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71.
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73.
Juan José Díaz-Hernández Eduardo Martínez-Budría Sergio Jara-Diaz 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2008,30(3):223-232
Port workers services have been usually heavily regulated and reserved exclusively for a special kind of workers, dockworkers,
which seems to have been the cause of serious inefficiencies worldwide. During the eighties, law reforms have been introduced
to solve this problem. In this paper we analyze and decompose efficiency in cargo handling operations in 19 Spanish ports
from 1990 to 1998. The method chosen is that of the parametric estimation of both allocative and technical inefficiency using
panel data and a quadratic cost function. Results show that although inefficiency has decreased overall, there has been over
utilization of labor regarding capital, and technical inefficiency. This supports the need of further consideration of other
aspects including competition.
相似文献
Juan José Díaz-HernándezEmail: |
74.
We study the different levels of corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosures of the largest European firms. We find that firms are more predisposed to disclose more CSR information in countries with better investor protection, higher levels of democracy, more effective government services, higher quality regulations, more press freedom, and a lower commitment to environmental policies. Our analysis of the association of different levels of CSR disclosure with share prices indicates that a high level of CSR disclosure is associated with higher share prices, whereas a low level of CSR disclosure in sensitive industries is associated with lower share prices (compared to no disclosure). These results are also present when we analyse changes in CSR disclosure and are robust to the inclusion of an accounting quality measure in our model. The overall effect of the association of higher levels of CSR disclosure with higher share prices is stronger in countries with more democracy, more government effectiveness, better regulatory quality, and more press freedom. Therefore, market participants find CSR disclosures more informative in countries where investors are in a better position to voice their concerns and where there is better regulation and more effective government implementation of regulations. 相似文献
75.
This paper examines the extent to which the introduction and tightening of transfer pricing frameworks deter income shifting strategies by European multinational companies. To do so, we have built an index that measures the transfer pricing framework strictness by host country and year. Then, tax rate differentials are used to capture profit-shifting incentives and are interacted with the strictness index to assess whether the host country's transfer pricing framework impacts profit-shifting behaviour. The index is shown to increase significantly over the sample period, indicating that the scrutiny of related party transactions by European governments has increased over the period 2001–2009. Using a sample of European foreign subsidiaries, the results suggest that the stricter the transfer pricing framework the lower the tax rate difference sensitivity of reported earnings. This indicates that tightening the transfer pricing framework is capable of dissuading multinational companies from shifting profits from higher- to lower-tax countries. 相似文献
76.
77.
Juan S. Blyde Christian Daude Eduardo Fernández-Arias 《Review of World Economics》2010,146(2):359-387
In this paper we analyze the long-run relationship between output collapses—defined as GDP falling substantially below trend—and
total factor productivity (TFP). We use a panel of 76 developed and developing countries during the period 1960–2004 to identify
episodes of output collapse and estimate counterfactual post-collapse TFP trends. Collapses are concentrated in developing
countries, especially Africa and Latin America, and were particularly widespread in the 1980s in Latin America. Overall, output
collapses are systematically associated with long-lasting declines in TFP. We explore the conditions under which collapses
are least or most damaging, as well as the type of shocks that make collapses more likely or severe. Furthermore, we provide
a quantification of the associated welfare loss with output collapses. 相似文献
78.
Joan Marques 《Journal of Business Ethics》2010,97(3):381-390
A survey conducted among 50 members of the Los Angeles Workforce, all within the age range of 20–50 years, and with a minimum
of 2 years of work experience and a minimum of 2 years of college education, delivered results that may be of interest to
managers in their efforts to enhance workers’ satisfaction and successfully transcend the challenges of these times. The focus
of this study was on values that mattered most in challenging times to members of the workforces. The hypothesis that inner-
and inter-human aspects would be considered more important than money and status in such times was highly supported, with
values such as love and relationships, and positive motivation, in an overwhelming lead. While financial worries were undoubtedly
considered, it was underscored that in times of trouble, employees reach inwardly and outwardly to inner-human and inter-human
connectedness. 相似文献
79.
Daniel A. Dias Carlos Robalo Marques Fernando Martins 《The Scandinavian journal of economics》2013,115(3):756-780
Because of recent findings based on survey data, it is now well known that firms differ from each other with respect to their price‐reviewing strategies. While some firms review their prices at fixed intervals of time, others prefer to perform price revisions in response to changes in economic conditions. Some theories have been suggested to explain this. However, empirical evidence on the relative importance of the factors that determine the different strategies of firms is virtually non‐existent. In this paper, we help to fill this gap by investigating the factors that explain why firms follow time‐dependent, state‐dependent, or both time‐ and state‐dependent price‐reviewing rules. We find that the strategies of firms vary with firm characteristics that have a bearing on the importance of information costs, with the variability of the optimal price, and with the sensitivity of profits to non‐optimal prices. 相似文献
80.
Eduardo Fernández‐Huerga 《American journal of economics and sociology》2013,72(2):361-385
The neoclassical concept of the market is built on a number of assumptions that lead one to view it as a type of ether, devoid of any institutional content. In opposition to this point of view, this article proposes an alternative characterization of markets based on the fundamental principles of institutional and post‐Keynesian economics. After reviewing the main features that characterize the behavior of economic agents, we analyze the set of interrelations between these agents within markets and the role of institutions in the regulation of these interrelations. Finally, we discuss some of the consequences generated by the institutional dimensions of markets with regard to their origins and evolution, the justification for their existence, or the evaluation of their results. 相似文献