for older people. The research found that this programme does have an effect on the seasonal nature of employment and economic activity in most regions studied, but that the huge volume of demand from international tourists in the high seasons masks the quantitative effects in the regions with the highest seasonal concentration of international tourists. Recommendations for policy and practice in sustainable tourism are made that are transferable to many countries and regions that adopt social tourism programmes. 相似文献
110.
Manuel Alector Ribeiro Patrícia Pinto João Albino Silva Kyle M. Woosnam 《Journal of Sustainable Tourism》2018,26(3):379-398
The Sustainable Tourism Attitude Scale (SUS-TAS) has been used as a tool to gauge the sentiment of local residents toward sustainable tourism development. This scale has been validated in cross-cultural settings by several scholars. In a like manner, in order to validate this scale, data were collected in the Cape Verde islands (off the coast of Africa) and the results showed (1) a parsimonious version of the 21-item SUS-TAS that facilitates the process of data collection without compromising its robustness and psychometric properties, (2) a validated second-order factor model, confirming that the seven factors of SUS-TAS can be loaded in two broader dimensions named “perceived tourism impacts” and “expected tourism sustainability”, (3) a SUS-TAS second-order factor model with validity in predicting residents’ support for sustainable tourism development, (4) that SUS-TAS can be interpreted by seven individual factors and/or as a global factor as indicated by the hierarchical measurement model and predictive validity. Methodological and theoretical interpretations are discussed and future refinement and applications are also offered. 相似文献