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Frank R. Lichtenberg 《Journal of Regulatory Economics》1991,3(3):241-249
To properly assess the performance and monitor the management of industrially diversified firms, investors and other stakeholders may want companies to report separate financial data for each of their lines of business. In the mid-1970s, following a major increase in diversification of American firms, private and public regulators began requiring firms to disclose financial data for individual industry segments. Company managers, however, were given the authority to determine the degree to which data reported to outsiders was disaggregated. This article examines the managerial response to segmented financial disclosure regulations. Analysis of longitudinal data reveals that the extent of segmentation in reporting has been both low and declining, relative to the true extent of industrial diversification. In 1985, the fraction of companies with more than one reported segment was only 29.7 percent, whereas the fraction of companies operating in more than one line of business (assigned more than one SIC code by Compustat) was 83.5 percent. In 1977, about half of the included companies reported at least two industry segments, and a third reported at least three; by 1987, these fractions had declined to about one-quarter and one-seventh, respectively. A potential explanation of these findings is that managers perceive minimal disclosure of segmented information to be in their own self-interest. 相似文献
23.
Frank R. Gunter 《Constitutional Political Economy》1991,2(3):283-301
Thomas Jefferson's theory of public debt repudiation illustrates both the normative and positive aspects of public debt repudiation.
Using Jefferson's model, this paper attempts to reveal several characteristics of public debt repudiation. First, that the
positive characteristics of repudiation can not be analyzed apart from the normative and institutional issues. Second, how
a debt repudiation rule might be incorporated into a country's constitution and, finally, how such a rule may lead to an improvement
of the country's credit terms over those that would exist otherwise. In other words, a country may be better off announcing
its standards for repudiation then if it denied any intention to repudiate under any conditions. A related issue, which is
beyond the scope of this paper, is the sufficient conditions for repudiation. Jefferson's model develops only the necessary
conditions.
I would like to thank J. Richard Aronson, Wayne Brough, Dean Crawshare, James Dearden, Kenneth Greene, Vince Munley, the anonymous
referees, and seminar participants at the 1990 Public Choice Society meetings and at Lehigh University for helpful comments
and suggestions. Of course, the author is responsible for any errors. The author is grateful to The Martindale Center for
the Study of Private Enterprise which supplied research support. 相似文献
24.
Exploring the boundaries of the framing effect: The moderating roles of disparate expected values and perceived costs of judgmental errors 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Framing effects on retail store choice decisions were investigated in four experiments. Subjects preferred the store that guaranteed (a sure option) good prices (experiment 1), product availability (experiment 2), or a rebate (experiment 3) when consequences were framed in terms of gains; subjects preferred the risky option when consequences were framed in terms of losses. Consistent with fuzzy-trace theory, framing effects were reduced when the expected values of options were disparate in a direction that disfavored sure gain or probabilistic loss options (experiment 2) and when the perceived costs of committing a judgmental error were high (experiment 3). Experiment 4 shows that the moderating effects of disparate expected values and costs of judgment errors generalize to within-subject designs. 相似文献
25.
Trade-off Model of Debt Maturity Structure 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
In this paper, we suggest the trade-off model to explain the choice of debt maturity. This model is based on balancing between risk and reward of using shorter-term loans. Shorter-term loans have cost advantage over, but incur higher refinancing and interest rate risk than longer-term loans. Using the Compustat data, we show that the principal components of financial attributes are financial flexibility and financial strength. Therefore, only firms with greater financial flexibility and financial strength can use proportionately more short-term loans. We also document that financially strong firms take advantage of lower interest rates of short-term debt. They use proportionately more short-term loans when the term premium is high. The results of our study also provide evidence supporting the agency cost hypothesis, which is strongly supported by current literature. 相似文献
26.
We examine the determinants of the new issue maturity of corporate bonds. As credit rating decreases, new bond issues have longer maturities, but substantial variation in maturity within each rating class remains. We seek to explain the variation of new issue maturity within credit classes. We find that asset maturity, security covenants, and macroeconomic conditions influence the new issue maturity of bonds within rating categories. 相似文献
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