影响酒精酵母发酵效果的因素研究

酒精酵母发酵作为现代工业的一个重要指标,酒精酵母的发酵效果也受到了人们的重视。在同样的条件下使酒精酵母拥有更好的发酵效果是工业造酒想要达到的目标。通过实验来探究在酒精酵母发酵过程中影响其生长速度与繁殖的因素。酒精发酵过程中蔗糖会分解成果糖和葡萄糖,酵母发酵过程中首先利用葡萄糖而后利用果糖,果糖就会成为残留物,使得其产生差异性。通过实验发现影响酒精酵母发酵效果的因素有温度、通风、pH、尿素、糖比例等。     

Corporate social responsibility,vertical product differentiation and international competition

Would a foreign firm’s consumer‐oriented corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities be rewarded by an importing country’s voluntary tariff reduction? The current paper addresses this question in an import‐competing duopoly model with vertical product differentiation. It is shown that the tariff will decrease if the foreign firm switches from a purely profit‐driven firm to a CSR firm. A consumer‐oriented CSR strategy will always hurt the domestic firm’s profit, whereas the relationship between the foreign firm’s profit and CSR sensitivity (the degree to which a firm cares about consumer welfare) is invertedly U‐shaped. When firms’ decisions to switch to CSR are endogeneized, only the foreign firm will become a CSR firm.     

‘How do you feel about a disease?’ The effect of psychological distance towards a disease on health communication

Based on construal level theory, this research addresses the moderating role of an individual's psychological distance towards a disease in the effectiveness of advertising messages framed by two distinctive construal level terms (high-level and low-level). In Experiment 1, two different disease types (bronchitis/distant disease vs. influenza/proximal disease) were featured, with the result that an advertisement with high-level construal terms was more persuasive for a psychologically distant disease (bronchitis) than for a psychologically proximal disease (flu). The reverse was true for an ad framed with low-level construal terms. To replicate Experiment 1 and further test the hypothesis, in Experiment 2, the perceived distance individuals have towards one disease (cancer) was measured and used as independent variable. Consistent with the results from Experiment 1, the low-level construal messages were more effective under the psychologically close condition than the psychologically distant condition. Reverse was true for the high-level construal messages.     

Can Pokémon GO catch brands? The fit effect of game characters and brands on efficacy of brand communications

Given the recent popularity of augmented reality (AR) games, such as Pokémon GO, this study explores the congruence effect of game characters and brands on brand evaluations and the underlying mechanisms of the effect. Prior gaming experience and motivations are taken into account. An experiment reveals that inexperienced gamers are likely to have more favorable evaluations of the target brands when the images of game characters match the brand images, whereas these effects disappear for experienced gamers. Furthermore, the research demonstrates that experienced gamers are more likely to hold game-specific motivations than the inexperienced, while inexperienced gamers are motivated more by social interaction for playing AR games. Lastly, a mediation analysis reveals that social interaction-related motivation mediates inexperienced gamers’ preference of character–brand congruence. This study sheds light upon how AR games can be utilized by brand communicators.     

与九头蛇的战斗--罗马共和国和我国唐代反奢侈制度的比较

骄奢淫逸之风犹如九头蛇，危害巨大且永生不死。与之的战斗遍布人类历史的每一个角落。作为现代西方法治文明的起源，除了监察官制度外，罗马在共和国颁布了一系列的反奢侈法律，从衣食住行各个方面抑制奢侈风气。中国古代也有同样功能的制度，仅以唐代为限，就有二十多部帝王诏令限制各种过分的开支。对二者进行比较会发现很多有趣的共同点，比如对家族财富的珍惜、专门官员的设置以及对社会风气的净化等。历史经验证明反奢侈规制在时间和空间上的一般性，并告诫我们：良好国民性格的养成是长期有效净化奢靡之风的必要条件。     

我国中小企业成本管理中存在的问题及对策研究

本文对中小企业成本管理特点及目前所存在的问题进行了分析与总结,并就如何加强成本管理进行了对策研究。     

Promotion and Prevention Contracts in Industry Level Firm to Firm Dyad

ABSTRACT

Purpose

This article aims to introduce and distinguish two features of contract design – prevention and promotion contracts – and compares their effects on opportunism within the distributor–supplier relationship. It also examines the moderating role of ex post contract enforcement strategies.     

加强政策事中事后评估的思考

党的十九届四中全会明确提出要强化决策执行、评估、监督,做好政策评估对优化政府职能、推动国家治理体系和能力现代化有积极作用。加强政策运行情况的评估,应从优化评估工作机制、完善和培育评估机构、强化评估结果的应用入手,不断提升评估工作质量,形成适应中国特色社会主义现代化治理体系的事中事后政策评估机制。     

Does local political support influence financial markets? A study on the impact of job approval ratings of political representatives on local stock returns

Using data on job approval ratings of governors, U.S. senators, and the president, we find that firms located in states with high approval ratings outperform firms located in states with low approval ratings by .64% per month. Furthermore, this relationship is stronger when investors are actively involved in politics, when local politicians are closer to the center of political power, for small firms that have a larger proportion of local investors, and for financially strong areas where investors are ready to execute investments in local stocks. Overall, our study shows that investors’ political sentiment is important in determining stock returns.