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91.
Emily Chamlee-Wright 《The Review of Austrian Economics》2010,23(4):321-331
In this paper, I describe the qualitative methods deployed in a series of investigations examining post-disaster recovery
following Hurricane Katrina. I argue that qualitative methods, particularly ethnographic field interviews, are essential tools
in contexts that the interpretive frameworks (mental models) of the research subjects play a dominant role in shaping broader
patterns of social coordination. Given the importance, Austrian economists attribute to non-deterministic learning as the
source of endogenous change and discovery in contexts of genuine uncertainty; I argue that this underutilized set of tools
ought to be considered particularly valuable. 相似文献
92.
High rates of undernutrition persist in Afghanistan, but community-level information is scarce on its underlying causes. Developing policy in such situations is affected by varying stakeholder perspectives on the issues. This study uses the UNICEF malnutrition framework and a rapid assessment methodology to compare how stakeholders at community, provincial and national levels describe the food and nutrition situation. Consistent differences in problem definition by administrative level and between agriculture and health sectors were apparent. Stakeholders at all administrative levels widely agreed on the need to improve incomes and employment to ensure food security because of the many constraints to agricultural production. Provincial and national level stakeholders further agreed on the need for nutrition education at all levels of society. The research illustrates how local adaptation and application of the UNICEF malnutrition framework can reveal divergent perspectives, as a first step toward finding common ground and an appropriate policy response. 相似文献
93.
Swonk Diane Cook Lisa D. Coronado Julia Morris Emily Kolinski Paulson Anna Poterba James M. Sahm Claudia Strain Michael R. Zentner Ellen 《Business Economics》2020,55(4):279-288
Business Economics - The COVID-19 pandemic radically and rapidly changed the world, including the world of business economists. Eight NABE members employed in a wide variety of fields discuss how... 相似文献
94.
Cheryl Rodgers 《Business Strategy and the Environment》1995,4(3):128-134
The PC sector, following the packaging and car manufacturing industries, will increasingly be forced to acknowledge and account for its product base throughout the commodity's life, and beyond. The environmental problems being posed by electronic waste have been recognized and both the EU and the individual Member States are discussing solutions which may or may not include legislative action. In anticipation, product take-back programmes are beginning to emerge within the industry and the economics and logistics of re-use and recycling are at the forefront of this debate. The issues in store for this sector are examined and specific initiatives by organizations considered. It is asked whether a ‘closing of the product loop’ will generate a competitive advantage for these companies and what impact an industry-led ‘consortia’ initiative may have. 相似文献
95.
Our purpose here is to engage in a cross-disciplinary discussion between Austrian economics and social network theory. In particular, we ask what role social networks play in the extended order in regard to both individual discovery and whether social networks can be the source of widespread unintended cooperation among individuals unknown to one another. Although Austrians have examined the function that market prices play in generating social cooperation, such discussions tend to steer clear of non-priced environments, such as interaction within social networks. We seek to explore this gap. While we acknowledge that non-price information feedback mechanisms such as status and reputation lack the calculability so crucial to market coordination, we argue that they can nonetheless mimic other important qualities of market prices and generate widespread unintended social cooperation among people unknown to one another. After a general discussion, we apply these ideas to online philanthropic communities. 相似文献
96.
Roberts LM Spreitzer G Dutton J Quinn R Heaphy E Barker B 《Harvard business review》2005,83(1):74-80, 117
97.
Group lending and business training programs aimed at small-scale entrepreneurs have captured the interest of development scholars, practitioners, and donors since the 1980s. Yet these strategies have not had much impact in the context of urban Zimbabwe. Building upon ethnographic research conducted in Harare, Zimbabwe and insights drawn from the Austrian school of economics, the case is made that group lending and business training programs in urban Zimbabwe fail to meet the needs of most informal entrepreneurs because they offer a poor cultural fit with the target population, and because they are rarely able to cultivate entrepreneurial skills such as innovation and market discovery among their clients. 相似文献
98.
“Trilemmas”: Characterising the Japanese Concept of “amae” with a Three-Way Forced-Ranking Technique
David?BimlerEmail author John?Kirkland Naomi?Yuhara Misato?Kurosaki Emily?Coxhead 《Quality and Quantity》2005,39(6):779-800
A ‘trilemma’ procedure is introduced for collecting ‘dominance data’ (i.e. rankings of a set of items along a scale of relevance,
preference, etc.). Trilemmas are three-way forced choices where the three items comprising each trilemma are selected on the
basis of a multidimensional scaling solution (MDS) for the item set, ensuring that each choice is as stark and informative
as possible. A questionnaire designed on this principle is easily understood and rapidly administered. The data are convenient
to record and show less fluctuation among informants than existing techniques. We demonstrate the procedure with a set of
45 short generalisations about behaviour, designed for assessing child attachment. A three-dimensional ‘map’ of these items
was obtained by applying MDS to multiple sets of similarity data. The same structure emerged from English-language and Japanese
translations of the items. Thirty trilemmas based on this map were used to rank the items by degree of association with the
Japanese concept of amae, characterising the concept in terms of its behavioural correlates. 相似文献
99.
Social security plays an essential role in an economy, but if designed incorrectly, it can distort individuals' labour supply and savings behaviour. We explore how well the Australian means‐tested pension system provides social insurance by changing the settings of the system and calculating the impact on welfare. In order to exclude trivial welfare gains, we keep the cost of the programmes constant. We find that the means‐tested pension system is welfare reducing, but does provide a better outcome than a PAYG system of equivalent cost. We also find that if the benefit amount is held constant, and hence the cost of the pension programme is allowed to vary, a taper rate of 1.0 is optimal. However, once we hold the cost of the programme constant, a universal benefit scheme provides the best welfare outcome. 相似文献
100.
Scott Rodgers Clive Barnett Allan Cochrane 《International journal of urban and regional research》2014,38(5):1551-1560
We outline the rationale for reopening the issue of the spatiality of the ‘urban’ in urban politics. There is a long tradition of arguing about the distinctive political qualities of urban sites, practices and processes. Recent work often relies on spatial concepts or metaphors that anchor various political phenomena to cities while simultaneously putting the specificity of the urban itself in question. This symposium seeks to extend debates about the relationship between the urban and the political. Instead of asking ‘what is urban politics?’, seeking a definition of the urban as a starting point we begin by asking ‘where is urban politics?’. This question orients all of the contributions to this symposium, and it allows each to trace diverse political dimensions of urban life and living beyond the confines of ‘the city’ as classically conceived. The symposium engages with ‘the urban question’ through diverse settings and objects, including infrastructures, in‐between spaces, professional cultures, transnational and postcolonial spaces and spaces of sovereignty. Contributions draw on a range of intellectual perspectives, including geography, urban studies, political science and political theory, anthropology, cultural studies, sociology, planning and environmental studies — indicating the range of intellectual traditions that can and do inform the investigation of the urban/political nexus. 相似文献