菱角壳的化学成分和药理活性研究进展

近年来对菱角壳的研究主要分为化学成分和药理活性研究两个方面,其中化学成分方面的研究可以概括为生物碱、酚酸类、萜类和甾体、多糖类、黄酮类5个方面;药理活性方面的研究可以概括为抗癌活性、抗氧化活性、降低α-葡萄糖苷酶活性、保肝护肝活性、抗菌活性5个方面。目前在化学成分方面的研究较弱,从研究结果来看,没食子酸及其衍生物是菱角壳的主要药用成分。最后就菱角壳的开发利用提出了几点建议。     

Consistency between Sakernas and the IFLS for Analyses of Indonesia’s Labour Market: A Cross-Validation Exercise

This article assesses the consistency between Indonesia’s National Labour Force Survey (Sakernas) and the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) for analyses of the country’s labour market. I show that Sakernas and the IFLS depict different levels of and changes in labour-market indicators. My estimates of the labour-force participation model, the sector-choice model, and the Mincer model are all statistically different between the two surveys, although the magnitudes are similar for labour-force participation and sector choice. The IFLS shows a much higher return to education than Sakernas, according to the Mincer model. In addition, I find that the cross-sectional sample of the IFLS and the panel sample of the IFLS corrected for attrition yield similar coefficient estimates from all equations. The findings in this article provide an important reference for researchers interested in using Sakernas and the IFLS—either individually or combined—to analyse labour-market issues in Indonesia.     

Are all investment decisions to subscribe to new stocks mindless?Investor heterogeneity and behavior in the process of subscribing to new stocks

The IPO process is a way for companies to improve their corporate governance and for investors to assess company quality.This paper posits that investor choices...     

How Central Is Too Central? Organizing Interorganizational Collaboration Networks for Breakthrough Innovation

Firms increasingly look to collaboration with alliance partners in their quest for breakthrough innovation. But how does the position of a firm in its alliance network weighted by the centrality of its partners—a concept which we term “partner‐weighted alliance centrality”—and the heterogeneities in the types of partners that it cooperates with—in terms of its private‐public collaboration—influence this quest? Using longitudinal data from the U.S. pharmaceutical industry, we build alliance networks in the period 1985–2001 to investigate these questions. We show that, for breakthrough innovation, collaborating with more partners that are more central in alliance networks the better, but only to a point. Beyond that point, we find that the likelihood of achieving breakthrough innovation drops. Furthermore, and looking at the kinds of knowledge provided by the partners in each firm's alliances, we report that firms with a greater share of private partners, relative to public partners, suffer less from the diminishing benefits of collaboration with central partners when developing breakthrough innovation. Taken together, we make novel contributions about how to organize for breakthrough innovation, and provide actionable managerial advice in terms of selecting collaborative partners in alliance networks.     

面向“一带一路”市场中国制造的绿色升级路径探索

纵观中国制造的国际市场,诸多差异性问题需要中国以不同的策略应对不同的子市场。从经济学的角度这些问题可以界分为转型和升级两类问题,文章从效率提升和成本下降空间标准界定产业转型和产业升级的内涵。以"一带一路"市场为目标市场,分析中国制造在这一市场的发展,明确绿色升级战略是中国制造在这一市场的占优选择。继而从生产技术、劳动生产率、设备利用率及管理水平等方面阐释中国制造实施绿色升级战略的必要性,并给出改进生产技术、提升仓运吨位、升级换装设备及强化市场细分等相应的升级方案。考虑到中国制造在"一带一路"市场的相对优势,中国制造实施绿色升级战略必然会产生优化产业链、促进专业化生产、提升中国经济实力、扩大贸易规模、加速人民币国际化进程等积极效应。     

Carbon Markets in China: Development and Challenges

China is attempting to initiate its own carbon market—an important market-based policy instrument which would determine the fate of global climate policy as the largest emitter of carbon dioxide across the world. This article looks at carbon trading development so far and examines the key challenges ahead in China. These past experiences—whatever from international CDM practice, or SO₂ emission trading and a domestic voluntary carbon market—have paved the solid way to build the existing ETS pilots similar to European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS). The investigation into China’s ETS pilots discovered some important and urgent issues such as the capsetting and deepening energy market reform.     

深基坑支护技术在房屋建筑施工中的运用策略试析

在我国经济实力不断增强的社会背景下,我国的建筑行业发展十分迅速,在数量、质量上,相较于以往都有了较大的突破.但在实际的施工过程中,由于我国高层建筑数量的逐渐增多,地基的深度逐渐增大,在施工中如果对相关的施工技术没有进行一定的选择,就会对人们后期的使用产生较大的威胁.深基坑支护技术的迅速发展和广泛应用不仅在于它们能够促进我国建筑项目工程施工的有序性和顺利进行,也能充分满足实际的施工服务所需,从而保证我国建筑项目工程的施工整体设计施工服务质量,促进我国建筑工程行业的快速健康稳定发展.     

内涵服务与中国制造业分工地位提升：出口增加值视角*

作为重要的中间品，服务投入已经成为影响制造业分工地位的重要因素。基于出口增加值视角，本文利用WIOD数据库测算并考察了内涵服务对中国制造业分工地位的影响。结果表明：（1）尽管中国制造业出口增加值中内涵服务总额处于增长态势，但占比在金融危机以后出现了下降，且大大低于德国、日本等制造业强国，要素投入服务化趋势还没有充分显现；（2）内涵服务占比上升在总体上有利于中国制造业分工地位提高，且主要是通过内涵本国服务发挥作用；（3）进一步细分研究发现，中间产品内涵服务和来源于OECD国家的内涵服务对中国制造业分工地位提升作用更为显著。内涵服务占比较低是“中国制造”长期处于全球价值链中低端的重要原因。未来需要加快国内服务业改革开放和高端服务“引进来”，为制造业向中高端攀升提供强有力的支持。     

变压器绕组温升试验及其不确定度分析

本文介绍了变压器正常加载时的温升试验过程和相关事项，并对试验数据进行变压器温升的不确定度分析。     

影响酒精酵母发酵效果的因素研究

酒精酵母发酵作为现代工业的一个重要指标,酒精酵母的发酵效果也受到了人们的重视。在同样的条件下使酒精酵母拥有更好的发酵效果是工业造酒想要达到的目标。通过实验来探究在酒精酵母发酵过程中影响其生长速度与繁殖的因素。酒精发酵过程中蔗糖会分解成果糖和葡萄糖,酵母发酵过程中首先利用葡萄糖而后利用果糖,果糖就会成为残留物,使得其产生差异性。通过实验发现影响酒精酵母发酵效果的因素有温度、通风、pH、尿素、糖比例等。