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901.
Kanybek Nur-tegin 《Atlantic Economic Journal》2007,35(3):327-342
This paper evaluates the potential of transition economies for achieving sustainable improvements in living standards vis-à-vis
developing countries based on their productivity performance. The comparison is made using a bootstrapped Malmquist productivity
index and its technological and efficiency change components. The results of estimation indicate that transition economies
enjoy significantly higher increases in technical efficiency than developing countries with comparable rates of real GDP growth.
Therefore, these results suggest that the former group of countries may have better growth prospects than the latter group,
giving empirical support to Stern and Fries’ (Foreign Policy 111:164–165, 1998) optimism that transition economies are the “tiger” economies of tomorrow.
相似文献
Kanybek Nur-teginEmail: |
902.
Guntram B. Wolff 《Open Economies Review》2007,18(3):327-346
Foreign direct investment is of increasing importance in the European Union. This paper estimates the effect of taxes on foreign
direct investment (FDI) flows and on three sub-components of these flows for the countries of the enlarged European Union.
The model in the spirit of gravity equations robustly explains FDI flows between the 25 member states. Sample selection needs
to be addressed in the estimation. We show that the different subcomponents of FDI should and indeed do react differently
to taxes. After controlling for unobserved country characteristics and common time effects, the top statutory corporate tax
rate of both, source and host country, turn insignificant for total FDI and investment into equity. However, high source country
taxes clearly increase the probability of firms to re-invest profits abroad and lower the percentage of debt financed FDI.
This might reflect profit re-allocation to avoid taxes. Market size factors have the expected signs.
相似文献
Guntram B. WolffEmail: |
903.
In this study, we attempt to examine the possibility of emergence of significant fluctuations of the exchange rates in the
future for the candidate EMU countries. In doing so, we estimate the equilibrium rate of the nominal effective exchange rate
for Poland, Hungary, Slovak Republic and Malta through the BEER and PEER approaches. While the PEER-based estimation implies
a large misalignment rate for the Hungarian forint, the BEER-based analysis shows that the present exchange rates of the countries
considered do not deviate significantly from their equilibrium rates. As a consequence, based on BEER analysis, we do not
expect large fluctuations in the effective exchange rates among the currencies considered. Hence, the relevant effective exchange
rates are expected to be relatively stable. As a matter of fact, the entry of those countries into EMU is not expected to
weaken the stability of Euro.
相似文献
Nikolaos GiannellisEmail: |
904.
This paper provides some of the first empirical evidence on labour market adjustments to exchange rate movements in Canadian
manufacturing industries. Controlling for endogeneity using generalized method of moments estimation, it is found that during
the 1981–1997 period, exchange movements have a substantial impact on labour input and that this impact has grown over time
as the manufacturing industries have become more exposed to trade. In contrast, the exchange rate effect on real wages is
estimated to be virtually zero for all manufacturing industries.
相似文献
Terence YuenEmail: |
905.
Michael J. Hicks 《Atlantic Economic Journal》2007,35(1):77-95
This research estimates fiscal impacts of Wal-Mart in Ohio from 1985 through 2003. Using a panel of counties, and accounting
for spatial autocorrelation in an instrumental variable model I estimate impact of Wal-Mart and Super-Centers on selected
revenues and transfer payments. Among the findings is that the presence of a Wal-Mart increases local commercial property
tax assessments resulting in collection increases of between $350,000 and $1.3 million. There is also an 18–43% reduction
in per capita EITC claims in a county. However, Medicaid expenditures experience growth which amount to roughly 16 additional
cases attributable to a single Wal-Mart. The magnitude and statistical certainty of these findings, suggests that local fiscal
intervention, either through incentives or a “Wal-Mart Tax” is unwarranted.
相似文献
Michael J. HicksEmail: |
906.
This paper utilizes calculated historical volatility and GARCH models to compare the historical price volatility behavior
of crude oil, motor gasoline and heating oil in U.S. markets since 1990. We incorporate a shift variable in the GARCH/TARCH
models to capture the response of price volatility to a change in OPEC’s pricing behavior. This study has three major conclusions.
First, there was an increase in volatility as a result of a structural shift to higher crude oil prices after April 1999.
Second, volatility shocks from current news are not important since GARCH effects dominate ARCH effects in the variance equation.
Third, persistence of volatility in all commodity markets is quite transitory, with half-lives normally being a few weeks.
相似文献
Thomas K. LeeEmail: |
907.
Caroline Schmidt 《Open Economies Review》2007,18(3):347-367
In this paper, it is argued that the observed high positive correlation between national savings and investment which is found
in the data can in part be explained by shocks to monetary policy. This hypothesis, which is established by reviewing some
empirical findings, is tested in a two-country DSGE-model framework in the tradition of the New Open Economy Macroeconomics.
The simulation results obtained support the idea that shocks to monetary policy might contribute to the explanation of the
Feldstein-Horioka puzzle.
相似文献
Caroline SchmidtEmail: |
908.
Edward J. Kane 《Atlantic Economic Journal》2007,35(4):399-409
Basel II consists of supervisory guidelines negotiated by representatives of central banks and national regulatory commissions
that were members of the Basel committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS). The BCBS is itself a regulatory response to globalization,
which is connecting national safety nets in market-driven ways. A country’s financial safety net is a social contract established
by short-lived agents for principals in long-lived economic sectors. Restraints placed on the authority of the BCBS members
to contract for their principals by domestic politics explains: why Basel II authorizes individual countries to implement
the agreement in markedly different ways; why US implementation of Basel II ran into so much doubt, controversy, and delay;
and how the implementation debate set small and large banks and the Federal Reserve and other federal regulators against one
another.
相似文献
Edward J. KaneEmail: |
909.
Gutierrez-Martinez MI Del Villin RE Fandiño A Oliver RL 《International journal of injury control and safety promotion》2007,14(2):77-84
Since 2002, the Institute for Peace Promotion and Injury/Violence Prevention (CISALVA) at the Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia and the Colombia Program at Georgetown University have developed and implemented 21 epidemiologically based municipal crime observatories in intermediate-sized municipalities in Colombia. These crime observatories serve as monitoring centres that provide low cost, geo-referenced methods of data collection and analysis, which allow cities to develop more responsive policies and prevention programmes and enhance governance. This article focuses on the methodology employed and lessons learned that may be applicable to similar settings. Worth noting within the results was a significant decrease in homicides after the first year of the programme. Whether or not such results could be attributed to the method or to the nature of the interventions and policy initiatives stemming from it remains open to conjecture. 相似文献
910.
ABSTRACT 1 : The paper analyzes how rising food and energy prices affect heterogeneous firm access to inputs and production under credit market imperfections. We estimate a firm credit constraint equation using a unique firm level panel data and find that, on average, small individual firms (IF) are more credit constrained than large corporate firms (CF). Using the estimated parameters, we simulate the effect of the recent food price shock on the world markets. Our results suggest that in the presence of credit market imperfections, the less credit constrained CF benefit relatively more from food price increase than IF, as they are able to expand their production more flexibly. These findings have important policy implications for countries with significant market imperfections. In the case of the food price shock, not only consumers but also producers, which on average are more credit constrained than producers in developed countries, may lose their market shares and hence their income in the long run. 相似文献