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971.
Tobias Hiller 《International Review of Economics》2011,58(4):433-438
In this note, we generalize the χSh-value for all efficient TU-values 相似文献
972.
Julien Gourdon 《International Review of Economics》2011,58(4):359-383
The relationship between trade liberalization and inequality has received considerable attention in recent years. The major
purpose of this study is to present new results on the sources of wage inequalities in manufacturing taking into account South–South
(S–S) trade. Globalization has not only lead to increasing North–South (N–S) trade, but it has also changed the direction
and composition of trade as more trade is carried out among developing countries. In this study, we find that increasing wage
inequality is associated more with the South–South trade liberalization than with the classical trade liberalization with
northern countries. A part of this increasing wage inequality due to S–S trade comes from the development of N–S trade relationship
in S–S trade that increases wage inequality in middle-income developing countries. This study also seeks to shed some light
on the link between the direction of trade and technological change. We explore the fact that S–S trade leads to a technological
change biased toward skill-intensive sectors more than N–S trade. This indirect effect increases wage inequality for all developing
countries, but it is more important in low-income countries. 相似文献
973.
We investigate the political determinants of liberalization in OECD network industries, performing a panel estimation over
30 years, through the largest and most updated sample available. Our results contrast with the traditional wisdom according
to which right-wing governments do promote market-oriented policies more intensively than left-wing ones. Our findings reveal
a neglected role of the so-called neoliberalism in promoting left-wing market-oriented policy. As a result, we claim that
ideological cleavages ceased to act as determinants of the liberalization wave observed in network industries. This result
is confirmed when controlling for the existing regulatory conditions that executives find when elected. Furthermore, we find
that the country’s exposure to other countries’ policy initiatives acts as a positive stimulus for liberalization policies. 相似文献
974.
We analyze the impact of leniency programs on the behavior of firms participating in illegal cartel agreements in a two-stage
repeated game model. Our approach takes into account asymmetric punishment effect and allows to discuss the design of leniency
programs in the setting with asymmetries. The main contribution of the paper is that we consider heterogeneous firms. This
heterogeneity results in additional costs in case of disclosure of the cartel, which are caused by asymmetric punishments.
Next, following current antitrust rules, we analyze effects of the strictness of leniency programs, which reflects the likelihood
of getting a complete exemption from fine even in case many firms self-report simultaneously. Our main conclusion is that
leniency programs work better for small companies, since a lower rate of law enforcement is needed in order to induce self-reporting
by smaller firms, while big firms are less likely to start a cartel in the first place given the possibility of self-reporting
in future. Finally, we analyze optimal enforcement strategies of the antitrust authority and conclude that the authority with
limited resources should implement more generous leniency rules the more cartelized the economy is. 相似文献
975.
Michelle L. Roehm Harper A. RoehmJr. 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》2011,39(3):363-375
In the present research, Construal Level Theory is used to predict that consumers will mentally characterize incentive offers
differently as a function of their redemption time frames. Data from two experiments indicate that concrete features, such
as the face value of an offer or its mode of presentation (as a dollar figure or as a percentage discount), are prominent
for incentives with short time frames but not for incentives with long ones. In the latter case, abstract features, such as
the incentive’s goal congruity or fit with personal values, are more likely to influence responses. 相似文献
976.
Green marketing strategies: an examination of stakeholders and the opportunities they present 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
J. Joseph CroninJr Jeffery S. Smith Mark R. Gleim Edward Ramirez Jennifer Dawn Martinez 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》2011,39(1):158-174
As green marketing strategies become increasingly more important to firms adhering to a triple-bottom line performance evaluation,
the present research seeks to better understand the role of “green” as a marketing strategy. Through an integration of the
marketing, management, and operations literatures, an investigative framework is generated that identifies the various stakeholders
potentially impacted through the environmentally friendly efforts of a firm. Specifically, the inter-connected nature of the
core business disciplines of marketing, management (both strategy and human resources), and operations are examined as controllable
functions within an organization from which strategies can be enacted to affect a firm’s stakeholders. The prior research
in these areas is examined to identify potential research opportunities in marketing while also offering a series of representative
research questions that can help guide future research in marketing. 相似文献
977.
978.
消费者对产品之概念,经常因个人之人格特质、习惯、偏好及受环境的影响,产生极大的差异化,且随着产品不断创新,使消费者对产品属性逐渐产生信息不对称之情形,故在选购产品时无法有明确的标的做为参考之依据,因而往往受到外部线索或外在刺激之影响进行购买行为。以往研究外部线索的相关议题中,皆只谈到单一外部线索或两种外部线索对产品评价进行讨论,因此本研究将过去学者所提到之外部线索加以整合形成概念性架构,加以探讨外部线索对消费者购买行为之影响。本研究共发放350份问卷,有效回收问卷253份,利用结构方程模式(SEM)以验证性因素分析检验各构面之效度,检定结果各构面均具有足够的收敛效度与区别效度,并进一步验证整体模式配适度,验证结果显示整体模式配适标准达检定水平,表示本研究的理论模型可获得支持,且代言人可信度、享乐主义、促销活动、品牌形象等外部线索对产品评价皆有正向显著的影响,分析结果亦显示品牌形象对享乐主义与产品评价之间具有中介效果,及知觉风险对品牌形象与产品评价之间亦具有中介效果,更凸显了品牌形象与知觉风险所扮演的重要角色。另外,从本研究发现,消费者在搜寻外部线索时,品牌形象在消费者心中占了相当重要的地位,过去惯用的营销手法... 相似文献
979.
980.
本文首先介绍了京津冀地区区域经济合作的现状和存在的问题。通过分析金融危机后京津冀地区产业体系的变化,在此基础上探讨后金融危机时期京津冀区域经济合作发展的趋势。最后,有针对性地提出了河北省参与京津冀区域经济合作的战略对策。 相似文献